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Chinese characters :
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Character: 汙
Modern (Beijing) reading: wū
Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔʷā
Classic Old Chinese: ʔwā
Western Han Chinese: ʔwā
Eastern Han Chinese: ʔwā
Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔōw
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔǝ̄w
Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔǝ̄w
Middle Chinese: ʔo
English meaning : impure, untidy
Russian meaning[s]: 1) стоячая вода; жидкая грязь; грязный; марать, пачкать; 2) осквернять; клеветать; позорить; 3) растлить, обесчестить; 4) алчный; алчность; жадность; коррупция; 5) прийти в упадок; пасть; 6) тусклый, матовый; 7) родимое пятно; синяк; [wù] очистить, отмыть грязь; [wā] 1) заболоченная низина, трясина; 2) яма; копать землю; [yū] согнуться; гнутый; [yú] сокр. Юйшуй (река в провинции Хэнань)
Comments: = 污.
Radical: 85
Four-angle index: 3240
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Gʷā(k)
Meaning: dirt
Tibetan: ãgo (p. gos, ãgos) to dirty, sully oneself.
Kachin: wuʔ2 be unclean, impure, ǝwuʔ2 pollution, defilement.
Lepcha: ko to be muddy, thick (water etc); kă-kju-lă unwashed, dirty, filthy, unclean
Comments: Peiros-Starostin 213.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-kach,stibet-lepcha,stibet-comments,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *=ăʁwV
Meaning: to smear, dirty
sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *=ăʁwV
Meaning: to smear, rub
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are regular.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *ʁa-b-/*ʁa-n- (~-o-)
Meaning: 1 to scratch, scrape 2 to comb
Chamalal: ʁan- 1,2
Karata: ʁab- 1
Comments: Cf. also Cham. Gig. ʁam- 'to scratch; to comb'. Only stem II (*ʁV-) is represented.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-chm,aandet-krt,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *=aχ-
Meaning: to rub
Tsezi: =aħ-
Comments: Attested only in Tsez., but having probable external parallels.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: =u=ʁa-
Meaning: to smear
Lak form: =u=ʁa-n
Comments: G. pr. =u=ʁu-n. Cf. Khosr. =u=ʁa-n id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *č-aʁ-
Meaning: to bleach, whiten
Chiragh: čaʁ- / čejʁ-
Comments: The same verb means in Chir. also 'to close, shut'; this should be probably explained by an original meaning like "to paint over, to seal up". Cf. also (with the Ablaut grade i) Chir. =irʁʷ- / =iʁʷ- 'to scrape, scratch'.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ʔaʁʷV
Meaning: 1 to smear, rub 2 to comb
Rutul: k-a=ʁʷa- 2
Tsakhur: q-a=ʁʷa- 1
Comment: Cf. also Tsakh. h-a=ʁʷa- 'to pull, drag', ǵ-a=ʁʷa- 'to comb'.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-comment,
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