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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *tum-
Meaning : to sneeze
Proto-Pengo-Manda : *tum- Notes : PG *tuh-k- < *tum-k-; Konda -p- because of the causative form.
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-kon,gndet-pem,gndet-kui,gndet-notes,
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Gondi etymology :
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Proto-Gondi : *tuh-k-
Meaning : to cough, sneeze
Betul Gondi : tuhkānā "to cough (of cattle in the rainy season)"
Mandla Gondi (Phailbus) : tuhkānā "to sneeze"
Muria Gondi : tuh- "to sneeze"
Seoni Gondi : tuhk- "to sneeze"
Koya Gondi : tum "a sneeze"
Maria Gondi (Lind) : tuk_h_ānā "to sneeze"
Additional forms : Also Gondi_Ph tuhk a sneeze
Number in DED : 3336
Number in CVOTGD : 1746, 1763
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_tr,gonet-gondi_ph,gonet-gondi_mu,gonet-gondi_s,gonet-gondi_ko,gonet-gondi_l,gonet-addition,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,
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Konda etymology :
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Konda : tup- (-t-)
Meaning: to sneeze
Additional forms : Also Konda tumbu (pl. tupku) a sneeze
Number in DED : 3336
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-addition,konet-dednum,
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Pengo-Manda etymology :
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Proto-Pengo-Manda : *tum-
Meaning : to sneeze
Pengo : tum- (-t-)
Manda : tum-
Number in DED : 3336
pemet-meaning,pemet-prnum,pemet-pengo,pemet-manda,pemet-dednum,
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Kui-Kuwi etymology :
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Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *tum-
Meaning : to sneeze
Khuttia Kui : tumb- (-it-)
Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : tūhmali
Kuwi (Schulze) : tūminai
Sunkarametta Kuwi : tumm-
Additional forms : Also Kuwi_S tūmu a sneeze
Notes : The vowel is short, as shown by external data; we should note that auslaut verbal -m-, being extremely rare, is treated differently in dialects and often gets free variants (thus, in Kuwi_S there seems to be a variation between the geminated -mm- and the simple -m- plus vowel lengthening).
Number in DED : 3336
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kuttia,kuiet-kuwi_f,kuiet-kuwi_s,kuiet-kuwi_su,kuiet-addition,kuiet-notes,kuiet-dednum,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *tum-
Meaning : to sneeze
Proto-South Dravidian: *tum- Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *tum- Proto-North Dravidian : *tum- dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,dravet-ndr,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *tum-
Meaning : to sneeze
Tamil : tummu (tummi-), tumpu (tumpi-)
Tamil meaning : to sneeze
Tamil derivates : tummu, tummal sneeze, sneezing
Malayalam : tummuka, tumpuka
Malayalam meaning : to sneeze
Malayalam derivates : tumekka (cattle) snort; tuvekka to sneeze, sort
Kodagu : tɨmm- (tɨmmi-), (Mercara dialect) tumm- (tummi-)
Kodagu meaning : to sneeze
Tulu : tumbilụ
Tulu meaning : sneezing, sneeze
Number in DED : 3336
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *tub-
Meaning : to sneeze
Kota : tub- (tuby-)
Toda : tüb- (tüby-)
Number in DED : 3336
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *tumm-
Meaning : to sneeze; n. sneeze
Telugu : tummu
Number in DED : 3336
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-dednum,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *tum-
Meaning : to sneeze
Kolami : tum- (tumt-)
Naikri : tum "a sneeze"
Naiki : tum-
Parji : tumm-
Ollari Gadba : tum-
Salur Gadba : tumm-
Additional forms : Also Parji tumkuḍ a sneeze, sneezing
Number in DED : 3336
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-naikri,kogaet-naiki,kogaet-parji,kogaet-ollari,kogaet-salur,kogaet-addition,kogaet-dednum,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *tum-
Meaning : to sneeze
Kurukh : tumʔnā (tummyas)
Malto : tume
Additional forms : Also KUR tumʔtaʔānā to cause one to sneeze.
Number in DED : 3336
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-kur,ndret-mlt,ndret-addition,ndret-dednum,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *tUmV
Meaning: cold, sneeze
References: Suggested by V. Glumov.
nostret-meaning,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *túmu ( ~ č-, -i, i̯u-o, i̯a-u)
Meaning: cold, snot
Russian meaning: холод, насморк
Comments: A Turk.-Jpn. isogloss.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *dum
Meaning: 1 cold 2 cold, flu
Russian meaning: 1 холодный 2 простуда
Old Turkic: tumlɨɣ 1 (OUygh.), tumaɣu 2 (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: tum, tumlɨɣ 1 (MK), tumaɣu (MK) 2 Turkish: dumaɣ, duma 2, (Osm.) tumlu 1
Tatar: tomaw 2
Middle Turkic: tumaq 2 (MA) Uighur: tumu 2
Turkmen: dümev 2
Khakassian: tɨmo 2
Yakut: tɨmnɨ̄ 1, tumū 2
Dolgan: tɨmnɨ̄ 1
Tuva: dumā 2
Tofalar: tumā 2
Comments: VEWT 498, EDT 503, 505, 506, ЭСТЯ 3, 326, Лексика 14-15, Stachowski 238. Turk. > WMong. tomuɣu, Khalkha tomū 'influenza'. A probable derivative is Turk. *duman 'fog' (ЭСТЯ 3, 295-296, Лексика 33, Stachowski 230), see TMN 2, 568. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uig,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *túm-
Meaning: cold
Russian meaning: холодный
Middle Japanese: tumeta-
Tokyo: tsùmetai
Kyoto: tsúmétà-
Kagoshima: tsuméta-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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