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Lak etymology :

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Lak root: ḳama
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: handful; handle
Lak form: ḳama
Comments: Cf. Khosr. ḳama id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,

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North Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-North Caucasian: *ḳēmV / *mēḳV
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: armful, handful
Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ḳamV- ( ~ č̣-,-o-)
Proto-Tsezian: *miḳVr
Proto-Lak: ḳama
Proto-Lezghian: *ḳem(a) / *meḳ(a)
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are regular (except for a rather frequent metathesis).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,

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Avar-Andian etymology :

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Protoform: *ḳamV- ( ~ č̣-,-o-)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: haystack (*'armful of hay')
Chamalal: č̣ama-ra (Gig.)
Comments: Attested only in Cham., thus both *ḳ- and *č̣- are possible in PA.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-chm,aandet-comment,

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Tsezian etymology :

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Proto-Tsezian: *miḳVr
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: bundle
Gunzib: miḳar
Comments: Attested only in Gunz., but having probable external parallels.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,

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Lezghian etymology :

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Proto-Lezghian: *ḳem(a) / *meḳ(a)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 armful 2 sheaf of hay 3 stack 4 fist
Lezghian: ḳem 1
Rutul: ḳǝm-ǝr 2 (Khniukh.)
Kryz: ḳemä 3
Budukh: meḳ 4
Comment: The original meaning (as confirmed also by the external evidence) must have varied between 'handful' ( > Bud. 'fist') and 'armful' (meanings in other languages). Note that the Kryz. word has a specific meaning "a haystack which can be put up by one pitchfork" ( = *'armful'). 3d class in all class-distinguishing languages.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-rut,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-comment,

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Sino-Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xḳwVńV́
Meaning: handful, hold in hand
Sino-Tibetan: *kjŏŋ(H) (~g-)
Yenisseian: *χäń
Comments and references : HGC 26, WFR 77.
sccet-meaning,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-notes,

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Sino-Tibetan etymology :

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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *kjŏŋ(H) (~g-)
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: hold in hand
Chinese: 拱 *koŋʔ join the hands, present with both hands.
Tibetan: ãkhjoŋ-ba (p., i. khjoŋ) to bring.
Burmese: kǝuŋ hold in hand, use, employ.
Comments: Cf. also Sichuan *khVN 'give'.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-comments,

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Chinese characters :

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Character: 拱
Modern (Beijing) reading: gǒng
Preclassic Old Chinese: koŋʔ
Classic Old Chinese: kóŋ
Western Han Chinese: kóŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: kóŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: kóŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kóŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: kóŋ
Middle Chinese: kö́uŋ
English meaning : join the hands, present with both hands
Russian meaning[s]: 1) приветствовать сжатыми руками (левая рука охватывает правый кулак), поднятыми на уровень груди; кланяться; 2) держать двумя руками; обхватить; 3) арка, свод; 4) обвязывать; обмотать; 5) подтолкнуть, приподнять
Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology
Dialectal data: Dialectal data
Radical: 64
Four-angle index: 7851
Karlgren code: 1182 e
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,

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Chinese Dialects :

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Number: 750
Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology
Character: 拱
MC description : 通合三上腫見
ZIHUI: 2162 2691
Beijing: kuŋ 2
Jinan: kuŋ 2
Xi'an: koŋ 2
Taiyuan: kuŋ 2
Hankou: kuŋ 2
Chengdu: koŋ 2
Yangzhou: kɔuŋ 2
Suzhou: koŋ 2
Wenzhou: koŋ 21
Changsha: koŋ 2
Shuangfeng: kaŋ 2; kǝn 2
Nanchang: kuŋ 2
Meixian: kiuŋ 2
Guangzhou: kuŋ 21
Xiamen: kiɔŋ 2
Chaozhou: kioŋ 21
Fuzhou: kyŋ 2
Shanghai: koŋ 1
Zhongyuan yinyun: kuŋ 2
doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,

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Yenisseian etymology :

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Proto-Yenisseian: *χäń
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: fathom
Ket: qāń
Yug: xan
Kottish: hen, pl. hēnaŋ
Comments: ССЕ 300. Cf. also Kott. hamal "armful". Werner 2, 81-82 <*qan>.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,

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