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Chinese characters :
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Character: 鉊
Modern (Beijing) reading: zhaō
Preclassic Old Chinese: taw
Classic Old Chinese: taw
Western Han Chinese: taw
Eastern Han Chinese: ćaw
Early Postclassic Chinese: ćew
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćew
Late Postclassic Chinese: ćew
Middle Chinese: ćew
English meaning : big sickle
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
Karlgren code: 1131 r
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *tā̆w ( ~ d-)
Meaning: knife, axe
Tibetan: sto carpenter's axe.
Kachin: nthu1 a sword.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-kach,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *=āṭwV
Meaning: to cut, knife
Comments and references : In ST cf. additionally *tīw(H) `carve', *dūH `beat, pound', *tu ( ~ -iw) `hammer'. Probably more than one root with *-ṭw-, but reflexes in PNC could have merged. Cf. also *ṭwVnV. [Cf. *=ĭṭV, *=ǟtwV, *=adV].
sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *=āṭwV
Meaning: to cut, hew
Proto-West Caucasian: *ṭʷǝ Notes: Medial -r- is obviously secondary in PD (other languages do not have any traces of it), and may be a remnant of the separate durative morpheme. The root demonstrates the old Ablaut *a / *i. -n-conjugation in the Av.-And. variant *ṭʷVn- may be secondary, or else it may reflect quite a different EC root, whose remnants in other subgroups are possibly Darg. Chir. čer=iṭVn- / čer=ilṭ- 'to skin, cut off skin'; Arch. arṭin- 'to take meat off the bones; to gnaw' (although the semantic difference between Darg. and Arch. forms, on one hand, and Av.-And. forms, on the other, is considerable, and the etymology is only tentative).
See Абдоков 1983, 181.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *χ-āṭ- / *χ-ēṭ-
Meaning: to be torn, break
Chechen: χād- / χēd-
Ingush: χad-
Batsbi: χeṭ-
Comments: PN Ablaut *ā / *ē (but cf. also Bacb. term. χiṭ-). Cf. also Chech. χād-ō, χēd-ō 'to cut'. Historically *χ- is a preverb.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *=aṭʷ- ( ~ -o-)
Meaning: 1 to cut, cut out 2 to chisel out, to dig out
Avar: ƛ:-uṭ- 1
Chadakolob: ƛ-uṭ- 1
Chamalal: =eʎ-uṭ- 1
Tindi: =eƛ:uṭ-1,=aṭʷ-2
Comments: Cf. perhaps also Cham. Gig. =aṭ-ah- 'to break off'. Most languages reflect a compound with some unclear first component. Since in other languages (Udi, PGB) the same root is used for 'to chop, cut' and 'to throw', it seems possible to relate here also Av. ṭam- 'to strew, scatter; drive, let', PA *ṭʷVn- > And. ṭam-, Akhv. ṭon- (Tlan. ṭajn-, Ratl. ṭam-) 'to throw, scatter', Tind., Cham. ṭan-, Kar. ṭam- id. (although reasons for -n-conjugation are not clear). An Andian source is probable for Bezht. Tlad., Khosh. ʎuṭ- 'to cut out'.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *=ǝṭ- / *ṭǝṭ-
Meaning: 1 to break (intr.) 2 to hew, chop 3 to throw 4 broken piece
Tsezi: ṭiṭ- 1 (Radzhibov), ṭiṭu 4
Ginukh: =eṭ- 1
Khvarshi: =iṭ- 1,2 (Radzhibov)
Bezhta: ṭoṭ- 2,3 (Tlad)
Gunzib: ṭǝṭ- 2,3
Comments: PTsKh *=[ǝ]ṭ- / *ṭǝṭ-; PGB *ṭǝṭ- (a reduplicated form; without reduplication cf. Bezht. Tlad., Khosh. =öṭ- 'to dig').
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: l-iṭu-
Meaning: to die, to kill (plur.)
Lak form: l-iṭu-n
Comments: G. pr. l-i=ṭu-nu; cf. Khosr. liṭu-n id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *-arṭ-
Meaning: to cut, to cut out
Akusha: =arṭ-/=irṭ-(Ur)
Comments: Cf. also Kub. =ēṭ- / =uṭ-.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ʔaṭʷɨ-
Meaning: 1 to cut 2 to kill 3 to die (pl.) 4 to throw
Lezghian: aṭa- 1
Tabasaran: kt-a=ṭ- 1
Agul: aṭ- 1
Rutul: h-a=ṭʷa- 1
Tsakhur: ha=aṭa- 3
Kryz: ja=ṭr- 1
Budukh: o-ṭ- 2
Archi: a=ṭa- 1
Udi: bost:un 1,4
Comment: The verb belongs to the strong verbal class in PL. Initial Kryz. j- is probably a preverb (cf. in Bud. o-ṭ- 'kill': jo-ṭ- 'cut', ʕa-ṭ- 'pound, thresh', ʕo-ṭ- 'to push', e-ṭ- 'to cut in small pieces'; also Kryz. q:-o=ṭr-, Bud. q:u-ṭ- 'to hit', Kryz. q:-a=ṭr- 'to mow'). Cf. (for the second vowel) Lezg. praet. aṭu-na, Ag. Bursh. aṭi-s, Arch. dur. =arṭu-r. The Udi form bost:un goes back to *b-ot:-sun.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Khinalug etymology :
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Khinalug root: ṭʷ-i, ṭü-li
North Caucasian etymology: 217
Meaning: to cut
Khinalug form: ṭʷ-i, ṭü-li
Comments: ṭʷ- is the term. aspect, ṭü-li - durative. Cf. also =aṭ- 'to throw'.
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,khinet-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *ṭʷǝ
Meaning: to dig
Adyghe: ṭǝ-n
Kabardian: ṭǝ-n
Ubykh: ṭʷǝ-
Comments: PAK *ṭǝ- (also intrans. *ṭa-); Ub. a-s-ṭʷǝ́-n.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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