Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *qIarqI(a)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: rock

Agul: qIarqI

Comment: Obl. base qIarqIa-. Cf. also Ag. Burk. qerq 'conglomeration of stones'. Attested only in Ag., but having probable external parallels.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *GŏrGV

Meaning: stone

Proto-Nakh: *ʁorʁ

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ʁarʁV (~-o-)

Proto-Lak: ʁurʁa

Proto-Dargwa: *q:arq:a

Proto-Lezghian: *qIarqI(a)

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. An expressive reduplicated root. Some minor irregularities (vowel in Kar. - -i- or -e- would be expected; ʁ in Lak. instead of q:; pharyngealisation in Agul - reflecting a variant *GHŏrGV) are explained both by the root's expressiveness and by contamination with another similar PEC root, *ʁHĕwʁǝ̆ q.v..

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *ʁorʁ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 coarse sand 2 rough, coarse

Chechen: ʁorʁ 1, ʁorʁa 2

Ingush: ʁorʁa 2

Comments: The Chech. and Ing. adjectives go back to PN *ʁorʁ-a(n).

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *ʁarʁV (~-o-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: gravel

Karata: ʁarʁa

Comments: Isolated in Kar., but with reliable external parallels.

Lak etymology :

Lak root: ʁurʁa

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: stone in river

Lak form: ʁurʁa

Comments: 3d class.

Dargwa etymology :

Proto-Dargwa: *q:arq:a

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: stone

Akusha: q:arq:a

Chiragh: q:arq:a

Comments: Cf. also Ur., Tsud. q:arq:a, Kub. q:āq:a etc.

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