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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *kam
Meaning: skin, hide, bark
Akusha: kam
Comments: Cf. also Ur. kam 'skin (of vegetables)', Kub., Tsud. kam 'skin, bark', Kharb. kam 'skin, bark, sour cream' etc.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *kŏnmo / *mŏnko
Meaning: skin; dandruff
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Lak. čannu < *kannu. Except for a metathesis (a rather usual phenomenon), correspondences are regular (although we would rather expect -u-, not -a- in Lak.; the wrong vowel is probably due to Ablaut).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *mɔkV
Meaning: 1 sheepskin 2 fur-coat
Bezhta: maku 2
Gunzib: mɔgɔ 1
Comments: PGB *mɔku (obl. base *mɔkɔ-li- > Bezht. maka-li-, Gunz. mɔgɔ-li-; in Gunz. the obl. base vocalism influenced the direct stem; cf. also Bezht. Tlad., Khosh. mäkä 'fur-coat' with the same vocalic development). The seemingly close PTsKh *boko 'fur-coat' can not correspond to PGB *mɔku phonetically and is actually a loan from Andian (see *wǟkwV).
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: čannu
Meaning: dandruff
Lak form: čannu (Bartkh.)
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *kan(a)
Meaning: 1 dandruff; epidermis 2 carpet (napless) 3 shaved head
Lezghian: kan 1
Agul: kan 2 (Bursh.)
Rutul: kan 3 (Khnov.)
Comment: Also means 'bald spot' in Rut., 'bark, peel' in Lezg. Khl. Abayev (1958, 579) suggests a Lezg. source for Osset. (suffixed) känk 'dandruff'.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *kŏnmó
Meaning: skin
Comments and references : NSC 57 *kOnmV, WFR 88. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *kuam
Meaning: shell, cover, husk
Tibetan: khom wallet, leather trunk.
Burmese: khwam skin, pod, skull.
Kachin: puŋ1-kum1 the skull (puŋ1 head).
Lushai: kōm a pod, a shell; the cover (of a book); an ear of maize, KC *Kuam (?) eyelid.
Lepcha: kom-bo, kom-thun leather (untanned), hide
Comments: Sh. 411.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-kach,stibet-lush,stibet-lepcha,stibet-comments,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVMV
Meaning : skin, husk
Austric : PAA *ka:m 'husk, bran'.
Notes : PAA may be < ST.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-notes,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *kamV
Meaning: skin, crust, peel
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-esk,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *kami
Meaning: a k. of cloth
Russian meaning: вид ткани
Comments: A Western isogloss (although the Turkic reflex is somewhat dubious). MKor. kamtho 'a horsehair cap worn by officials' (compared with TM in SKE 92, Lee 1958, 113) is rather < Manchu. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *KEmek
Meaning: a k. of striped cloth for making upper clothes
Russian meaning: вид полосатой ткани для изготовления верхней одежды
Comments: EDT 722. The isolated OT word may be borrowed from Eastern Iranian: cf. Pers. kamxa < Chin. gimhua (see VEWT 229 on further loans: Pers. > Turkic kamka > Russ. камка 'striped silk cloth'). Cf. other similar cases (like Sak. kamaiška > MK kemišge etc.). turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *kemerlig
Meaning: a k. of silk
Russian meaning: вид шелка
Written Mongolian: kemerlig (L 451) Khalkha: kemerleg
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kam-
Meaning: 1 to hem a garment with a white fur stripe 2 head kerchief 3 broad women's belt
Russian meaning: 1 подбивать одежду белой меховой полосой 2 головной платок 3 широкий женский пояс
Evenki: kamrā- 1
Literary Manchu: qamtun 2
Ulcha: qambụča 3
Orok: qāmị 3
Comments: ТМС 1, 370, 371. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 235
Proto: *kama
English meaning: peel, crust
German meaning: Schale
Finnish: kamara 'Kruste, Kopfhaut, Schwiele'
Estonian: kamar (gen. kamara) 'Schwarte, Kopfhaut; Grasnarbe'
Mari (Cheremis): kom (KB U B) 'Brotkruste, Fruchtschale; Brotrinde'
Udmurt (Votyak): kumeĺ (S) 'die abgezogene Rinde des Lindenbastes', ? ke̮m (S G), kȯm (K) 'Rinde, Kruste, Schale'
Komi (Zyrian): komi̮ĺ (Le.), kome̮ĺ (Ud.) 'Schale, Hülse', ku.miĺ (PO) 'кожура'
Mansi (Vogul): kɔ̄̈mtol (KU), kamtul (P) 'отщелки, Nußschalen' ?
Hungarian: háml- 'sich abschuppen, abschälen', háncs (altung. hámcs) 'Bast', hánt- (altung. hámt-) 'schälen, abschälen, enthülsen'
Nenets (Yurak): śāw (O), śem (Lj.) 'Schuppe'
Nganasan (Tawgi): kamu
Selkup: qā̊m (TaU) 'Fischschuppe'
Kamass: kåm 'Schuppe'
Sammalahti's version: FU *kama
Addenda: Mot. каменгапты
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-mar,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-nen,uralet-nga,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,uralet-samm2,uralet-add,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *qaml-
Russian meaning: шкура (овцы, козы)
English meaning: skin (of goat, sheep)
Georgian: xaml-
Georgian meaning (Rus.): вид обуви (ДГ qaml-)
Georgian meaning (Engl.): a k. of footwear (Old Georg. qaml-)
Megrel: ? xwemur-
Megrel meaning (Rus.): несквозное отверстие
Megrel meaning (Eng.): a non-piercing hole
Svan: qamur, qemǝr
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 263, EWK 560. Ср. ПСК *χʕāmV 'шкура' (NCED 1067; в ПЗК *t-q:amǝ > ПАТ *qamǝ). Связь ПЗК и картв. отмечается в Климов 1969, 290.
kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-grmean,kartet-egrmean,kartet-meg,kartet-mgmean,kartet-emgmean,kartet-sva,kartet-notes,
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Eskimo etymology :
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Proto-Eskimo: *kǝmǝɣ
Meaning: flesh, skin
Russian meaning: плоть, кожа
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 168, 169
esqet-prnum,esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-yup,esqet-inup,esqet-refer,
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Yupik etymology :
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Proto-Yupik: *kǝmǝɣ
Meaning: skin (human) 1, flesh 2, body 3, fatty 4
Russian Meaning: кожа 1, плоть, мясо 2, тело 3, толстый, в теле 4
Sirenik: kǝ́mǝx 1, //3, 2 [Vakh.]
Chaplino: kǝmǝ́kšaq (t) 'flesh: part of meat without skin and fat' 2, //kǝmǝk 1, 2
Naukan: kǝ́mǝk 1, kǝmǝ́xtuqáq 4, cf. kǝ́mli 'fur (of birds, animals)'
Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: kǝmǝk 2
Chugach (AAY): PWS kǝmǝk 2, 3
Central Alaskan Yupik: kǝmǝk 2
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 168
yupet-prnum,yupet-mean,yupet-rmean,yupet-sir,yupet-chap,yupet-nauk,yupet-aay,yupet-chug,yupet-cay,yupet-ced,
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Inupik etymology :
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Proto-Inupik: *kǝmǝ-ɣ
Meaning: inner force, power, influence 1, strong, effective 2
Russian meaning: внутренняя сила, власть, влияние 1, сильный, настойчивый 2
Seward Peninsula Inupik: kimi- 'to request, to desire'
SPI Dialects: Di kɨmɨnaq
WCI Dialects: Net kimik-iliqtuq neg. 2 'not so strong'
Greenlandic Inupik: kimik 1, kimittūq 2
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 169
inupet-prnum,inupet-meaning,inupet-rmean,inupet-spi,inupet-spis,inupet-wcis,inupet-gri,inupet-ced,
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