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Chinese characters :
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Character: 卷
Modern (Beijing) reading: juàn
Preclassic Old Chinese: kʷrenʔ
Classic Old Chinese: kwrén
Western Han Chinese: kwrján
Eastern Han Chinese: kwrán
Early Postclassic Chinese: kwén
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kwén
Late Postclassic Chinese: kwén
Middle Chinese: kwén
English meaning : to roll, roll over, turn over
Russian meaning[s]: 1) свиток (книга, картина); 2) книга, тетрадь; том; раздел; 3) экзаменационное сочинение; 4) канцелярское дело; [juǎn] сворачивать, см. 捲; [quán] свернутый; скрученный; завитой; изогнутый
Shuowen gloss: 膝曲也.從**.#聲. [431]
Comments: The word occurs only within one rhyming sequence in *-anʔ, but both xiesheng and external parallels are in favour of reconstructing *-enʔ. Used also within the binome 卷耳 *kʷrenʔ nǝʔ 'cocklebur' (Xanthium strumarium) ("bent ears"). Also read *kʷrenʔ-s, MC kwèn (FQ 居倦), Mand. juàn 'reel, coil, volume'; *g(h)ʷren, MC gwen (FQ 巨員), Mand. quán 'be bent, curved, curled; handsome, beautiful'.
In the latter meaning the word is written as 鬈 in Shijing.
In Vietnamese colloquial readings are cuốn, cuộn, quăn, quắn, quặn and quấn; literary (Sino-Viet.) - quyê`n and quyền (the latter - for MC gwen).
Radical: 26
Four-angle index: 7071
Karlgren code: 0226 a
Vietnamese reading: cuốn
Bijiang Bai: kuĩ4
Shijing occurrences: 3.1, 26.3_
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-shuowen,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-bijiang,bigchina-shijing,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *kʷrĕɫH (~ -ia-)
Meaning: roll, surround
Tibetan: ãkhril to wind, coil round, sgril to wind or wrap round, gril a roll, ãgril-ba to be twisted.
Burmese: khrwij(-ram) to surround.
Kachin: khjen2 be wound, as a bandage.
Lushai: ṭial the thread or worm of a screw, a screw.
Lepcha: kjŭl to flow round, to embrace, to hug, to encircle; kjăl to twist round and tie as hair; kil a screw
Comments: Cf. also Burm. krańh to turn out (screws), Jnp. ǝkjin1 roll, as a turban (these two forms can go back to a separate root *krin). Simon 27; Sh. 75; Ben. 80. [Probably related to *k(h)ual q.v.]. stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-kach,stibet-lush,stibet-lepcha,stibet-comments,
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Chinese Dialects :
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Number: 502
Character: 卷
MC description : 山合三去線見
ZIHUI: 0608 1992
Beijing: ćyan 3
Jinan: ćyã 3
Xi'an: ćyã 3
Taiyuan: ćyɛ 3
Hankou: cuan 3
Chengdu: ćyan 3
Yangzhou: ćyî̃ 3
Suzhou: ćiö 31
Wenzhou: ćy 31
Changsha: ćyẽ 31
Shuangfeng: tuĩ 31
Nanchang: ćyɔn 31
Meixian: khian 2
Guangzhou: kyn 31
Xiamen: kuan 2
Chaozhou: kɨŋ 21
Fuzhou: kuɔŋ 31
Shanghai: ćyö 3
Zhongyuan yinyun: kyen 2
doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *gwērV
Meaning: to roll
Comments and references : BCD 25. Cf. *=igwVŕ.
sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *gwērV
Meaning: circle, round, to roll
Notes: An expressive (and rather universal) root; but there is no doubt in its PNC antiquity. Reduplicated forms like Lak. k:urk:ur or PAA *gʷǝrǝgʷǝrǝ may provide a link between this stem and the reduplicated *gīrgwV q.v. See Абдоков 1983, 146.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *gorV-mV (~-u-,-V̄-)
Meaning: a wheel for hitching the plough
Chechen: gurma
Comments: Attested only in Chech., but having probable external parallels.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *gʷirV ( ~ gu-)
Meaning: 1 circle 2 wheel
Avar: gor 1
Akhvakh: goro 1
Karata: guri 2 (Tok.)
Comments: Av. paradigm C~A (pl. góra-l). Cf. also Av. goró ( garí-l, gará-l) 'small ball; hail'; gír- 'to roll'; Kar. Tok. guri-l- 'to roll, whirl'.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-akv,aandet-krt,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *gVr-
Meaning: round
Tsezi: gelmač̣u
Ginukh: gemerdiju
Inkhokvari: gɨrma
Bezhta: gerdijo
Gunzib: gerdu
Comments: An expressive root with somewhat irregular correspondences. PTsKh *gɨr-mV- (with metathesis in Gin.); PGB *ger-.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: k:ur
Meaning: to roll
Lak form: k:ur učin
Comments: A compound verb. With the same root cf. also k:uru -an 'to roll down', k:ur-an 'circle', (with reduplication) k:urk:ur ṭun 'to roll'. An immediate derivate from the same verb is Lak. k:uručaj (Khosr. k:urunčaj) 'round stone, roof roller'. Since PEC *ḳ in tense words > Lak. k:, it is possible, however, that this Lak. word is a result of contamination of PEC *gwērV 'round' and *mVḳ_ɨ̆rV 'roller' q.v.
Lak. k:uručaj > Arch. goroχči 'rolling stone'. Arch. goro-χ:ʷas 'to roll (intr.)', goIroI atis id. (trans.), goIroI 'ball-shaped substance' are also most probably borrowed from Lak. (sometimes with expressive pharyngealization).
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *gʷer ( ~ *k:ʷ-)
Meaning: to roll
Akusha: ger -iḳes
Comments: A compound verb; cf. also Ur. gʷir duqis 'to roll'. In Ak. cf. also gera 'lump, clot', guru 'ball, sphere'.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *k:́ʷǝrǝ (~ k:)
Meaning: 1 ring 2 wreath 3 to roll
Abkhaz: a-gʷǝrgʷǝ́n 2
Abaza: gʷǝrgʷǝr 1
Adyghe: č́ara-zǝ- 3
Kabardian: ǯara-zǝ- 3
Comments: PAT (reduplicated) *gʷǝrǝgʷǝrǝ; PAK *ḱ:ara- (with secondary delabialisation).
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-comment,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *gur-di
Meaning: 1 wagon, cart 2 wheel
Araban: gurdi 1
Bizkaian: burdi 1, burpil 2, (Txorierri) gurdi 1
Gipuzkoan: gurdi 1, gurpil, kurpil 2
High Navarrese: (Lezaka) burdi 1
Comments: A western Bsq isogloss: eastern dialects prefer *organa 'wagon, cart', of uncertain origin. The words meaning 'wheel' are a compound: *gurt- + *bil 'round thing'; cf. Bsq *bil(ibil) 'round', *bil 'round thing'.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-arb,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-comments,
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