Chinese Dialects :

Number: 2396

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 顏

MC description : 山開二平刪疑

ZIHUI: 7346 1902

Beijing: ian 12

Jinan: iã 12

Xi'an: iã 12

Taiyuan: iɛ 1

Hankou: ian 12

Chengdu: ia 12

Yangzhou: î̃ 12

Suzhou: î 12 (lit.); ŋe_ 12

Wenzhou: ŋa 12

Changsha: ŋan 12

Shuangfeng: ŋã 12

Nanchang: ŋan 31

Meixian: ńian 12

Guangzhou: ŋān 12

Xiamen: gan 12

Chaozhou: ŋueŋ 12

Fuzhou: ŋaŋ 12

Shanghai: ŋe_ 32

Zhongyuan yinyun: ian 12

Chinese characters :

Character: 顏

Modern (Beijing) reading: yán

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋrān

Classic Old Chinese: ŋrān

Western Han Chinese: ŋrān

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋrān

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋạ̄n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋạ̄n

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋạ̄n

Middle Chinese: ŋạn

English meaning : the appearance of a face; face, countenance; color

Russian meaning[s]: 1) лицо; цвет лица; выражение; вид; 2) честь; совесть; репутация; 3) цвет, окраска; краска; 4) писать (вывеску, заголовок); 5) Янь (фамилия)

Comments: For *ŋ- cf. Xiamen gan², Chaozhou ŋueŋ², Fuzhou ŋaŋ², Jianou ŋaiŋ², ŋai⁹.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 181

Four-angle index: 8105

Karlgren code: 0199 c

Shijing occurrences: 47.3_

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ŋār

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: face, front side

Chinese: 顏 *ŋrān face, countenance; colour.

Tibetan: ŋar fore- or front-side, forepart, sŋar before, at first.

Kiranti: *ŋä̀n

Comments: Cf. also Magar me-ŋer 'mouth'.

Kiranti etymology :

Proto-Kiranti: *ŋä̀n

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Meaning: front, in front of, face

Sunwar: ŋõj-ti in front of, before

Tulung: ŋaddo (AS ŋaddo) before (of time, space), ŋali face, appearance

Kaling: ŋali appearance, form

Limbu: nā face, nārā countenance

Dumi: ŋājɨ

Kulung: ŋǝ 'mouth', ŋali 'beauty', ŋɔbɔ 'face'

Yamphu: na-ǯik 'face'

Comments: Toba 93 *Ca (for some reason also adding Kal. kwam).

Limbu dictionary :

Entry: na

Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology

Grammar: n.

Meaning: face

Comments: cf. lɔʔmaʔ (6), nara.

Dumi dictionary :

Entry: Na:yɨ

Kiränti etymology: Kiränti etymology

Grammar: n.

Meaning: face (of a woman); dainty, comely, unblemished or beautiful face (of a man or a woman); countenance, visage

Nepali: anuhār

Comments: cf. ko:phu.

Kulung dictionary :

Entry: Nǝ

Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology

Grammar: n.

Meaning: mouth

Nepali: mukh.

Yamphu dictionary :

Entry: najik

Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology

Grammar: n.

Meaning: face.

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ŋwálšV̄

Meaning: face

North Caucasian: *malš_wV

Sino-Tibetan: *ŋār

Yenisseian: *bV(ʔ)sVĺ (~-č-)

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *malš_wV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: slope; muzzle, face

Proto-Nakh: *marš (~-ā-)

Proto-Lak: marš:a

Proto-Lezghian: *maš(a)

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are regular.

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *marš (~-ā-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: muzzle

Chechen: marš

Comments: Isolated in Chech. (obl. base marša-), thus the vowel length is not clear.

Lak etymology :

Lak root: marš:a

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: meadow (on slope of a hill)

Lak form: marš:a

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *maš(a)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 slope 2 muzzle 3 face

Tabasaran: maš 1,2,3

Agul: maš 3 (Bursh.)

Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb. maš id.

Yenisseian etymology :

Proto-Yenisseian: *bVsVĺ (~-č-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: face

Kottish: pičal, pl. pičálaŋ "face, shape"; (Бол.) pičal "forehead"

Arin: upusɨr (Лоск.) "forehead"

Comments: ССЕ 213. Werner 2, 53.

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