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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *panḍ-
Meaning : to ripen
Kolami : panḍ- (panḍt-) "to become ripe"
Kinwat Kolami : pan (pl. panḍl) "fruit"
Naikri : panḍ- "to become ripe"
Naiki : panḍ- (panṭ-) "to be ripe"
Parji : panḍ- "(plant) matures"
Ollari Gadba : paṛŋ(g)- "to become ripe"
Salur Gadba : paḍiŋ- (paṭṭ-) "to become ripe"
Additional forms : Also Kolami panḍip- (panḍipt-) to put to become ripe; panḍuḍ ripe fruit; Naikri panḍe ripe fruit; Naiki panṭa ripe; Parji paṛñ- to ripen; pal ripe fruit, pus; Salur (P) paṛŋ- (hair) to become grey
Number in DED : 4004
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-kol_kin,kogaet-naikri,kogaet-naiki,kogaet-parji,kogaet-ollari,kogaet-salur,kogaet-addition,kogaet-dednum,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *paẓ-, *paẓ-nd-
Meaning : to ripen
dravet-meaning,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,dravet-ndr,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *paẓ-, *paẓ-nd-
Meaning : to ripen
Tamil : paẓu (-pp-, -tt-)
Tamil meaning : to ripen (as fruits, grain), grow mature, arrive at perfection (as in knowledge, piety), become old, come to a head (as a boil), change colour by age, become pale or yellowish (as the body by disease), become flexible, pliant; n. (also paṛuppu) ripeness, yellowness (of fruits), leaf turned yellow with age
Tamil derivates : paẓunu (paẓuni-), paẓun_u (paẓun_i-) to grow ripe, become mellow, mature, be full or perfect; paẓam ripe fruit; paṇṭam fruit
Malayalam : paẓukka
Malayalam meaning : to grow ripe, become well-tempered, suppurate, decay; n. fruit put to ripen
Malayalam derivates : paẓuppu ripening of fruit; paẓuppikka to ripen artificially; paẓam ripe fruit, ripe plantains
Kannada : paṇ
Kannada meaning : to be produced (ripe fruit); n. (also paṇṇu) ripe fruit, ripeness
Kodagu : paṇṇɨ
Kodagu meaning : fruit
Tulu : palkuni, paḷkuni
Tulu meaning : to be very soft (as an overripe fruit), be pliant, flexible
Tulu derivates : parnduni to be ripe, mature, (hair) turns grey; parndāvuni to ripen (tr.); parndụ ripeness, ripe fruit, ripe plantains; ripe, grey; palu ripening (as of fruit), half-ripe; pandaḍè fructification, productiveness of a tree
Miscellaneous : IRU pammu, pāmu ripe fruit
Notes : Apart from the suffixless form *paṛ-, present in most SDR languages except for Kannada and Kodagu, we have to reconstruct a suffixal form *paṛnd- with a vowel-less -nd- suffix. The ensuing cluster *-ṛnd- resulted in: Tamil -ṇṭ- (paṇṭam), Irula -m- (pammu), Kota -ṇ- (paṇ), Toda -m- (pum), Kan. -ṇ- (paṇ), Kod. -ṇ- (paṇṇɨ). Only in some Tulu dialects the old cluster is preserved (parndụ, etc.).
Number in DED : 4004
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-misc,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *paṛ-ǝp-
Meaning : ripe
Kota : paṛv- (paṛd-) "(fruits) become ripe, (boil, sore) opens"
Toda : pošf- (pošt-) "to ripen"
Additional forms : Also Kota paṇ fruit; Toda pum, (in song) pan fruit; pōṣf- (pōṣt-) to yield fruit, (fruit) ripens
Number in DED : 4004
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *panḍ-
Meaning : to ripen, mature, yield, produce, win (in a game); n. fruit, berry; adj. ripe, mature
Telugu : paṇḍu
Additional forms : Also paṇḍincu to ripen (tr.); paṇṭa produce, crop, fruit, ripening; ? palãku to yield fruit, ripen
Number in DED : 4004
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *panḍ-, *paṛ
Meaning : to ripen (fruit); fruit
Proto-Pengo-Manda : *paṛ Notes : Either these are two separate roots or this is a morphological alternation dating back to PDR.
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-kon,gndet-pem,gndet-kui,gndet-notes,
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Gondi etymology :
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Proto-Gondi : *panḍ-
Meaning : to become ripe
Betul Gondi : panḍānā
Mandla Gondi (Williamson) : panḍīnā
Muria Gondi : panḍ- "to become ripe, (hair) to become grey, (leaf) to become yellow"
Seoni Gondi : panḍ- "to become ripe, (hair) to become grey"
Koya Gondi : panḍ- "to become ripe, (hair) to become grey"
Yeotmal Gondi : panḍ- "to become ripe, (hair) to become grey"
Chindwara Gondi : panḍ- "to become ripe, (hair) to become grey"
Additional forms : Also Gondi_W paṇṛtal, Gondi_M panḍta ripe; Gondi_A, Gondi_Mu, Gondi_Ma, Gondi_S, Gondi_Ko panḍ/i/ ripe fruit; Gondi_Tr pandīng sweet, ripe achar berries
Number in DED : 4004
Number in CVOTGD : 2094, 2095
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_tr,gonet-gondi_w,gonet-gondi_mu,gonet-gondi_s,gonet-gondi_ko,gonet-gondi_y,gonet-gondi_ch,gonet-addition,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,
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Konda etymology :
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Konda : paṇḍ-
Meaning: to ripen; (hair) to become grey
Konda (Burrow/Bhattacharya) : paṛu "fruit"
Additional forms : Also Konda paṇḍis- to cause a crop to grow; paṇṭa a crop; year; paṇḍu (pl. paṭku) fruit
Number in DED : 4004
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-konda_bb,konet-addition,konet-dednum,
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Pengo-Manda etymology :
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Proto-Pengo-Manda : *paṛ
Meaning : fruit
Pengo : paṛ (pl. -ku)
Manda : paṛ (pl. -ke)
Number in DED : 4004
pemet-meaning,pemet-prnum,pemet-pengo,pemet-manda,pemet-dednum,
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Kui-Kuwi etymology :
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Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *panḍ-/*pāṛ-
Meaning : fruit
Kuwi (Schulze) : panḍu "ripe fruit"
Sunkarametta Kuwi : pāṛey (pl. -ka)
Kuwi (Israel) : pāṛeyi
Additional forms : Also Kui_Kasi pāṛesi fruit
Notes : It looks like this is a contamination of two originally different PDR roots: *panḍ- 'to ripen' and *paṛ- 'fruit', cf. other data; in most subgroups they have, however, been so much intertwined that the original semantics is indeed hard to determine.
Number in DED : 4004
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kuwi_s,kuiet-kuwi_su,kuiet-kuwi_isr,kuiet-addition,kuiet-notes,kuiet-dednum,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *pān-/*panǯ-
Meaning : to ripen, (boil) festers, have a yellowish appearance (as after a prolonged illness)
Kurukh : pā̃nnā (pańjā)
Malto : pāne
Additional forms : Also KUR pańjkā fruits; MLT pāntre to ripen (tr.), teach manners; panjek, panjeke ripe
Number in DED : 4004
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-kur,ndret-mlt,ndret-addition,ndret-dednum,
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