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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *χ:Iewa
Meaning: udder
Lezghian: re-ʁü
Tabasaran: χIaw
Agul: X̀aw
Rutul: χIɨw
Tsakhur: χIu
Kryz: ħäwi
Budukh: ħawi
Udi: χIo
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Khl. re-χü, Tab. Khan. χ:Iäw, Ag. Bursh., Burk. X̀aw, Fit. χIaw, Tp. ʕaw; Tsakh. (Tsakh.) χIo, Gelm. χIʷa ( < *χIewa with reduction; this form points to the PL paradigm *χ:Iewa, obl. *χIewä-). Lezg. reflects a form which may point to former changing class prefixes.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *wHenχ_e (~-a)
Meaning: udder
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are regular (except for a rather frequent phenomenon of metathesis in PL and Gin.).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-cez,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *muʁ:u B (~-ʁ-)
Meaning: udder
Tsezi: meʁu
Ginukh: ʁomo
Khvarshi: meʁu (Radzhibov)
Inkhokvari: moʁu
Comments: PTsKh *mu_ʁu; the Gin. form is metathesized.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *burħa
Meaning: udder
Akusha: burħe
Chiragh: burʕa
Comments: Cf. also Ur. burħa, Tsud. burħi.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *wHénχe ( ~ -a)
Meaning: udder; nipple
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *nŏH
Meaning: nipple, breast; suckle
Tibetan: nu to suck, nud, snun to suckle.
Burmese: nǝwʔ breast, milk, LB *hnǝw(ʔ).
Lushai: hnu-tē milk, breast.
Comments: Kham nwīN; Tsangla nu milk; Trung nuŋ1 nipple, breast, milk. Sh. 60; Ben. 100; Peiros-Starostin 216. STEDT 189-201 *s-nǝw-[t/n] (with a variant *n(y)u[k/ŋ]). Cf. PAN *nunuH 'breast, milk' (Sag 4).
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-lush,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 乳
Modern (Beijing) reading: rǔ
Preclassic Old Chinese: noʔ
Classic Old Chinese: nó
Western Han Chinese: nwá
Eastern Han Chinese: ńwá
Early Postclassic Chinese: ńwó
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ńwó
Late Postclassic Chinese: ńwó
Middle Chinese: ńǘ
English meaning : milk, breast, to feed (a baby) with milk [L.Zhou]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) груди; вымя; сосцы; 2) молоко; 3) кормить грудью; 4) новорожденный, сосунок, детеныш; 5) рожать; высиживать (птенцов)
Comments: For *ń- cf. Xiamen ʒu3, Chaozhou zu3, Fuzhou ü3.
Radical: 5
Four-angle index: 6906
Karlgren code: 0135 a
Vietnamese reading: nhũ
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,
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Chinese Dialects :
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Number: 471
Character: 乳
MC description : 遇合三上噳日
ZIHUI: 0050 0903
Beijing: ẓu 2
Jinan: lu 2
Xi'an: vu 2
Taiyuan: zu 2
Hankou: y 2
Chengdu: zu 2
Yangzhou: lu 2
Suzhou: zü 32
Wenzhou: zi_ 22
Changsha: y 2
Shuangfeng: y 2
Nanchang: з̂ 2
Meixian: ji 3
Guangzhou: jy 22
Xiamen: ʒu 2
Chaozhou: zu 21
Fuzhou: y 2
Shanghai: zü 32
Zhongyuan yinyun: žiu 2
doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,
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Kiranti etymology :
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Proto-Kiranti: *n[u]
Meaning: milk, breast(s)
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-lim,kiret-dum,kiret-yam,
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Limbu dictionary :
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Entry: nu
Grammar: n.
Meaning: 1) breast, nipple; 2) milk
Comments: 1) cf. mǝna-nu, nuse:ʔ 2)\x ku-nu lɔ:n (her-milk exude) She's lactating. limet-prnum,limet-pspeech,limet-meaning,limet-comments,
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Dumi dictionary :
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Entry: nimpho, nim
Grammar: n.
Meaning: human milk
dumet-prnum,dumet-pspeech,dumet-meaning,dumet-comments,
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Yamphu dictionary :
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Entry: nua
Grammar: n.
Meaning: breast(s).
yamet-prnum,yamet-pspeech,yamet-meaning,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *boŋ
Meaning: lower part of a hose; lower bound opening of a hose
Hunza: boŋ
Nagar: boŋ
Comments: Sh. boŋ.
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,buruet-notes,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *ug-ac
Meaning: 1 (female) breast, teat 2 mother's milk 3 step-(-parent, -child) 4 god-(-parent, -child) 5 foster- (-parent) 6 groomsman / bridesmaid 7 master, boss
Bizkaian: ugatz 1, 2, ugaz- 3, ugazaba 7
Gipuzkoan: ugatz 2, ugaz- 3, ugazaba 7
High Navarrese: ugaz- 3
Low Navarrese: ? ugatz 1
Lapurdian: ugatz 1
Baztanese: ugaz- 3
Zuberoan: egüz-3, 4, 5, 6
Comments: In compounds (B, G, AN) ugaz-aita, ugaz-ama, ugaz-[s]eme, ugaz-alaba ‘step-father, -mother, -son, -daughter’; in Z with metathesis of vowels: egüz-áita, egüz-ã́mã, egüts-[s]éme, egüz-alhába, etc.; (B, G) ugazaba ‘boss, master’ < *ugac + *aśa-ba 'ancestor', per Mitxelena. Bsq *ug(a)- = PEC *wHenχa is quite phonetically regular: for Bsq *u- = PNC *wHV- cf. Bsq *urde ‘pig’ (q.v.) ~ PNC *wHārƛ̣wǝ id.; and for Bsq *-g- = PNC *-nχ-, cf. Bsq *lega- ‘gravel’ (q.v.) ~ PEC *ƛ̣ănχwV ‘cobblestone(s)’, and other examples.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-lab,basqet-bzt,basqet-zbr,basqet-comments,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : WVNXV
Meaning : breast, udder
Austric : PAN *nunuH 'breast, milk'
Reference : Sag. 4, GE 54 *nuk. globet-meaning,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-reference,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *nVʕay-
Meaning: breast, udder
Notes: Cf. *ʔa-nwan- 'breast, udder'
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-egy,afaset-cch,afaset-scu,afaset-notes,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 2580
Proto-Semitic: *nVʕay-(t-) ~ *nayaʕ-
Meaning: udder, breast (of an animal)
Judaic Aramaic: nǝyāʕā, nīʕā 'fat-tail, rump, breast of an animal' [Ja 906]; nyʕ 'breast of an animal' [Sok 350]
Syrian Aramaic: nāʕā 'pectus' [Brock 434]
Arabic: nuʕnuʕat- (redupl.) 'gésier, jabot (d'oiseau)' [BK 2 1299]. Cf.a variant root nuɣnuɣ- 'gorge, canal de la gorge; cet endroit du cou du chameau qui remue lorsque le chameau rumine; collier du coq, plumes du cou chez le coq' [ibid. 1303]
Mehri: nǝʔīt 'udder' [JM 278]. Cf. suff. anǝʕyɛ́t-s 'her udder' [ibid.]
Jibbali: naʕét 'udder' [JJ 179]
Soqotri: nǝ́ʕǝh do. [JJ 179]. Leslau quotes níʔiḥ 'pis' [LS 254], where -ḥ must reflect -ʕ devoiced in Auslaut
Notes: *nVʕay-(t-) is likely an underlying form in MSA, and *nayaʕ-, in ARM. Note a meaning shift in ARB; -u- is difficult to explain from the proto-form.
[LS 254]: SOQ, MSA, JUD
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-jud,semet-syr,semet-ara,semet-mhr,semet-jib,semet-soq,semet-notes,
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Egyptian etymology :
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Old Egyptian: ʕnn.t (pyr)
Meaning: 'part of the body'
Notes: The meaning is not definite.
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,egyet-notes,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *anum (<*num 'to milk') OR *'VnV-m 'milk'(-m - suff. of sg.tantum) ?? =140
Meaning: 'milk' 1, 'breast' 2, 'Euter' 3
Logone: ́́éni 1 [Luk: num and num eni 'to milk']
Kusseri: ini 1 [Mo]
Afade: eri 1 [Mo](-r- < *n is regular)
Musgu: àním 2 [CLR ], ánum, anem 1, 2, 3 [Luk :45]
Notes: Cf. Buduma num 'to milk' [Luk], Logone num 'plait, milk',num eni 'to milk'[Luk], Daba nīm: 'to tie, to milk'[Lnhr], Margi lǝ m 'to milk, to twist rope' [Hf:138].
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-log,cchet-kus,cchet-afd,cchet-msg,cchet-notes,
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South Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-South Cushitic: *nyaʕ- @
Meaning: 'breast' 1, 'udder' 2
Qwadza (Ngomvia): nyaʔati (acc. to HRSC 34, *ʕ-> Qdz ʔ-, *ʔ- > 0)
Ma'a (Mbugu): nyawa
Notes: Heine Yaaku 136
scuet-prnum,scuet-meaning,scuet-kwz,scuet-maa,scuet-notes,
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