Chinese characters : List with all references

Character: 陷

Modern (Beijing) reading: xiàn

Preclassic Old Chinese: g(h)rǝ̄ms

Classic Old Chinese: g(h)rǝ̄mh

Western Han Chinese: grǝ̄mh (~ ɣ-)

Eastern Han Chinese: grǝ̄mh (~ ɣ-)

Early Postclassic Chinese: gǝ̣̄̀m (~ ɣ-)

Middle Postclassic Chinese: giǝ̣̄̀m (~ ɣ-)

Late Postclassic Chinese: giǝ̣̄̀m (~ ɣ-)

Middle Chinese: ɣạ̈̀m

English meaning : to dig a pit; fall into a pit, get trapped

Russian meaning[s]: 1) упасть в яму, провалиться; погрузиться; обрушиться; 2) занять, оккупировать; оккупированный; пасть (о крепости); 3) погубить; запутать; 4) волчья яма; западня; 5) 30-е число (в телеграммах)

Comments: A later meaning is 'to entrap' > 'to besiege, occupy, harass etc.'. In Viet. cf. also (perhaps as colloquial loanwords) ho`m 'very deep'; hõm 'deep-set, hollow'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 170

Four-angle index: 1042

Karlgren code: 0672 c-d

Vietnamese reading: hãm

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Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Krɨ̄m (~ Q-)

Meaning: fall

Chinese: 陷 *g_rǝ̄ms fall down, fall into; throw down.

Kachin: grum² to fall, with a crash, (H) gjum, khrum id.

Chinese Dialects :

Number: 1324

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 陷

MC description : 咸開二去陷匣

ZIHUI: 7119 1884

Beijing: śian 3

Jinan: śiã 3

Xi'an: śiã 3

Taiyuan: śiɛ 3

Hankou: śian 3

Chengdu: xan 3

Yangzhou: xɛ̃ 3; śiɛ̃ 3 (lit.)

Suzhou: î 32

Wenzhou: ɦa 32

Changsha: xan 31

Shuangfeng: ɣã 32

Nanchang: han 32

Meixian: ham 3

Guangzhou: hām 32

Xiamen: ham 32

Chaozhou: ham 32

Fuzhou: xaŋ 32

Shanghai: iî 32

Zhongyuan yinyun: xiam 3

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