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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *baŁ- ( ~ -l-)
Meaning: 1 shoulder 2 shoulders
Chechen: bel-š 1
Ingush: bel-až 1
Batsbi: bali 2
Comments: 4th class in Chech., Ing., 3d class in Bacb. The Bacb. form is attested only in Kadagidze's dictionary, thus in PN both *-Ł- and *-l- are possible. The Chech.-Ing. form (cf. also Pharch. belǝž, Cheb. bališ, Shar. beliš etc.) is an historical plural. Another suffixed form (built from the same root) is *bal-Vm > Chech. bolam 'shoulder (from neck to arm), Ing. balam 'shoulder'.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *bŭƛ̣V
Meaning: upper part of body; handle
Notes: Correspondences are regular. Abdokov's (1983, 79) comparison of the WC forms with PEC *wĕnƛ̣V 'head; horn' seems less probable.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *buƛ̣V ( ~ -l-)
Meaning: handle (of dagger)
Chamalal: bula
Comments: Attested only in Cham., but with probable external parallels.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-chm,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *buƛ̣V
Meaning: handle
Khvarshi: biƛ̣a (Radzhibov)
Inkhokvari: bɨƛ̣a
Bezhta: buƛ̣o
Gunzib: buƛ̣u
Comments: PTsKh *b[ɨ]ƛ̣a; PGB *buƛ̣u. In PTsKh. -ɨ- is probably < *-u- by dissimilation.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *P(ǝ)ƛ̣́V
Meaning: 1 upper part of back 2 chest, breast
Adyghe: ṗƛ̣a 1
Kabardian: ṗƛ̣a 1
Ubykh: ṗƛ̣ǝ-fá 2
Comments: PAK *ṗƛ̣a. Ub. has a compound with -fa 'front' (see Shagirov 2, 48). Despite Shagirov ibid., the root has of course nothing to do with PWC *Pǝƛ̣́ǝ 'four'.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: =ŏƛ̣V́
Meaning: upper part of body; handle
Comments and references : ? Cf. PST *l[e]ŋ `handle'. [DCE 3 compares Bur. -walda with PC *boLo `neck' which is also not excluded]. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔuĺ- (~x-)
Meaning: shaft, handle
Ket: ūĺ, pl. -eŋ1 (North. ūĺe1)
Yug: ūĺ, pl. -eŋ1
Comments: ССЕ 200. Werner 1, 210 *ul'ǝ.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *bal-, *-wálda
Meaning: 1 place between the shoulders 2 back of the shoulders, upper part of the back 3 back
Yasin: -wáldes 3
Hunza: bálbal 1, bál-gićiŋ 2, -wáldas 3
Nagar: bábal 1, bálgićaŋ 2, -wáldas 3
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *-ba[r]da
Meaning: 1 shoulder 2 middle part of a pig (loin)
Gipuzkoan: sorbalda 1
Lapurdian: sorbalda 1
Baztanese: sorbalda 2
Comments: It is difficult to determine the precise local provenience of this word. Azkue cites it as "common" and cites texts by F.I. Lardizabal (Gipuzkoan: 19th c.) and P.A. Axular (Lapurdian: 17th c.). Trask cites a variant solbarda (EDB), with the liquids in reverse order. Other Bsq dialects use various words for 'shoulder', e.g. ZBR suñ, suñhegi (see *śoin), BZK and GIP sorburu ('head of body'), etc. 'shoulder'. The expected Bsq form is *barda, dissimilated in the compound as sor-balda, or differently as sol-barda. *śor- is considered a stem variant of *śoin (q.v.).
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-gip,basqet-lab,basqet-bzt,basqet-comments,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : HVLV
Meaning : upper part of body; handle
Austric : PAN *pulu 'handle'
Notes : Cf. PVLNV?
globet-meaning,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-notes,
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