Chinese characters : List with all references

Character: 慷

Modern (Beijing) reading: kāng

Preclassic Old Chinese: khāŋ

Classic Old Chinese: khāŋ

Western Han Chinese: khāŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: khāŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: khāŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khāŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: khāŋ

Middle Chinese: khâŋ

English meaning : emotion, grief; annoyed

Russian meaning[s]: 1) возбужденный, взволнованный; 2) щедрый, великодушный, широкий (по натуре)

Comments: Attested in the reduplication 慷慨 *khāŋ-khǝ̄ts / 慨慷 *khǝ̄ts-khāŋ.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 61

Four-angle index: 5563

Karlgren code: 0746 m

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Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *khāŋH ( ~ gh-, qh-, Gh-)

Meaning: annoy

Chinese: 慷 *khāŋ emotion, grief; annoyed.

Tibetan: ãkhaŋ to hurt or offend, annoy.

Comments: Somewhat dubious, because the OCh. form is only attested in the reduplication 慷慨 *khāŋ-khǝ̄ts / 慨慷 *khǝ̄ts-khāŋ.

Chinese Dialects :

Number: 1814

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 慷

MC description : 宕開一上蕩溪

ZIHUI: 1988 2309

Beijing: khaŋ 11; khaŋ 2

Jinan: khaŋ 11

Xi'an: khaŋ 11

Taiyuan: kha_̃ 1

Hankou: khaŋ 2

Chengdu: khaŋ 11

Yangzhou: khâŋ 2

Suzhou: kha_ŋ 11

Wenzhou: khuɔ 31

Changsha: khan 2

Shuangfeng: khaŋ 2

Nanchang: khɔŋ 2

Meixian: khɔŋ 2

Guangzhou: khɔŋ 21

Xiamen: khɔŋ 2

Chaozhou: khaŋ 11

Fuzhou: khouŋ 2

Shanghai: kha_̃ 1

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