Chinese characters : List with all references

Character: 膠

Modern (Beijing) reading: jiāo

Preclassic Old Chinese: krīw

Classic Old Chinese: krīw

Western Han Chinese: krjǝ̄w

Eastern Han Chinese: kriǝ̄w

Early Postclassic Chinese: kiẹ̄w

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kạ̄w

Late Postclassic Chinese: kạ̄w

Middle Chinese: kạw

English meaning : to glue together; unite, in unison

Russian meaning[s]: 1) клей; клеить; клейкий; 2) сокр. резина, каучук; 3) сплачиваться; 4) крепкий; упругий; 5) упрямый; 6) сокр. г. Цзяочжоу (Киаочао); порт Циндао

Comments: Regular Sino-Viet. is giao. Besides Viet., borrowed in Khmer ka:w 'glue, gum, paste' and Tai ka:w 'glue'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 130

Four-angle index: 4114

Karlgren code: 1069 s

Vietnamese reading: keo

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Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Kruā

Meaning: learn

Chinese: 膠 *krū, *krūʔ school (cf. also 學 *ghrūk learn; school, *ghrūks teach).

Tibetan: grwa school.

Chinese Dialects :

Number: 2051

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 膠

MC description : 效開二平肴見

ZIHUI: 5231 1439

Beijing: ćiau 11

Jinan: ćiɔ 11

Xi'an: ćiau 11

Taiyuan: ćiau 1

Hankou: ćiau 11

Chengdu: ćiau 11

Yangzhou: ćiɔ 11

Suzhou: ćiä 11 (lit.); kä 11

Wenzhou: kuɔ 11

Changsha: ćiau 11

Shuangfeng: ćiǝ 11

Nanchang: kau 11

Meixian: kau 11

Guangzhou: kāu 11

Xiamen: kau 11 (lit.); ka 11

Chaozhou: ka 11

Fuzhou: keu 11 (lit.); ka 11

Shanghai: ćiɔ 1

Zhongyuan yinyun: kau 1

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