Chinese Dialects : List with all references

Number: 250

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 地

MC description : 止開三去至定

ZIHUI: 0966 0578

Beijing: ti 3

Jinan: ti 3

Xi'an: ti 3

Taiyuan: ti 3

Hankou: ti 3

Chengdu: ti 3

Yangzhou: ti 3

Suzhou: di 32

Wenzhou: dei 32

Changsha: ti 32

Shuangfeng: di 32

Nanchang: thi 31

Meixian: thi 3

Guangzhou: tei 32

Xiamen: te 32 (lit.); tue 32; ti 32

Chaozhou: ti 32

Fuzhou: tei 32

Shanghai: ti 32

Zhongyuan yinyun: ti 3

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Chinese characters :

Character: 地

Modern (Beijing) reading: dì

Preclassic Old Chinese: Łhajs

Classic Old Chinese: Łhajh

Western Han Chinese: Łhajh

Eastern Han Chinese: lheh

Early Postclassic Chinese: dhè

Middle Postclassic Chinese: dhè

Late Postclassic Chinese: dhè

Middle Chinese: dì

English meaning : earth

Russian meaning[s]: 1) Земля (планета); земной шар; земной; 2) земля; земельный; участок, угодье, поля; 3) район; место; положение; местный; 4) основа, основание; фон (напр. картины, вышивки); пол, низ; 5) основной характер, природа; степень, качество; [-de] 1) суффикс наречий, вм. 的; 2) суффикс глагольных обстоятельств, вм. �

Comments: MC dì is irregular (*ḍè would be normally expected). Another irregularity is the Siam. loan dhī́, pointing to PT *d- and rather OC *Łaj-s than *Łhaj-s (in RDFS 130 listed as a reflex of an unaspirated consonant).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 32

Four-angle index: 7255

Karlgren code: 0004 |b ́

Vietnamese reading: d_ịa

Jianchuan Bai: ći3

Dali Bai: ći3

Bijiang Bai: ʒ́ĩ2

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Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ƛăj

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: earth, ground

Chinese: 地 *Łhajs earth, ground.

Tibetan: gźi-ma ground, floor.

Burmese: mrij earth, ground, (?) laj-kwaŋh rice field; LB *mlij.

Lushai: lei earth, ground, the world, KC *ŋ-lei.

Comments: Mikir mili ~ meli sand bank; Trung mǝ³-li² earth; Manyak mǝli~mli; Midzhu nai. Sh. 24, 184; Ben. 44. For the Chinese form an alternative comparison with Tib. lder clay also can not be excluded (although it is less probable).

Chinese Dialects :

Chinese characters :

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

North Caucasian etymology :

Nakh etymology :

Tsezian etymology :

Dargwa etymology :

Lezghian etymology :