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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *ʔurχal
Meaning: warp
Ingush: urχal
Comments: Attested only in Ing., but having probable external parallels.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-ing,nakhet-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *ʔirχwVr
Meaning: to sew
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Reasons for the -n-conjugation in Av.-And. are not clear (as in a number of other cases); other languages do not have any traces of nasalisation. The root must originally have been prefixless: cf. the Av. form, and the identity of derivates PL *ʔi(r)χʷVra = PN *ʔurχal ( < PEC *ʔirχʷVrV / *ʔirχʷVlV). Therefore class prefixation in most modern languages (as well as prefixation in PD derivates *b-irχVla / *b-arχVrV and *d-irχVla) should be regarded as secondary. The Khin. form miχez is interesting: it may reflect an archaic derivative pattern with the instrumental prefix *m- (< *m-irχʷVrV 'the instrument of sewing'); no other explanation of m- seems to be available in this case.
caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *ʔaχ(ʷ)Vn- ( ~ -q-)
Meaning: 1 to sew 2 to embroider
Avar: úhn- 2
Andian language: =aχon- 1
Comments: The Av. verb has no class prefixes (begins with ʔ-); it is probable that class prefixes in Andian are here secondary.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-and,aandet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: =uruχ:a-
Meaning: to sew
Lak form: =uruχ:a-n
Comments: G. pr. =uru=χ:u-nu. Cf. Khosr. =uruχ:a-n id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *=arχVr- / =urχ-
Meaning: to sew
Chiragh: =arχVr- / =urχ-
Comments: Cf. also derivates: Chir. b-arχare 'thread', (other dialects reflect also *b-i(r)χala 'thread').
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ʔi(r)χʷV(r)
Meaning: 1 to sew 2 thread, thin rope
Tabasaran: =irχ- 1
Rutul: uχur 2
Tsakhur: uχara 2
Kryz: χi 2
Budukh: χiri 2
Comment: The verbal stem is preserved only in Tab. (cf. also Düb. =i=χ- id.). Other languages preserve the basic derivate *ʔi(r)χʷVra 'thread' (with Anlaut reduction in Bud.). The Kryz. form is not quite clear: perhaps it is a reinterpretation of the form *χiri (cf. Bud.) as plural (with a productive suffix -ri), with the back-formation > χi in singular. In Kryz. we also have ruʁ- 'to sew', but this is rather a reflex of PL *ʔirχ:ʷVr- 'to knit, spin' (q.v.), reflecting a merger of two PL roots.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-comment,
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Khinalug etymology :
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Khinalug root: miχez
North Caucasian etymology: 1574
Meaning: needle
Khinalug form: miχez
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,
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