Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *ḳam(a) ( ~ ƛ̣-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 butter 2 sour cream

Tabasaran: ḳamu 1

Agul: ḳum 2

Comment: Cf. also Ag. Bursh. ḳam 'sour cream'. The Tab. form reflects a *-j-suffix (*ḳamVj). -u- in Ag. (Rich.) probably reflects the old oblique base vocalism in the paradigm *ḳam(a), *ḳomV- (cf. Ag. ḳuma-), later transferred to the direct base.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ḳāmpā ( ~ -ǝ̄)

Meaning: sour cream; butter

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ḳambi / *ḳʷabi

Proto-Tsezian: *ḳima

Proto-Dargwa: *ḳema

Proto-Lezghian: *ḳam(a) ( ~ ƛ̣-)

Proto-Khinalug: ḳen-dä

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. In PA, simultaneously with denasalisation (*-mp- > -b-) the labialisation was transferred to the previous consonant.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *ḳambi / *ḳʷabi

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 sour cream 2 butter 3 cheese

Avar: ḳamá 2

Andian language: č̣ami 3

Akhvakh: ḳʷabi 1

Chamalal: ḳʷab 1

Tindi: ḳʷabi 1

Comments: Cf. also Akhv. Ratl. ḳʷabi, Tseg. ḳobo, Tlan. ḳo.

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *ḳima

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: cheese

Bezhta: ḳima

Gunzib: ḳima

Comments: PGB *ḳima.

Dargwa etymology :

Proto-Dargwa: *ḳema

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 butter 2 sour cream

Akusha: ḳema 1

Chiragh: ḳume 2

Comments: Cf. also Ur. ḳima, Muir. č̣ima 'butter'.

Khinalug etymology :

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