Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *pic-

Meaning : mad; bile

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *pic-/*puc-

Proto-Telugu : *picc-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *pic-

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *pis-

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *pic-/*puc-

Meaning : mad

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : piccu

Tamil meaning : bile, madness

Tamil derivates : piccan_ madman; fem. picci

Malayalam : piccu

Malayalam meaning : madness

Malayalam derivates : piccan madman

Kannada : peccu, paccu, puccu

Kannada meaning : madness

Kannada derivates : pecca madman

Proto-Nilgiri : *puc

Notes : An unexplainable variation in vocalism occurs here: this is, in fact, the only case of such a variation in the P_C context.

Number in DED : 4142

Nilgiri etymology :

Proto-Nilgiri : *puc

Meaning : anger

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Kota : puc "madness"

Toda : püc

Number in DED : 4142

Telugu etymology :

Proto-Telugu : *picc-

Meaning : madness, silliness, folly; mad, silly, foolish

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : picci

Dialectal forms (1) : picca

Additional forms : Also pisa ignorance, foolishness

Number in DED : 4142

Kolami-Gadba etymology :

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *pic-

Meaning : mad

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Naiki : pisak

Kondekor Gadba : piceṭe "mad woman"

Number in DED : 4142

Gondwan etymology :

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *pis-

Meaning : mad (woman)

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Proto-Gondi : *pis-

Gondi etymology :

Proto-Gondi : *pis-

Meaning : mad

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Maria Gondi (Lind) : pisa "mad woman"

Adilabad Gondi : pisol "(SR) mad woman"

Additional forms : Also (Hislop) pisal id.

Number in DED : 4142

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *bišV ( ~ -č`-)

Meaning: bile

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *bis-(t)lV 'желчь' (Pok. 102)

Altaic: *bŭsi

Uralic: *piša

Dravidian: *pic- (?) (also *paC- green, yellow)

References: МССНЯ 340; ND 1814 *pišV 'gall'.

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *bistl-i-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: bile

Latin: bīlis, -is f. `Galle (als Flüssigkeit)'

Celtic: Cymr bustl `Galle', OCorn bistel `Galle', Bret bestl `Galle' (*bistlo-, bistli-)

Russ. meaning: желчь

References: WP II 111

Pokorny's dictionary :

Number: 170

Root: bis-(t)li-

English meaning: gall

German meaning: `Galle'?

Material: Lat. bīlis (*bislis, alter *bistlis) f. `Galle'; cymr. bustl m., acorn. bistel, bret. bestl (*bis-tlo-, -tli-) `Galle'; gallo-rom. *bistlos (Wartburg).

References: WP. II 111, WH. I 105 f.

Pages: 102

PIE database: PIE database

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *bŭsi ( ~ -o-, -e)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: kidney {}

Russian meaning: почка {}

Turkic: *bögse(k) < *bös-ge(k)

Mongolian: *büse

Tungus-Manchu: *bosa-kta

Comments: A Western isogloss - but cf. also MKor. khòŋ-phắs 'kidney' (khòŋ 'bean'), where phắs is also folk-etymologically analysed as 'bean', but may in fact continue the same Altaic root.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *bögse(k) < *bös-ge(k)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a part of human or animal trunk

Russian meaning: часть туловища

Old Turkic: bögsig 'some part of body (belly?)' (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: bökseg 'woman's breast; upper part of chest' (MK)

Tatar: büksɛ 'belly; bird crop'

Middle Turkic: bökse 'the part of a human or animal body above the waist' (Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: bụksa 'side part of the body below the breast and down to the hip; (dial.) lower part of body'

Chuvash: pǝʷźexe 'crop'

Yakut: böskö-j- 'to appear abdominous'

Tuva: böskek 'bird's breast'

Tofalar: böksek 'bird's breast'

Kirghiz: böksö 'side of body; foot-hill'

Bashkir: bükɵä 'short person (abusive)'

Balkar: böksün 'half of animal carcass'

Comments: EDT 329, VEWT 84, 83, ЭСТЯ 2, 213-214, Лексика 278. Forms without -k meaning 'buttock' or 'lower part of body' are most probably borrowed < Mong. *bögse, having quite different origin (see under *pi̯oko) - although some contaminations were not excluded.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *büse

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: belt

Russian meaning: пояс

Written Mongolian: büse (L 151)

Middle Mongolian: buse (HY 23, SH), busä (IM), busä̆ (MA), būse (Lig.VMI)

Khalkha: büs(en)

Buriat: behe

Kalmuck: büsǝ

Ordos: büse

Dongxian: pišie

Baoan: se

Dagur: bese, buse (Тод. Даг. 126, MD 122)

Shary-Yoghur: pǝsē

Monguor: puʒǝ, busǝ (Huzu)

Comments: KW 69, MGCD 179. Mong. > Evk. buse, see Doerfer MT 94.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *bosa-kta

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: kidney

Russian meaning: почка

Evenki: bosokto

Even: bostъ̣

Negidal: boxokto

Spoken Manchu: bošǝqu, bosǝqu 'kidneys' (92)

Literary Manchu: bosχo

Ulcha: bosoqto

Orok: bosoqto

Nanai: bosoqto

Udighe: bōkto

Solon: bosokto

Comments: ТМС 1, 97. TM > Dag. basarta (Тод. Даг. 125).

Uralic etymology :

Number: 785

Proto: *piša

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: gall > green; yellow

German meaning: Galle > grün; gelb

Mordovian: piže (E), piža (M) 'grün; blau'

Nenets (Yurak): pad́e (O) 'Galle', pad́e jīlaχā 'grün', pad́erāχā 'gallenfarbig, gelb'

Enets (Yen): fóreʔ (Ch.), fódeʔ (B) 'Galle'

Nganasan (Tawgi): fáta

Selkup: pătэ (Ta.), patte, patta (Ke.), pāt, pāte (Ty.) 'Galle', patelča- 'färben'

Kamass: pada 'Galle'

Addenda: Koib. poda; Mot. hadì̮de; Taig. паттанге́ 'grün'

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : PVCV

Meaning : bitter, gall ?

Eurasiatic : *bišV ( ~ -č`-)

Amerind (misc.) : *paska 'bitter' (R 60) [+ A K](? or to Alt. *p`ĕk`V ?); *apati (in fact *paCi) 'liver' (R 435) [+ A K]

Reference : GE 70 *pis.

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