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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *ki-
Meaning : to do, make
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-kon,gndet-pem,gndet-kui,
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Gondi etymology :
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Proto-Gondi : *kī-
Meaning : to do, make, prepare
Betul Gondi : kīānā (neg. kēw-)
Mandla Gondi (Williamson) : kīyānā
Mandla Gondi (Phailbus) : kiyānā
Muria Gondi : kī-
Maria Gondi : kī-
Seoni Gondi : kī-
Maria Gondi (Mitchell) : kiyānā
Maria Gondi (Lind) : kiyānā
Adilabad Gondi : kiyānā (SR)
Durg Gondi : kī-
Additional forms : Also caus. Gondi_Ph kīsahtānā, Gondi_Mu kīh-; Gondi_S kīmuṛ doing
Number in DED : 1957
Number in CVOTGD : 703
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_tr,gonet-gondi_w,gonet-gondi_ph,gonet-gondi_mu,gonet-gondi_ma,gonet-gondi_s,gonet-gondi_m,gonet-gondi_l,gonet-gondi_a,gonet-gondi_d,gonet-addition,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,
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Konda etymology :
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Konda : ki- (-t-)
Meaning: to do, make
Number in DED : 1957
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-dednum,
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Pengo-Manda etymology :
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Proto-Pengo-Manda : *ki-
Meaning : to do, make
Pengo : ki- (-t-)
Manda : ki- (-t-)
Number in DED : 1957
pemet-meaning,pemet-prnum,pemet-pengo,pemet-manda,pemet-dednum,
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Kui-Kuwi etymology :
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Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *ki-
Meaning : to do
Kui : kiva (kit-), giva (git-) "to do, make, perform, cause; n. action, performance"
Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : kepali "to do, make"
Kuwi (Schulze) : kīnai (kitt-), kēpinai, pēkinai "to do, make"
Sunkarametta Kuwi : kēp- (-it-), pēk- (-it-) "to do, make"
Kuwi (Israel) : ki- (-t-), kēp- (-it-), pēk- (-it-) "to do, make"
Additional forms : Also Kui pl. action gipka (gipki-)
Notes : Forms like kēp-, pēk- are secondary, being formed from the fusion of the root *ki- and the p-marker (in this case added certainly to mark the transitivity of the action). Here, in several dialects, it has been reinterpreted as part of the root and therefore the verb itself has shifted to it-conjugation. An interesting type of metathese, the opposite of the famous kepti < pekti in Lithuanian and skeptomai < spektomai in Greek. The voicing in Kui is probably due to kiva being used as an auxiliary verb and thus subject to sandhi.
Number in DED : 1957
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kui,kuiet-kuwi_f,kuiet-kuwi_s,kuiet-kuwi_su,kuiet-kuwi_isr,kuiet-addition,kuiet-notes,kuiet-dednum,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *kej-
Meaning : to do
Proto-South Dravidian: *kej- Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *kej- dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,dravet-bra,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *kej-
Meaning : to do
Tamil : cey (-v-, -t-)
Tamil meaning : to do, make, create, cause; n. deed, act, action
Tamil derivates : ceykai deed, act, action, work, conduct, that which is manufactured; ceyti deed, act, action, occupation, conduct; ceyyal conduct, work; ceyyuḷ, ceyar_kai action; ceyvatu that which ought to be done; ceyal act, action, work, conduct
Malayalam : ceyka
Malayalam meaning : to do, act
Malayalam derivates : ceyal action; ceyti doings, news; ceyyikka to cause to do
Kannada : key, kai, gey
Kannada meaning : to perform, do, make, work; be serviceable, fit
Kannada derivates : keyta, geyta doing, an act; keyme, geyme, gēme doing, work, achievement
Kodagu : key- (keyyuv-, kejj-)
Kodagu meaning : to work
Tulu : gaipini, geyipini
Tulu meaning : to do, fulfil
Number in DED : 1957
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *kej-
Meaning : to do, make
Kota : gey- (gec-), key- (kec-; in a few constructions)
Toda : kɨy- (kɨs-)
Additional forms : Also Kota kek, keky work; Toda kök, kek an art
Number in DED : 1957
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *cē-
Meaning : to do, perform, make, create, (K also) occur, happen, (body of child) grows
Telugu : cēyu
Inscriptional Telugu : kēsiri, kēsina "(Nellore, 6th cent. A.D.) they did, that he did"
Additional forms : Also (K, B) cē̃ta doing, act, action; (Kumārasambhava 10.198) sēgi action
Notes : Note the archaic forms, yet unpalatalized!
Number in DED : 1957
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-tel_inscr,telet-addition,telet-notes,telet-dednum,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *kej-
Meaning : to do
Kolami : kak- (kakt-; also ka- instead of kak- in the present) "to do, make; have sexual intercourse"
Naiki : kak-
Ollari Gadba : key- (ked-, ken-)
Salur Gadba : key-
Notes : Kolami and Naikri forms contaminated with forms like Naikri akk-, see *ā-.
Number in DED : 1957
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-naiki,kogaet-ollari,kogaet-salur,kogaet-notes,kogaet-dednum,
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Brahui etymology :
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Brahui : kanning (kar-, ka-, kē-)
Meaning : to do, make, feign oneself, be able
Number in DED : 1957
braet-meaning,braet-prnum,braet-dednum,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *Kej(w)V
Meaning: to do, to make
Comments: (for PIE cf. also PA *k`ḗja 1022)
References: ОСНЯ 1, 309; ND 840a *keʕi 'make, do' (+Berb. and Kartv. *g- 'build'?); 1949 *q̇oyV 'to heap up, build, make' (indeed 2 roots?). nostret-meaning,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-notes,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *key(w)-, *kyew-
Meaning: to set in motion
Hittite: ki-s- 'werden, geschehen; gemacht werden' (Tischler 585 f)
Tokharian: B śä- 'to set in motion; direct' (Adams 628)
Old Indian: cyávate, part. cyutá- `to move to and fro; go away, retire', cyāutná- m. `animating, promoting'
Avestan: šyaōɵnan. `Tun, Handeln, Wirken', šyaōman- n. `Tat, Werk'
Other Iranian: OPers uṣiyavam `marschierte'
Armenian: čhu `Aufbruch', čhvem `ich breche auf, reise ab', aor. čhogay `ich ging'
Old Greek: kíō, ptz. kiṓn `sich in Bewegung setzen, (weg)gehen'; ipf. met-ekíathe, -thon `folgte(n) nach, auf-, besuchte(n)', ipf. ekíathen Hsch.; kíasthai = keîsthai, kíato = ekineîto Hsch.; kīnéō `in Bewegung setzen, vertreiben, schütteln', kīnéomai̯, kī́nümai̯ `sich bewegen'; kíndak-s = skínaks Hsch., ono-kíndios, -kíndas `Eselstreiber' || séu̯ō, -omai̯, med., aor. séu̯ato, esséu̯ato, act. éssu̯a, sêu̯a, pf. éssümai̯, essǘmeno-, 3 pl. sesǘantai̯, va. epí-ssüto- `einstürmen, herandrängen, eilen, sich beeilen, jagen', act. `(ver)jagen, hetzen, antreiben'; {Bacchyl. sǘei̯ `treibt' - not found!}; *ssowéomai̯ > att. sọ̄̂mai̯, pl. sọ̄̂ntai̯, dor. soṓmǟn, sō̂mai (Hsch.), pf. ptc. essoēménon (Hsch.), act. ipf. sóei̯ `bewege mich rasch oder heftig'; hom. lao-ssóo-s `die Völker zum Kampfe antreibend'; au̯tó-ssüto- `aus eigenem Antrieb', lao-ssóo- `die Mannen antreibend'; sọ̄̂-s m. `(schnelle, aufwärts gerichteee) Bewegung'; ? att. teu̯máomai̯ `errichten, bauen', teu̯tázdō, -omai̯ `sich anhaltend mit etw. beschäftigen, andauernd betreiben'
Slavic: *kɨ̄vātī
Latin: ciō, cīre, cīvī, citum (aber accītus); cieō, ciēre `in Bewegung setzen, erregen, herbeirufen, aufrufen, herforbringen'; citus, -a `rasch, schnell', sollicitus `in völliger Bewegung, stark be unruhigt, besorgt', citō `schnell', citāre `in schnelle Bewegung setzen, vorladen'; cillō, -ere `hin und her bewegen'; cēveō, -ēre, cēvī `wackeln'; cūnctus ( < con-ci-tus) `gesamt, sämtlich; ganz, vollständig, alle'
Russ. meaning: приводить в движение
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-tokh,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-iran,piet-arm,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 864
Root: kēi-
English meaning: to move
German meaning: `in Bewegung setzen, in Bewegung sein'
General comments: (: kǝi- : kī̆-); eu-Basis (z. T. mit n-Infix) kī-(n-)eu-; schwere Basis kiǝ- (: kiē-?)
Material: Gr. κίω `gehe weg, fahre' ist späte Neubildung zum Aor. ἔκιον; Imper. κίε, Partiz. κιών; hom. Präteritum μετ-εκί̄αθε, -θον (ī metr. Dehnung) `folgte nach, durchstreifte', κίατο ἐκινει̃το Hes. (schwere Wz.); όνο-κίνδιος, -κίνδας `Eseltreiber', κίνδαξ `beweglich, εὐκίνητος' (vgl. zur Bildung ἀλίνδω, κυλίνδω);
von kī-n-eu-: gr. κί̄νυμαι `werde bewegt, erschüttert, gehe', κῑνύσσομαι `schwanke hinund her', κῑνέω `setze in Bewegung, treibe' (*κῑνέ-ω);
alb. qoj `wecke, erwecke' (*kiēni̯ō), c̨oj `schicken, senden' (*ds-kój), cys, cyt `reize, necke' (*ter-ki̯u-t-i̯ō), syei, syen (*ki̯u-n-i̯ō) `bestürmen, anfallen' (Jokl Mél. Pedersen 149 f.);
lat. cieō, ciēre (sekundär ciō, cīre) `in Bewegung setzen, rege machen, herbeirufen' (ciēre = idg. ki(i̯)ē-??), citus `schnell', citō, -āre `in Bewegung setzen, kommen lassen, vorladen', solli-citus `ganz, stark bewegt, beunruhigt, in Angst und Gefahr', cunctus (*con-citos) `gesamt, sämtlich'.
Erweiterungen von der einfachen Wurzelform kei- aus:
Mit d (d-Präsens?): vielleicht ir. cid- z. B. in cisse `invecta', Pass. Konj. as-cesar gl. `exseri' (usw., Pedersen KG. II 490 f.), sehr wahrscheinlich got. haitan, ahd. heizan, ags. hātan, as. hētan, anord. heita `heißen (= antreiben), befehlen, anrufen, nennen'; vgl. osset. sīdin `rufen'.
Mit l(o)-Formans: Auf *kē̆i-lo-s `bewegt, wippend' kann beruhen: lit. kíelė, kýlė, lett. ciẽlawa, apr. kylo `Bachstelze', ačech. čilý `lebhaft'; lat. cillō, -ere `bewegen' ist vielleicht nur Grammatikererfindung.
Mit s: ai. cḗṣṭati `bewegt die Glieder, ist in Bewegung', cēṣṭa- n., cēṣṭā `Bewegung, Gebärde'.
Wurzelform ki̯-eu- ohne Nasalinfix:
ai. cyávatē `regt sich, geht fort', av. š(y)avaite `setzt sich in Gang, Marsch', apers. ašiyavam `marschierte', ai. cyautná- n. `Unternehmung, Bemühung', av. šyaoɵna- n. `Tun, Handeln, Wirken', šyaoman- n. `Tat, Werk';
arm. č̣u (= ai. cyuti-) `Aufbruch', č̣vem `ich breche auf, reise ab', Aor. (zum Präs. ert`am) č̣ogay `ich ging' (*ki̯ou-):
gr. σεύω `setze in rasche, heftige Bewegung', Med. `eile, bin erregt' (σεύεται = cyavatē; der Diphthong kann nach den außerpräs. Formen und nach unthemat. σευ̃ται festgehalten sein), hom. ἔσσυτο `eilte', Partiz. Perf. ἐσσυμένος, ἐπί-σσυτος `herandrängend, daherstürmend' (= ai. cyutá- `getrieben', vgl. av. fra-šūta- `in Gang gekommen'), παν-συδίῃ `in Eile'; att. σου̃μαι `bewege mich rasch oder heftig' (*σοόομαι), σύει (Bacchyl.) `treibt', ἐσσοημένον τεθορυβημένον, ὁρμημένον Hes., hom. λᾱο-σσόος `die Völker zum Kampfe antreibend'; att. τευμω̃μαι `betreibe' (vgl. av. šyaoman-); τευτάζω `beschäftige mich anhaltend mit etwas'; eine Dehnstufenbildung wie ai. cyautná-, aber mit geschwundenem u, ist das wohl hierher gehörige σω̃τρον `das hölzerne Rad', ἐπίσσωτρον `Radreifen'.
References: WP. I 361 ff., WH. I 213 f., Schwyzer Gr. Gr. I 679, 686, 745.
Pages: 538-539
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-comments,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *ki ( ~ *k`i)
Meaning: to do, to make
Russian meaning: делать
Comments: KW 223, Владимирцов 260, Poppe 19, ОСНЯ 1, 309. One of the common Altaic monosyllabic verbal stems. In view of the external evidence, -l- in PT is to be regarded as a historical suffix. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *Kɨl-
Meaning: to do, to make
Russian meaning: делать
Old Turkic: qɨl- (Orkh., OUygh.)
Turkish: kɨl-
Tatar: qɨl-
Uzbek: qil-
Uighur: qil-
Azerbaidzhan: Gɨl-
Turkmen: qɨl-
Khakassian: xɨl-
Shor: qɨl-
Oyrat: qɨl-
Chuvash: ǝś-xǝl 'дела́'
Yakut: kɨn-
Dolgan: gɨn-
Tuva: qɨl-
Kirghiz: qɨl-
Kazakh: qɨl-
Noghai: qɨl-
Bashkir: qɨl-
Balkar: qɨl-
Karaim: qɨl-
Karakalpak: qɨl-
Kumyk: qɨl-
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *ki-
Meaning: to do, to make
Russian meaning: делать
Written Mongolian: ki- (L 462) Middle Mongolian: ki- (SH, HYt), ke- (LH), ki- (MA) Khalkha: xij-
Buriat: xe-
Ordos: kī-
Dongxian: kie-
Dagur: xī-, kī- (Тод. Даг. 150), kī-, šī- (MD 183, 216) Shary-Yoghur: gǝ-
Monguor: gi- (SM 135), gǝ- Comments: MGCD 348. Mong. > Evk. ke- id. monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-bao,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-mogh,monget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *kì-túk-
Meaning: to build
Russian meaning: строить
Old Japanese: kjiduk-
Middle Japanese: kìtúk-
Tokyo: kizúk-
Kyoto: kízúk-
Kagoshima: kízúk-
Comments: JLTT 710. The accent in Kyoto and Kagoshima is somewhat aberrant, but old sources and Tokyo point to *kì-. japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *q̇aw- / q̇w-
Russian meaning: быть у кого
English meaning: to be at someone's place; to make;
Georgian: q̇av-, q̇v-, q̇-
Georgian meaning (Rus.): делать, быть, иметь; q̇v-an- 'вести'
Georgian meaning (Engl.): to do, be, have; q̇v-an- 'to lead'
Megrel: 'v-, 'u-, '-
Megrel meaning (Rus.): иметь, вести; 'on-, 'un- 'вести'
Megrel meaning (Eng.): to have, to lead; 'on-, 'un- 'to lead'
Svan: q̇a-, q̇w-, q̇-
Svan meaning (Rus.): иметь, наделять
Svan meaning (Eng.): to have, to endow
Laz: q̇ov-, q̇v-, q̇-
Laz meaning (Rus.): делать, иметь, быть; (q̇)on-, 'on-, jon- 'вести'
Laz meaning (Eng.): to have, to do, to be; (q̇)on-, 'on-, jon- 'to lead'
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 208, 209, 210; EWK 404-406.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-grmean,kartet-egrmean,kartet-meg,kartet-mgmean,kartet-emgmean,kartet-sva,kartet-svmean,kartet-esvmean,kartet-laz,kartet-lzmean,kartet-elzmean,kartet-notes,
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