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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *rā-k-
Meaning : to rub
Kolami (Setumadhava Rao) : rāk- "to rub teeth, wash"
Number in DED : 228
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kol_sr,kogaet-dednum,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *arái-
Meaning : to rub two things against each other (> to grind; to launder)
Notes : The entry in DEDR is a perfect example of the frequently witnessed confusion of data: it gives Konḍa rēs- 'to stir and mix, to plate (metals)' as a potential cognate, but later on the same form (rēs-) resurfaces in DEDR 3949 as 'to make plating (of metals)' and still later on in DEDR 4610 as 'to stir, mix' (!!!). This is, of course, due to the fact that proper reflexation of PDR auslaut vocalism in syncopated roots in Gondwan is rather hard to establish. // Present in 4/6 branches.
dravet-meaning,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,dravet-notes,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *arai-
Meaning : to rub, grind
Tamil : arai (-v-, -nt-)
Tamil meaning : to become macerated, worn out
Tamil derivates : (-pp-, -tt-) to grind, pulverize, destroy by rubbing, mash, destroy, clear of seeds, gin; araippu grinding, pulverizing; aravu (aravi-) to torment (cf. Tu.); arakku (arakki-) to rub with the palm of hand or the sole of foot, ruin, cause trouble to; araŋku (araŋki-) to suffer, be destroyed; arantai affliction, trouble; aruvu (aruvi-) to wear away (as a flood erodes a river's banks), afflict
Malayalam : arayuka
Malayalam meaning : to be bruised
Malayalam derivates : aravu grinding; arekka to grind to powder; arappu powdering; araŋŋuka, arakkuka bruising gently to remove the husk by rubbing
Kannada : are (arad-)
Kannada meaning : to grind, pulverize, crush; n. state of being ground, etc.
Kannada derivates : arayisu, arisu to cause to grind, etc.; arata act of grinding; ari to grind on a slab, rub cotton with the feet in cleaning it; (Hav.) araccu to crush; (Hav.) arappu coconut paste
Kodagu : ara- (arap-, arat-)
Kodagu meaning : to grind with roller stone, mix up in a paste in preparing curry spices
Tulu : arepuni, arepini, areyuni, arevuni
Tulu meaning : to pulverize by pounding or grinding, oppress
Tulu derivates : arepāvuni to cause to grind; arepu, arepelụ act of grinding, that which is ground for condiment; areñcuni to rub off, peel, skin; araḍuni to rub
Miscellaneous : IRU re- (ret-) to grind
Notes : Most of the derivative stems can be traced back to *arai- with consonantal extensions. Tamil aruvu 'to wear away' may have appeared under the influence of aruvu 'to flow down (of spring)'.
Number in DED : 0228
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-misc,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *ar[ä]-
Meaning : to sharpen
Kota : arv- (art-) "to grind (chillies)"
Toda : arɵ- (arɵy-)
Notes : In Toda *ar- would be expected; the suffixal -ɵ- is unclear.
Number in DED : 228
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-notes,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *rā-
Meaning : to be rubbed
Telugu : rāyu
Additional forms : Also [1] rācu, [2] r_ācu to rub, grind, smear; rāp-āḍu to rub against each other; [1] rāpiḍi, [2] rāpu, [3] r_āpu, [4] rāpuḍu rubbing, friction, filing; rā-poḍi filings; rāyiḍi rubbing, friction; āku-r_āyi file; ? [1] ragulu, [2] ravulu to be kindled, take fire, burn, flame; ? rā̃ju id., (K. also) (smoke) comes out as an indication of the forming of fire, grieve; [1] aravaralu, [2] ar_avar_alu bits, fragments; aravuḍu a bit, fragment
Number in DED : 228
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *rā- ~ *rē-
Meaning : to rub; to mix
Proto-Pengo-Manda : *rec- Notes : Possibly more than one root involved; unfortunately, Gondwan reflexes of former bisyllabic verbal bases with a vocalic anlaut are quite poorly studied.
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-kon,gndet-pem,gndet-kui,gndet-notes,
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Gondi etymology :
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Proto-Gondi : *rāj-
Meaning : to rub
Koya Gondi : rāy-
Number in DED : 228
Number in CVOTGD : 3024
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_ko,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,
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Konda etymology :
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Konda : rās- (-t-)
Meaning: to plaster (walls), anoint (body or body parts), clean (teeth, etc.)
Additional forms : Also Konda rāsay ā- to apply oil, turmeric, etc., to one's own body; rāspis- to cause to apply oil, plaster
Number in DED : 228
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-addition,konet-dednum,
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Pengo-Manda etymology :
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Proto-Pengo-Manda : *rec-
Meaning : to scrape (tongue with toothstick), sharpen (pencil)
Pengo : rec- (-c-)
Number in DED : 228
pemet-meaning,pemet-prnum,pemet-pengo,pemet-dednum,
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Kui-Kuwi etymology :
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Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *rā- ~ *rē-
Meaning : to rub, wash
Kui : rāga (rāgi-) "to be rubbed, worn by friction, be chafed; n. friction, abrasion, attrition"
Khuttia Kui : rēc- "to rub, smear"
Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : rācali "to clean"
Kuwi (Schulze) : rāca tuh'nai/mlekh'nai "to rub"
Sunkarametta Kuwi : rāc- "to wash (clothes)"
Tekriya Kuwi : rāk- "to rub"
Kuwi (Israel) : rāk- "to rub"
Additional forms : Also Kui rāpka (< rāk-p-; rākt-) to cause to rub together, wear by friction; rēsa (rēsi-) to rub, chafe; n. act of rubbing; Kuwi_S rājinai to launder
Notes : The final consonant (-k-, -g-, -c-) in all these forms reflects older causative / transitive / intransitive suffixes; more complicated is the question of vocalic differences between rā-g-a and rē-s-a, etc. - these indicate that we may actually be dealing with two different roots here.
Number in DED : 228
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kui,kuiet-kuttia,kuiet-kuwi_f,kuiet-kuwi_s,kuiet-kuwi_su,kuiet-kuwi_t,kuiet-kuwi_isr,kuiet-addition,kuiet-notes,kuiet-dednum,
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