Change viewing parameters
Select another database

Nakh etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Nakh: *(p)s(ɦ)ārV
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: long switch, long branch; wire
Chechen: sāra
Ingush: särg
Comments: In Ing. - a form with the diminutive *-ḳ (cf. also Chech. (Usl.) sārag id.). 6th class in both languages. Since there is no Bacb. reflex, it is impossible to determine whether we deal with PN *s- or *ps-, and whether there was a medial laryngeal. External evidence is in favour of PN *psɦārV.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-comment,

Search within this database


North Caucasian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-North Caucasian: *ć̣ħwǝ̄rǝ
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: hair; switch, long branch
Proto-Nakh: *(p)s(ɦ)ārV
Proto-Avaro-Andian: *č̣urV
Proto-Tsezian: *č̣ur
Proto-Lak: č̣ara
Proto-Lezghian: *č̣aIr
Proto-Khinalug: č̣ar
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are regular.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-comment,

Search within this database


Avar-Andian etymology :

Search within this database
Protoform: *č̣urV
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 horse's hair 2 graft, cutting
Avar: č̣or 2
Andian language: č̣ur 1 (Khaid.)
Comments: Av. paradigm A (gen. č̣óri-l). Khaidakov quotes also Av. č̣ir-iq̇: 'a k. of vermin' lit. "hair-parasite" - probably some dialectal form.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-and,aandet-comment,

Search within this database


Tsezian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Tsezian: *č̣ur
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: women's hair
Gunzib: č̣ur
Comments: The Gunz. form is quoted from Khaidakov, thus not very reliable.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,

Search within this database


Lak etymology :

Search within this database
Lak root: č̣ara
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: hair
Lak form: č̣ara
Comments: 4th class. Cf. Khosr. č̣arā id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,

Search within this database


Lezghian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Lezghian: *č̣aIr
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: hair
Lezghian: č̣ar
Tabasaran: č̣ar
Agul: č̣ar
Rutul: č̣ar
Tsakhur: č̣aIr
Kryz: č̣er
Budukh: č̣er
Archi: č̣aIri
Comment: Obl. base *č̣aIra-, cf. Ag., Rut. č̣ara-, Tsakh. č̣aIra-. 4th class in Tsakh. and Arch., 3d class in Kryz. and Bud. In most languages (except Tsakh. and Arch.) the root also means "goat's wool".

    See Талибов 1960а, 296; Лексика 1971, 105.

lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,

Search within this database


Khinalug etymology :

Search within this database
Khinalug root: č̣ar
North Caucasian etymology: 50
Meaning: hair
Khinalug form: č̣ar
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,

Search within this database


Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ć̣ħwǝ̄rǝ́
Meaning: hair
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
North Caucasian: *ć̣ħwǝ̄rǝ
Basque: *čor̄u
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-basq,

Search within this database


Long-range etymologies :

Search within this database
Borean (approx.) : CVRV
Meaning : hair
Eurasiatic : *sVHrV
Afroasiatic : *ĉaʕVr-
Sino-Caucasian : *ć̣ħwǝ̄rǝ
Reference : ND 2228.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-reference,

Search within this database


Nostratic etymology :

Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *sVHrV
Meaning: hair
Borean: Borean
Altaic: (Mong. sojir)
Uralic: *säɣV-rV ~ *säkrV
Dravidian: GK *sōṛ- 'hair (in beard)'
References: ND 2228 *ŝäɣUŕV 'hair'.
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,

Search within this database


Uralic etymology :

Search within this database
Number: 1865
Proto: *säɣV-rV ~ *säkrV
> Nostratic: > Nostratic
English meaning: hair
German meaning: Haar
Mordovian: (čer (E), šäjär (M) 'langes Haar - rejected by Redei)
Mari (Cheremis): (šar 'Pferdehaar - rejected by Redei)
Mansi (Vogul): šǟr (T) 'Pferdeschweif', sɔ̄̈r (KM), šār (P), sāɣǝr (So.) 'Roßhaar', sa'i̊r (N) 'Haar'
Hungarian: szőr 'Haar' (altung. szér), sörény 'Mähne' (altung. sereńe)
Nenets (Yurak): (tar 'Haar' - rejected by Redei)
Enets (Yen): (tōʔ (Ch.), toʔ (B) - rejected by Redei)
Nganasan (Tawgi): (tarʔ - rejected by Redei)
Selkup: (tar, tare 'Wolle' - rejected by Redei)
Kamass: (ther 'Haar, Wolle - rejected by Redei)
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-nga,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,

Search within this database


Afroasiatic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ĉaʕVr-
Meaning: hair
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
Semitic: *ŝaʕr- 'hair (of body and head)'
Berber: *-zHar <*ĉVHar- 'hair'
Central Chadic: Mofu ẑára, Gisiga ẑara 'feather'. Irreg. voicing of Ch *ĉ-?
East Chadic: *ĉ/čVHVr- 'feather'
Omotic: *saHaR- 'hair'
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-cch,afaset-ech,afaset-omo,

Search within this database


Semitic etymology :

Search within this database
Number: 2214
Proto-Semitic: *ŝaʕr- {} *ĉaʕr-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: hair (of body and head)
Akkadian: šārtu 'hair, hairy skin; eyebrow' OB on [CAD š1 125], [AHw 1191].

    Note a stable -ā- instead of the expected -ē- (<*-Vʕ-). Cf. šuʔru, šūru 'eyebrow' OB, SB [CAD š3 366], [AHw 1287]

Eblaitic: sa-ra-tum, šè-ra-du-um /syaʕratum/ [Fr 180; Kr 35; Bl E No. 28]
Ugaritic: šʕrt 'Wolle' [Aist 312], /šaʕartu/ [Huehner 183]
Hebrew: ŝēʕār 'hair' [KB 1344].

    Possibly an old apophonic plural *ŝiʕar- from sing. ŝiʕr-; may it be reflected in the nomen unitatis ŝaʕărā [ibid. 1345] < *ŝaʕrat- < *ŝiʕrat- (*-i- >-a- before ʕ) ?

Biblical Aramaic: ŝǝʕar (constr.) 'Haar' [KB deutsch 1786]
Judaic Aramaic: sǝʕar, sēʕār (det. saʕrā) 'hair' [Ja 1613]; sʕr [Sok 571]
Syrian Aramaic: saʕrā 'crines' [Brock 488]
Modern Aramaic: MAL saʕra 'Haare' [Berg 78] MLH ṣʕore (pl.) 'Gerste' [J Mlah 198] HRT ṣʔare 'Gerste' [J Hert 199: die sekundäre Emphatisierung'] ṣeʔra 'Liegenhaar' [J Hert 199]
Mandaic Aramaic: sara 'hair' [DM 315]
Arabic: šaʕr- 'cheveux ou poil (chez l'homme)' [BK 1 1237]
Geʕez (Ethiopian): ŝǝʕǝrt 'hair of body or head' [LGz 525].

    -ǝ- of the first syllable is probably from *-a- before ʕ followed by ǝ

Harsusi: ŝōr 'hair, wool' [JH 117]
Soqotri: ŝáʕihor (pl.) 'cheveux' [LS 432] (also [SSL LS 1472]); QALAN-V ŝä́ʕihoer 'poils de chèvre longs' [SSL 4 97]
Notes: ʌ-a- in most languages; as for HBR and GEZ, see below. ETH *ṣagʷar 'hair' (see [LGz 550]) sometimes compared to this root is not related (probably a Cushitism). Note that MHR ŝɛ̄r 'straw' [JM 370], JIB ŝáʕǝr do. [JJ 244] are not explained, as it may seem at a first glance, by a semantic shift 'hair' > 'straw', but rather originate from SEM *ŝaʕ(V)r- 'barley; grass; straw' (cf. [LGz 525]); the two roots are hardly related contrary to what is often assumed, cf. [Militarev Evidence 79] [Fron 43] (*ŝaʕr-(at-) 'capelli' [Holma 3]: AKK,HBR,ARB,SYR,GEZ [KB 1344]:HBR,ARM,EBLA,UGR,AKK,ARB,GEZ [Brock 488]: SYR,ARM,ARB,HBR,AKK,GEZ [LGz 525]: GEZ,ARB,SOQ,HBR,ARM,UGR,AKK [LS 432]: SOQ,ARB,HBR,SYR,GEZ (also ṣǝgʷǝr),AKK
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-akk,semet-ebl,semet-uga,semet-hbr,semet-bib,semet-jud,semet-syr,semet-new,semet-mnd,semet-ara,semet-gzz,semet-hss,semet-soq,semet-notes,

Search within this database


Berber etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Berber: *-zHar <*ĉVHar-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'hair'
Semlal: a-zzär
Seghrushen: a-zzar
Izdeg: a-zzar
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-sml,brbet-sgr,brbet-izd,

Search within this database


East Chadic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-EChadic: *ĉ/čVHVr-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'feather'
Dangla: číré [Fd]'long f.'
Migama: čéèrè [JMig]
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-dng,echet-mig,

Search within this database


Omotic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Omotic: *saHaR-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'hair'
Dizi (Maji): saaru
omoet-prnum,omoet-meaning,omoet-maj,

Search within this database

Select another database
Change viewing parameters
Total pages generatedPages generated by this script
64423934109
Help
StarLing database serverPowered byCGI scripts
Copyright 1998-2003 by S. StarostinCopyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov
Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov