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Gondi etymology :
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Proto-Gondi : *kal-
Meaning : to mix; to join; to get
Betul Gondi : kalītānā "to meet and embrace, greet"
Muria Gondi : kalli- "to get"
Maria Gondi : kalp- "to mix"
Seoni Gondi : kali- "to meet, be obtained"
Koya Gondi : kali- "to meet, join"
Maria Gondi (Mitchell) : kāliyānā "to meet"
Additional forms : Also Gondi_S, Gondi_Ko kalp- to mix
Number in DED : 1299
Number in CVOTGD : 588, 590
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_tr,gonet-gondi_mu,gonet-gondi_ma,gonet-gondi_s,gonet-gondi_ko,gonet-gondi_m,gonet-addition,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,
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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *kal-
Meaning : to meet; to mix (tr.)
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-kon,gndet-kui,
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Konda etymology :
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Konda : kali- (-t-)
Meaning: to meet, come together, be mixed (BB)
Additional forms : Also Konda_BB kalp- to mix (tr.)
Number in DED : 1299
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-addition,konet-dednum,
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Kui-Kuwi etymology :
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Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *kal-
Meaning : to mix
Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : kalhali "to be mixed, mingle"
Kuwi (Schulze) : kalhinai "to be mixed, mingle"
Kuwi (Israel) : kal- (-h-) "to mix together"
Additional forms : Also Kuwi_F kalpali, Kuwi_S kalpinai to mix (tr.); Kuwi_Isr kalp- (-it-) to mix (tr), kalvi ā- to be united together; kalh- (-it-) to copulate
Notes : A rare case where -h- in Kuwi does not represent the original *-p- of the p-conjugation (it is preserved instead, like in ka-lp-ali), but rather is comparable with -b- in Kui verbal nouns (*kalba would be expected should the Kui form be preserved). It may as well result from an affricate, comparable to forms like Kuwi_F injali < *in-. The real causative forms thus look like plural action causatives (cf. also their -it-formed past). However, difference between Kuwi_Isr kal- and kalh- is unclear, except that the second form is certainly secondary.
Number in DED : 1299
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kuwi_f,kuiet-kuwi_s,kuiet-kuwi_isr,kuiet-addition,kuiet-notes,kuiet-dednum,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *kal-(aj-)
Meaning : to be mixed
Proto-South Dravidian: *kal- Proto-North Dravidian : *Kal- dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,dravet-ndr,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *kalǝ-
Meaning : to mix
Tamil : kala (-pp-, -nt-)
Tamil meaning : to mix (intr., tr.), unite in friendship, form friendly or matrimonial alliance with, copulate
Tamil derivates : kalakku joint; kalacu (kalaci-) to mingle (intr.); kalappu cordiality, fraternity, friendship, copulation; kalampakam mixture, combination; kalavu (kalavi-) to mix (intr., tr.); n. joint of the body; kalaval mixing, combining; kalavan_ mixture of various things, medley; kalavi union, combination, sexual union; kalavin_ār friends, relations; kalavai mixture, compound; kalāvu (kalāvi-) to mix, join together, unite
Malayalam : kalaruka
Malayalam meaning : to be mixed, united; mix (tr.), mingle (esp. what is dry)
Malayalam derivates : kalarcca mixture; kalarppu act of mixing, mixture, adulteration; kalaval mixing, intermingling; kalappu the whole, sum
Kannada : kali, kale
Kannada meaning : to join (intr.), be mixed, come together, meet
Kannada derivates : kala state of being joined or mixed, of being promiscuous or various; kalaka, kalka mixture; kalapu a joined or mixed state, a miscellaneous mass; kalasu to mix, mingle; n. mixed or mingled state; kalpisu to join, mix
Kodagu : kala- (kalap-, kaland-)
Kodagu meaning : to knead
Kodagu derivates : (Shanmugam) kalap kneading
Tulu : kalaḍuni
Tulu meaning : to be mixed, kneaded
Tulu derivates : kalaḍāvuni to mix, knead; kalapuni to mingle, knead; kalappu mixed, kneaded; kalaberakè admixture, compound; kalamụ grafting; kalka decoction, infusion of any drug
Number in DED : 1299
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-kodder,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *kalǝ-
Meaning : to mix
Kota : kalv- (kald-) "to knead, mix (solid in water)"
Toda : kas_f- (kas_t-) "to mix (rice and milk, rice and curry), feed (solid food to child)"
Additional forms : Also Kota kalv pair-word with elv bone (i. e. joint); gal gūṛ (gūc-) to join (intr.) in dense mass (or with 1303)
Number in DED : 1299
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *kal-
Meaning : to join (intr., tr.), unite, meet, mix, mingle, copulate
Telugu : kalayu
Dialectal forms (1) : kaliyu
Additional forms : Also kalayika joining, uniting, meeting, union, copulation; kalapu to mix, join, unite, bring together, reconcile; n. mixing, mingling; kalapamu mixing; kalagal(a)vu familiarity, intimacy; kalavaṇṭakamu boiled rice mixed with several ingredients; kalavuḍu to mix, mingle (intr.)
Number in DED : 1299
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-tel_2,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *kal-aj-
Meaning : to be mixed
Kolami : kalay- (kalayt-) "to be mixed (liquids, fluids)"
Naikri : kalay- "to mix (intr.)"
Additional forms : Also Kolami kalp- (kalapt-) to mix (tr.); Naiki kalap- id. (tr.)
Number in DED : 1299
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-naikri,kogaet-addition,kogaet-dednum,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *Kal-
Meaning : to dilute, mix with water or other liquid
Kurukh : khalnā
Notes : Strange aspiration in Kurukh.
Number in DED : 1299
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-kur,ndret-notes,ndret-dednum,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *kalV ?
Meaning: to mix, join
References: ND 873 *kalwV 'together, whole' nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *kala
Meaning: family, gathering
Russian meaning: семья, собрание
Comments: A Tung.-Jpn. isogloss; see also notes to *ki̯ā́du. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kal-
Meaning: 1 clan, family 2 to gather (deer) 3 together
Russian meaning: 1 род, семья 2 собирать (оленей) 3 вместе
Evenki: kalbuldī- 2, Il. kālbe 3
Literary Manchu: χala 1
Comments: ТМС 1, 365, 459-460. The Manchu form was widely borrowed (Sol. xala, Neg. xala, Oroch xala, Ud. xa, Ul., Orok, Nan. χala). tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-man,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *kara
Meaning: clan, family
Russian meaning: род, семья
Old Japanese: kara
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-comments,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVLV
Meaning : all, join (?)
Notes : Probably same as KVLWV.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-notes,globet-reference,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔa-kʷall-
Meaning: all
Berber: Ahaggar tu-klǝ-t 'ê. réunir en masse' or < 'to reap, mow'?
Omotic: Dime wokkil, Hamer kǝlla, Ong akala 'one'
Notes: Cf. EDE I 51
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-egy,afaset-cch,afaset-scu,afaset-dhl,afaset-omo,afaset-notes,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 2677
Proto-Semitic: *kʷall-
Meaning: 'all'
Akkadian: kalû
Arabic: kull
Geʕez (Ethiopian): kʷǝllu
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-akk,semet-ara,semet-gzz,
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Egyptian etymology :
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Old Egyptian: (Pyr.) t_nw
Meaning: 'jeder'
Notes: (EG V 377-9)
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,egyet-notes,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *kal-
Meaning: all, every
Gude: kálà 'every', k. ǝnda 'every person' Hosk. 212
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-gde,
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South Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-South Cushitic: *kil-
Meaning: much
Iraqw (Mbulu): kila 'very much, completely'
Notes: (HRSC 288)
scuet-prnum,scuet-meaning,scuet-irq,scuet-notes,
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Dahalo etymology :
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Dahalo: ʔákkale
Meaning: all
dhlet-prnum,dhlet-meaning,
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