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Chinese characters :
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Character: 葭
Modern (Beijing) reading: jiā
Preclassic Old Chinese: krā
Classic Old Chinese: krā
Western Han Chinese: krā
Eastern Han Chinese: krǟ
Early Postclassic Chinese: kạ̄
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kạ̄
Late Postclassic Chinese: kạ̄
Middle Chinese: kạ
English meaning : reed, sedge, rush
Russian meaning[s]: камыш; камышевая дудочка (флейта)
Radical: 140
Four-angle index: 5992
Karlgren code: 0033 e
Go-on: ke
Kan-on: ka
Japanese reading: ka;ke;ashi
Shijing occurrences: 25.1_, 57.4
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-go,bigchina-kanon,bigchina-jap,bigchina-shijing,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *rā (k-)
Meaning: a kind of rush or shrub
Tibetan: gra-ma a tree or shrub, probably the Tibetan furze, Caragana versicolor.
Burmese: kra bamboo (Luce).
Kachin: lǝkhra3 a variety of bamboo, (H) u-ra the elephant bamboo.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-kach,stibet-comments,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xkērǝ́̆
Meaning: grass, shrub
Comments and references : +
sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *χērǝ̆
Meaning: grass
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are regular.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *χ:VrV
Meaning: grass, hay; potion, poison; powder
Avar: χ:er
Chadakolob: χer
Comments: Av. paradigm C (χ:arí-l, Chad. χirí-l; pl. χ:úr-dul). Cf. also Av. χ:oró 'tops (of plants)', obviously derived from the same root. In Andian cf. perhaps Akhv. χ:ẽda miša 'meadow' (miša 'place'); χ:ẽda can be analyzed as a former plural < *χ:ir(V)-dV.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *rɨχ:ǝ ( ~ -i-,-ʁ-)
Meaning: grass
Bezhta: hiχo
Comments: Bezht. hiχo < jiχo (with a parasitic h-), cf. Bezht. Tlad. riχo 'grass'.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-bzt,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: χ:ara
Meaning: thick stalk of herbaceous plants
Lak form: χ:ara
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *χer
Meaning: 1 rice field 2 meadow
Lezghian: χir 1
Tabasaran: χIar 2
Agul: χIar 2
Comment: Cf. also Tab. Kand. χir, Düb. χIar, Ag. Burk. χer 'meadow'. Pharyngealization in Tab. and Ag. dialects is automatic (before a front vowel); otherwise we would expect Ag. X̀-. Obl. base *χera- (cf. Tab. χIara-, Ag. Burk. χera-).
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-comment,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *haré
Meaning: barley
Yasin: haré
Hunza: harí
Nagar: harí
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *Hor̄i
Meaning: 1 leaf (of a tree) 2 leaf (of maize, cabbage, lettuce) 3 fallen (dry) leaf
Bizkaian: orri 1, or-bel 3
Gipuzkoan: orri 2, or-bel 3
High Navarrese: or-bel 3
Lapurdian: horri 1
Comments: Cf. *ɦorś-to, which Michelena (1961: 368) thought to be a diminitive of *Hor̄i.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-lab,basqet-comments,
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