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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: q̇uruq̇
Meaning: crane
Lak form: q̇uruq̇
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *q̇_ǝ̄rǝ̄q̇wV
Meaning: crane
Notes: An onomatopoeic reduplicated root; despite some natural irregularities, its reconstruction for PNC seems reliable enough. Occasional Inlaut nasalisation (in PTs, PD) may have been caused by old nasal suffixes (cf. some Andian forms). Several languages may have preserved the root in a non-reduplicated shape: cf. And. q̇:urru, Kar. q̇:uru-n, Rach. q̇:uru-nṭa 'crane' ( = God. q̇:ʷaranṭa 'a small jug'); Arch. q̇ʷer-ṭi, Tab. q̇ar-ni, Lezg. Nüt. q:ar-ni (with an irregular q:-); Abkh. a-ṗq̇a. These forms, although few, seem to indicate a PNC form *q̇_wVrV, which may have served as a basis for the more widely spread reduplication *q̇_ǝrǝ̄q̇wV.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *ʁarVʁurV / *-lV
Meaning: crane
Chechen: ʁarʁuli
Ingush: ʁaraʁura
Comments: 4th class in both languages.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *q̇:iriq̇:ʷara / *-ma
Meaning: crane
Avar: q̇:únq̇:ra
Chadakolob: q̇unq̇rá
Akhvakh: q̇:uq̇:ura
Chamalal: q̇:uriq̇:ara
Karata: q̇:orq̇:ama (Tok)
Bagvalal: q̇:iriq̇:ara
Godoberi: q̇:urq̇:ama
Comments: An expressive reduplicated stem. Tind., And. q̇:unq̇:ra, Kar. q̇:uq̇:ra are secondary loans from Avar. On the other hand, Andian languages were the source of Inkh. q̇irq̇ʷa, Khvarsh. q̇irq̇o 'crane'.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-krt,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *qɔ̃q(V) A
Meaning: crane
Tsezi: qoq
Ginukh: qoq
Bezhta: qaqa
Gunzib: qɔ̃qi
Comments: PTsKh *qoq (~ -ɔ̃-); PGB *qɔ̃qV.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *q̇ʷanq̇ / *q̇ʷarq̇
Meaning: 1 heron, bustard 2 crane
Akusha: q̇anq̇ 1
Chiragh: q̇arq̇ 2
Comments: Cf. also Tsud. q̇ʷanq̇ 'heron', Ur. q̇unq̇ 'crane'. The literary (Ak.) word for 'crane' is q:urʁ, which may be an expressive variant of the same root.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *q̇urq̇(a)
Meaning: 1 bustard 2 crane
Lezghian: q̇uq̇ 1
Agul: q̇urq̇ 2
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-agu,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *q:arawǝ
Meaning: 1 crane 2 swan
Adyghe: q:araw 1
Kabardian: q:ǝruw 1
Ubykh: qaráw 2
Comments: PAK *q:aráwǝ / *q:ǝrǝ́wǝ. The Ub. form may be an Ad. loan (although nothing contradicts its genuineness, too). Dumézil (1963,18) is correct in assuming that the Abaz. forms (Ashkh. q̇ru etc.) are borrowed from Kabardian.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xq̇ǝ̄́rǝ̄xq̇wV
Meaning: crane
Sino-Tibetan: OC 鶴 *g(h)ākʷ 'crane'
Comments and references : NSC 55 *q̇(w)Vrq̇wV; DCE 15. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *guriraK
Meaning: crane
Kottish: kurīrax, pl. kurīragan, kurīrakŋ
Comments: ССЕ 229. Werner 1, 454. An expressive root, attested only in Kottish.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *qarū́jo (/*ɣ-)
Meaning: heron
Hunza: qarū́jo
Nagar: ɣarū́jo
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *kur̄V(lo)
Meaning: crane (bird)
Bizkaian: kurrillo, kurruillo, (Ispaster) kurlo
Gipuzkoan: kurrillo
Salazarese: kurru
Zuberoan: khǘrlo
Roncalese: kurri
Comments: Some of the forms resemble Romance (Trask 1995: Sp. grulla, etc.), but Pyrenean kurri, kurru are not derivable from Rom. On the other hand it is likely that Bsq influenced Sp., i.e. the Sp. form with ending -lla is not found in other Rom. languages. In current Spanish grúa is used for ‘mechanical crane, derrick’ and grulla for the bird: the latter seems to be a blend of Old Sp. grúa + a Vasconic form similar to Bsq kurillo. Cf. Bur *qarū́-ỵo 'heron', etc.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-sal,basqet-zbr,basqet-rnc,basqet-comments,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVRV
Meaning : crane
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *kar-/*ker-
Meaning: crane
References: МССНЯ 341, ОСНЯ 1, 292-293; ND 921 *kurV ~ *karV 'crane'. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *geran-, *geraw-; *grū-
Meaning: crane
Old Greek: gérano-s f. (m.) `Kranich'; gérēn f. (fem. of géranos) Ael.Dion.Fr.1 04; Hsch.
Latin: grūs, gen. gruis f. `Kranich'
Celtic: Cymr, Corn, Bret garan `Kranich'
Russ. meaning: птица (журавль)
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: жура́вль,
Near etymology: род. п. -вля́, м., народн. жура́вель, также "колодезный рычаг" и название одного созвездия в южн. части небосвода, укр. жураве́ль, блр. жо́ров, др.-русск. жеравль, часто (ср. еще Котошихин 96), цслав. жеравль, болг. же́рав (Младенов 166), сербохорв. же̏ра̑в, ждра̑љ, словен. žerjàv, род. -áva, чеш. žeráv, jeřáb, польск. żóraw, в.-луж. žеrаw, žоrаw, н.-луж. žоrаwа.
Further etymology: Родственно лит. gérvė, лтш. dzẽrve, др.-прусск. gerwe, лат. grūs, род. grŭis "журавль", греч. γέρανος "журавль", лит. garnỹs "аист, цапля", лтш. gar̃nis "аист", кимр. gаrаn "журавль", арм. kṙunk (из *kēr- через kir-), д.-в.-н. kranuh; см. Сольмсен, Beitr. 120; Мейе, Ét. 374; Траутман, ВSW 87; М.--Э. 1, 548; 603; Торп 39; Вальде--Гофм. I, 624; Мейе--Вайан 25; Шпехт 48. Далее сюда же др.-инд. járatē "поет, зовет", д.-в.-н. kerran "кричать"; см. М.--Э. I, 548; Булаховский, ОЛЯ 7, 110.
Pages: 2,67-68
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *gar̂n-ia- (2) m., *ger̂w-iā̃ (1) f.
Meaning: crane, stork
Lithuanian: garnī̃-s `Reiher, Storch'; gérvē, géršē `Kranich', žem. génšē, gę́šē, géžē `Reiher'
Lettish: gar̂nis `Storch; Reiher'; guoris (L.) 'ein Reiher', guõris (Koddiack), guôris2 (Ipik̨i) 'Art Vogel'; dzẽrve `Kranich; Fischadler; Storch', dial. dzēse, dzēsis, dzēsnis, dzēze `schwarzer Storch', dzêse2, dzēzis 'Reiher'
Old Prussian: gerwe `Kranich' V. 715, geeyse `Reiher' V. 718, geasnis `Schnepfe (бекас)' V. 753
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,baltet-oprus,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *krana-z, *kranō, *kranēn, *kranōn; *krana-z etc.
Meaning: crane
Old Norse: trana f. `Kranich', trani m. `id.; Schwert- und Schlangenname'
Danish: trane
Old English: cran, -es m., cran, -e f. `crane'; cranoc, -es m. `id.', cornuc (cornoch) id.
English: crane
Old Saxon: krano, kran
Middle Dutch: crāne
Dutch: kraan m.
Middle Low German: kran, krāne
Old High German: { crano }; kranuh (8.Jh.)
Middle High German: kranech, kranch, kranc; krenich, krench st. m., kran(e)che, kreneche wk. m. 'kranich; hebezug für lasten, kran'; md. kran(e) 'ds.'
German: Kran m., Kranich m.
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 575
Root: ger-2
English meaning: to shriek (in expr. forms)
German meaning: in Schallworten, bes. für `heiser schreien'
Material: A. Ai. járatē `rauscht, tönt, knistert, ruft', jarā `das Rauschen' (oder zu *ĝā̆r- oder *gʷer-); vielleicht gargara-h `ein Musikinstrument' (doch siehe auch *gal-); alb. ngurónj `heulen' (vom Wind);
anord. kǣra, kǣrða `eine Sache vorbringen, Klage führen, anklagen' (von einem dehnstufigen i-St. *gēri- abgeleitet); mit Konsonantenschärfung ahd. carron `stridere, instrepere' (schw. V.), cherran (st. V.) `schreien, knarren', mnd. kerren, karren `knarren', ags. ceorran `knarren' (ceorung `Klage, Murren'), norw. karra `girren, gackern', anord. kurra `knurren, murren', kurr `Gemurmel, Gerücht';
lit. gùrti `gellen';
B. Hierher der Kranichname:
1. Lit. géršė `Kranich, Reiher'; nach Risch (briefl.) kontaminiert aus gérvė und génšė;
2. Mit Formans -en-, zum Teil mit -u- und -g- erweitert:
arm. krunk `Kranich' (*geru-n-g-); vgl. unten ahd. kranuh;
gr. γέρην γέρανος Hes., γέρανος m. `Kranich' und `Krahn';
gall. tarvos trigaranos (Inschr. über einem Stier mit drei Vögeln auf dem Rücken); cymr. corn.bret. garan (*gerenos) `Kranich';
ahd. kranuh (-ih), ags. cranoc, cornuc, mnd. kranek m. (*grǝnug-);
ags. cran, asächs. krano, mhd. krane, nhd. Krahn (*grǝnon-) m.; dazu aisl. trani `Kranich' (mit t- statt k- nach trami `böser Geist');
lit. garnỹs m. `Reiher, Storch' (*gor-n-i̯os); lett. gārns m. `Reiher'.
3. Mit Formans -ōu- : -ū-:
lat. grūs, Gen. gruis f. (später auch m.), davon gruere vom Kranichruf;
nhd. westfäl. krūne `Kranich'; s. unten ahd. kron;
lit. gérvė, lett. dzer̃ve, apr. gerwe f. `Kranich' (*gerǝu̯i̯ā);
russ.-ksl. žeravь m. (*gerōu̯i̯os), skr. žȅrâv, wruss. žórou̯ (Gen. žórau̯la); daneben skr. ždrâlj (aus *žьravlь) und russ. žurávlь (Gen. žuravljá).
C. Von derselben ōu-: ǝu-: ū-Erweiterung auch ahd. krōn `geschwätzig', ndd. krӧ̄len (*krauljan) `laut schreien', holl. kruilen `rucksen, girren', krollen `wie Katzen schreien', mnd. krūschen `kreischen'.
Mit i-Erweiterung redupl. lat. gingrīre `schnattern, bes. von Gänsen';
vielleicht (?) hierher griech. γίγγρᾱς, γίγγρος m. `phönizische Flöte' usw.;
mir. grith, cymr. gryd `Schrei' (*gri-tu-s), mir. grinnigud `grincement (des flèches)' (*gri-n-d-);
mhd. krīschen `kreischen', mnd. krīten `schreien, heulen', mhd. krīen `scharf schreien', nhd. kreißen, mhd. krīsten, nhd. kreisten.
D. grā- in wgerm. nord. *krā- (mit nicht zu ō gewandeltem alten ā durch neuerliche Nachahmung des a-farbigen Rabengekrächzes): ahd. krāen, nhd. krähen, mnd. kreien, ags. crāwan ds., ahd. hanacrāt `Hahnenschrei', ahd. krā(w)a, krāia, nhd. Krähe, as. krāia, ags. crāwe ds., lit. grioju, russ.-ksl. grajǫ, grajati `krächzen'.
Mit Gutturalerweiterung:
anord. krāka `Krähe', krākr `Rabe', ags. *crācian, cracettan `krächzen (vom Raben)', nhd. krächzen; germ. -k- aus idg. -g wegen nir. grāg `Gekrächz' (*grāggo-); mnd. krakelen `garrire'.
Mit idg. k-: lat. grāculus `Dohle', gracillō, -āre `gackern (von Hühnern)';
ahd. kragil, mhd. kregel `geschwätzig', ahd. kragilōn `schwatzen', mhd. kragelen, kregeln `gackern';
russ.-ksl. graču, grakati `krächzen', grъkati `girren (von der Taube)'.
E. Mit formantischem -g-, und von andern Gehörseindrücken:
ai. garjati `tost, brüllt, brummt';
arm. karkač `Lärm';
ags. cracian, cearcian `erschallen', ahd. krāhhon `krachen';
lit. gìrgždžiu, girgždė́ti `knarren'.
Dazu vielleicht russ. gróchot `Lärm, Krachen, lautes Lachen' u. dgl. als jüngere Schallnachahmung.
References: WP. I 591 ff., WH. I 583, 601 f., 615, 624, Specht Dekl. 48, Trautmann 87, 94.
Pages: 383-385
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *gā̀ŕV
Meaning: wild goose
Russian meaning: дикий гусь
Comments: EAS 113, Poppe 18, Цинциус 1972, 6, АПиПЯЯ 80, Лексика 171, TMN 3, 387 ("onomatopoetisch"). The Turk. form is probably contaminated with *Kās == TM *gasa 'crane, duck', which should explain the exceptional preservation of vowel length. See also comments to *ki̯ujilV and *gi̯ằla. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-tung,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *Kāŕ
Meaning: goose
Russian meaning: гусь
Old Turkic: qaz (OUygh.)
Turkish: kaz
Tatar: qaz
Uighur: ɣaz
Azerbaidzhan: Gaz
Turkmen: Gāz
Khakassian: xas
Shor: qas
Oyrat: qas
Chuvash: xor
Yakut: xās
Dolgan: kās
Tuva: qas
Kirghiz: qaz
Kazakh: qaz
Noghai: qaz
Bashkir: qaδ
Gagauz: qāz
Karakalpak: ɣaz
Kumyk: qaz
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-gagx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *gār(u)a
Meaning: 1 owl 2 swan
Russian meaning: 1 сова 2 лебедь
Evenki: gāre 1,2
Even: gār 'a big mythical bird'
Negidal: gaja 1
Literary Manchu: Garu 2
Jurchen: gawr-un (185) 2
Ulcha: Goara(n) 1
Oroch: garua 1
Udighe: gā 1
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-chu,tunget-ulc,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 247
Proto: *karke
English meaning: crane
German meaning: Kranich; Grus grus
Finnish: kurki (gen. kurjen) 'Kranich; Grus grus' ( > Saam. N gur'gi -rg-)
Estonian: kurg (gen. kure)
Saam (Lapp): guor'gâ -ra- (N), kuor'ka (L)
Mordovian: kargo (E), karga (M)
Nenets (Yurak): χārū (O)
Enets (Yen): kori
Selkup: k͔ara (Ta.), k͔ăra (Ke.), k͔ărá, k͔arà (N), kāra (Tur.)
Kamass: kuro, kuruʔju, kuruʔjo
Sammalahti's version: *ku- ?
Addenda: Koib. Куръерокъ; Mot. куроў; Karag. korù
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,uralet-samm2,uralet-add,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *korŋ-
Meaning : crane, heron
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,dravet-bra,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *kork-
Meaning : crane
Tamil : kokku
Tamil meaning : common crane, Grus cinerea; stork, paddy bird
Tamil derivates : kuruku heron, stork, crane, bird, gallinaceous fowl, an_r_il bird
Malayalam : kokku, kokkan, kocca, kuriyan
Malayalam meaning : paddy bird, heron
Malayalam derivates : kuru heron
Kannada : kokku, kokkare
Kannada meaning : crane
Kannada derivates : kukku heron, crane
Tulu : korŋgu
Tulu meaning : crane, stork
Number in DED : 2125
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *kork-
Meaning : heron
Toda : košk
Number in DED : 2125
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-toda,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *kokk-/*koŋ-
Meaning : crane
Telugu : koŋga
Dialectal forms (1) : kokkera
Dialectal forms (2) : kokkarāyi
Additional forms : Also [1] pegguru, [2] begguru (< peru-kuru) adjutant crane
Number in DED : 2125
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-tel_2,telet-tel_3,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *koŋ-/*kok-
Meaning : crane
Kinwat Kolami : koŋga
Parji : kokkal (pl. kokkacil)
Salur Gadba : kokkāle (pl. kokkāsil) "heron"
Kondekor Gadba : kokalin
Additional forms : Also Salur koŋalin (pl. koŋasil) crane
Number in DED : 2125
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kol_kin,kogaet-parji,kogaet-salur,kogaet-s_3,kogaet-addition,kogaet-dednum,
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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *korŋ-, *kok-
Meaning : a k. of bird
Notes : Several roots, hopeleslly contaminated already in PGn.
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-kui,gndet-notes,
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Gondi etymology :
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Proto-Gondi : *korŋ-, *kok-
Meaning : crane; heron
Muria Gondi : kokoḍal "heron, duck"
Maria Gondi : koŋga "crane"
Koya Gondi : koŋga "crane"
Maria Gondi (Lind) : koruku "crane"
Number in DED : 2125
Number in CVOTGD : 870, 874
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_mu,gonet-gondi_ma,gonet-gondi_ko,gonet-gondi_l,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,
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Kui-Kuwi etymology :
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Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *kō̆k-
Meaning : crane
Kui : kohko "paddy bird"
Kuwi (Schulze) : kongi
Tekriya Kuwi : kokoṛa
Notes : All three forms are of different origin: *kōk- in Kui, *kong- in Kuwi_S, *kok- in Kuwi_T. The exact form in PK is impossible to determine, especially seeing that the word is expressive and frequent inter-borrowings between different languages are not excluded.
Number in DED : 2125
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kui,kuiet-kuwi_s,kuiet-kuwi_t,kuiet-notes,kuiet-dednum,
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Brahui etymology :
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Brahui : xāx-ūr
Meaning : demoiselle crane
Number in DED : 2125
braet-meaning,braet-prnum,braet-dednum,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *kʷar(kir)- (?)
Meaning: goose, hen, duck; guinea-fowl; stork, crane
Notes: Cf. HSED 1505 (Sem; CCh; "descriptive stem"); Dolg AAN 20 (WCh and CCh comp. to Sem. *ḳāriʔ- 'partridge'. Cf. Beḍ kwiire, Som goray, Boni korii, koree 'ostrich', Saho gàrya, gàraay, Afar goroyya id.; (?) CCh: Wandala/Mandara Padukwo žírrwe, Uzam žirwe id. (<*girw-?); Arab ǯawraq- 'Struthiocamelus mas' (Freytag) Bla Beja 18 (<*kwir- ~ *garay- ~ *girw-).
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-egy,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-ech,afaset-bed,afaset-scu,afaset-omo,afaset-notes,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 2451
Proto-Semitic: *kurkiy-
Meaning: goose, crane
Akkadian: kurkû 'goose' [CAD k 561], 'eine Haushuhnart (?)' [AHw. 510] (corrected to 'Gans' in the Addenda [ibid. 1568]). The term has been extensively treated in a special study [Landsberger kurkû]. The interpretation of k. as 'hen' (quited widespread in earlier literature and accepted in [AHw.]) appears completely untenable for Landsberger (also comparison of k. to IE terms for 'hen' suggested by von Soden). At the same time, he carefully examines the evidence for tranlating k. as 'crane' (with references to earlier works by Campbell Thompson, Tallquist, Wiseman) but definitely prefers the interpretation 'goose'. As one can deduce from fn. 52, Landsberger regards the WS terms as Akk. loans but finds no argument to explain the meaning shift 'goose' > 'crane'. Cf. also [Salonen Vögel 216ff.].
Judaic Aramaic: kurkǝyā 'crane' [Ja. 625].
Syrian Aramaic: kurkǝyā 'grus' [Brock. 346], [PS 1826].
Mandaic Aramaic: kurkia 'crane' [DM 209].
Arabic: kurkiyy- 'grue' [BK 2 888], [WKAS k 136], [LA X 481].
Geʕez (Ethiopian): kʷarāki, korki 'crane' [LGz. 291].
Notes: According to [Zimmern 51], the Arm. forms are borrowed from Akkadian. The Akk. form, in its turn, is usually regarded as a borrowing from Sum. KUR.GI ([CAD], [AHw.], [LGz.]). In fact, only an Arabism in Gez. can be supported by convincing argumentation: while korki perfectly fits the popular Arb. pronunciation of the classical kurkiyy-, kʷarāki is likely a blend of the sg. kurkiyy- (which alone can account for Gez. kʷǝ-) and the broken pl. karākiyy-. [LGz. 291]: Gez. (< Arb.), Arm., Arb., Akk. (< Sum.).
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-akk,semet-jud,semet-syr,semet-mnd,semet-ara,semet-gzz,semet-notes,
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Berber etymology :
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Proto-Berber: *-kVr-t ~ *ta-karaw
Meaning: 'nestling, young of a bird' 1, 'young of ostrich' 2, 'k. of bird' 3
Ayr: a-krǝt 1, takărăw 3
Ahaggar (Tahaggart): e-kert 2
Tawllemmet: a-kǝrt 1
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-ayr,brbet-ahg,brbet-twl,
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Egyptian etymology :
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Old Egyptian: t_ꜣ
Meaning: junger Vogel (Schwalben, Geier); junges Tier (Pyr)
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *kwar-
Meaning: 'hen' 1, 'bush fowl' 2, 'guinea-fowl' 3
Tangale: kʷar-tɛ ~ kʷatrɛ 3 [JgT]
Polchi: kor̄ǝ 1 [Cs N 226]
Geji: kṓl 1 [Cs N 226]
Guruntum: kōli 2 [Cs: 183]
Buli: kúr 1 [Cs N 226]
Tala: kwor, kor 1 [Cs]
Zul: kṓri 1 [Cs N 226]
Notes: Cf. Montol kier 'hen' (? < *kʷir) [Fp]
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-tng,wchet-pol,wchet-gej,wchet-grn,wchet-bul,wchet-tal,wchet-zul,wchet-notes,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *kʷVr(kʷVr)-
Meaning: 'dove' 1, 'duck' 2 , 'hen' 3
Mbara: kūràkáy 1 [TrMba]
Mandara=Wandala: 3ukulla (-l- <*-r-) 4 [Meek]
Malgwa: kúla 3 [Lr] (-l- <*-r-)
Mofu-Gudur: kwérékwere [BMof] 2
Munjuk: koro [TMnj] 2
Sukur: ta-kur 3 [Meek]
Gude: kúrǝ́kú-tà 1 [Hs]
Gudu: kúrkú-tò 1 [Kr N201]
Nzangi: kurku-te 1 [Kr]
Lame: kòrókú 1 [Kr]
Peve: kuruk 1 [Kr]
Notes: cp.Mlg kú1a [Lr], Bnn kulo=gna 'hen' [Lk: 131]. In both cases -l- may originate from *-r-.
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-mba,cchet-mnd,cchet-zgh,cchet-mof,cchet-mnj,cchet-suk,cchet-gde,cchet-gdu,cchet-nza,cchet-lam,cchet-lpe,cchet-notes,
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East Chadic etymology :
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Proto-EChadic: *kʷVr(kʷir)-
Meaning: 'cock' 1, 'duck' 2, 'hen' 3
Kera: akórkórò 2 [Eb]
Dangla: kókíra 3 [Fd]
Migama: kúkkìrá 1, kókkór 2 [JMig]
Jegu: kókóré 3 [Jg]
Mubi: kúrrí 3 [CLR] Mu
Birgit: kòkóréy 3 [CLR] ́
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-ker,echet-dng,echet-mig,echet-jeg,echet-mub,echet-brg,
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Bedauye (Beja) etymology :
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Bedauye: kaakarret
Meaning: 'hen'
Notes: Bla Beja 15
bedet-prnum,bedet-meaning,bedet-notes,
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South Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-South Cushitic: *karaʔ-
Meaning: 'stork'
Qwadza (Ngomvia): kalaʔeto
Notes: HRSC 262 (comp. to Dah ngára <*nkara 'crested crane' ?)
scuet-prnum,scuet-meaning,scuet-kwz,scuet-notes,
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Omotic etymology :
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Proto-Omotic: *kur-
Meaning: 'crow'
Kafa (Kaficho): kure-ččo
Bworo (Shinasha): Janjero=Yemsa kura
Notes: Lamb Wol 436 (equated to *ḳur-)
omoet-prnum,omoet-meaning,omoet-kaf,omoet-bwo,omoet-notes,
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