Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *q:(ʷ)amV-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: dense

Udi: ʁaIm

Comment: Attested only in Udi, but having probable external parallels.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *Gwǝ̆mV

Meaning: dense

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ʁʷomV- ( ~ -a-)

Proto-Lak: q:uma-

Proto-Lezghian: *q:(ʷ)amV-

Proto-West Caucasian: *ʁʷǝmǝ ( ~ Gʷ-)

Notes: Phonetically the EC-WC parallel is quite satisfactory. As far as the meaning is concerned, for PWC we have to suppose a change *'dense' > 'thick' which seems to be quite motivated.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *ʁʷomV- ( ~ -a-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 dense 2 to be dense

Avar: ʁun-k- 2

Chadakolob: ʁúnka-ra-b 1

Karata: ʁʷamo-b

Comments: A secondary "stem I" with class prefixation is represented in Kar. Tok. -eʁu-b 'dense'. The Av. form has a suffixed -k-.

Lak etymology :

Lak root: q:uma-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: narrow, cramped

Lak form: q:uma-s:a

Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

Proto-West-Caucasian: *ʁʷǝmǝ ( ~ Gʷ-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: thick (of objects with circular surface)

Adyghe: ʁʷǝmǝ

Kabardian: ʁʷǝm

Comments: PAK *ʁʷǝmǝ́. Shagirov's (1,137) attempt to analyse the PAK form as 'board' (PWC *Gʷǝ, not retained in AK) + 'thick' (*mǝ, a root which does not exist) was certainly unsuccessful.

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