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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *kaḷ-
Meaning : to take out; to strip
Kota : kaḷv- (kaḷt-) "to take out or scoop out (with finger, stick, beak), flick away dirt from liquid or semi-liquid (e. g. clay)"
Toda : koɫ̣ "without leaves (of tree in winter), half dry, half green (when tree is being killed by stripping bark)"
Additional forms : Also Kota kaḷ weeds
Number in DED : 1373
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-dednum,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *kaḷ-
Meaning : to weed
Tamil : kaḷ (kaṭp-, kaṭṭ-)
Tamil meaning : to weed, pluck
Tamil derivates : kaṭpu weeding; kaṭṭal weeding, plucking off, pulling out; kaḷai (-v-, -nt-) to weed, pull up, pluck out, remove, extirpate, exterminate; n. weeds; kaḷaiñan_ one who weeds; kaḷaivu weeding, stripping off, extirpation
Malayalam : kaḷa
Malayalam meaning : weed, tares
Malayalam derivates : kaḷayuka to get rid of, abolish
Kannada : kaḷe
Kannada meaning : to pull off, remove, destroy; n. weed
Kannada derivates : kaḷacu to remove, pull off, pull out, let drop; (UNR) kaḷubu weeds and grass standing in corn
Kodagu : kaḷe
Kodagu meaning : weeds
Kodagu derivates : ? (Shanmugam) kaḷe to dig; kaḷep digging
Tulu : kalepini, kalepuni
Tulu meaning : to strip off, remove
Tulu derivates : kalevuni to be stripped
Miscellaneous : KOR (M) kaḷe, (T) kale to remove
Number in DED : 1373
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-kodder,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-misc,sdret-dednum,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *kaḷ-
Meaning : to uproot (weeds); to strip
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-bra,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *kal-
Meaning : weeds
Telugu : kalupu
Additional forms : Also (VPK) [1] kalvaṭam, [2] kalsaḍam, [3] kalsuḍu act of weeding (from verb stem kalv-/kals-)
Number in DED : 1373
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
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Brahui etymology :
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Brahui : xall-ing
Meaning : to uproot, gather (vegetables, grass for fodder)
Number in DED : 1373
braet-meaning,braet-prnum,braet-dednum,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ḲaĺV
Meaning: skin
Comments: Or Chuk 345. Nivkh. hal 'кожа человека'.
References: МССНЯ 354. Cf. *kaĺV. ND 1057 *Ḳaĺ[ü] 'skin, film, bark'. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-esk,nostret-chuk,nostret-notes,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *k'el-
Meaning: cover; to cover
Old Indian: śáras- n. `cream, film on boiled milk', śaraṇá- `protecting, guarding, defending', n. `shelter, abode', śárman- n. `shelter, protection, safety'; śā́lā f. `house, mansion, hall'
Old Greek: {kaltǟ́ `Hütte, Scheune, Nest' - not found!}; hom. koleó-n n., att. koleó-s m.`Schwertscheide, Scheide'
Latin: occulō, -ere, -uī, -ltum `verdecken, verbergen'; clam `verhohlen, heimlich, insgeheim'; calim "antiqui dicebant pro clam" (Paul. Fest. 47); cēlāre `verhehlen, verbergen, verheimlichen', color (OLat colōs), -ōris m. `Farbe, Gesichtsfarbe'
Celtic: OIr celim `verberge'; cuile `Keller, Magazin; Küche', MIrr cul `Schutz', culaid `Hülle'; colum, pl. dat. colomnaib `skin, hide', cuilche `Mantel'; Cymr celu `verbergen'
Russ. meaning: оболочка, покров; покрывать
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *xilan- vb., *xuljan- vb., *xulō, *xulísō(n), *xilma-z, *xilmēn
Meaning: cover
Gothic: huljan wk. `cover'; hulistr n. (a) `veil'; *hilm-s (a) `helmet'
Old Norse: hülja wk. `verhüllen, bekleiden'; hjalm-r m. `Helm; Gestell zum Aufbewahren des Heus'
Norwegian: hülja vb.; hjelm
Swedish: hjälm; hölja vb.; dial. hjelm m. `Haferspreu'
Danish: hülle vb.; hjelm
Old English: helan `verbergen'; helust, heolstor `Hülle, Schlupfwinkel, Dunkel'; hulu f. `Schale, Hülse'; helm `Helm; Beschützer'; hyllan
English: hull; helm
Old Frisian: hela; helm
Old Saxon: helan `verbergen'; helm `Helm'; bi-hullian
Middle Dutch: hēlen `verbergen, helen'; helm; hullen
Dutch: helen (verholen); helm m.; hullen
Middle Low German: hēlen; hulse `Hülse'; hüllen; helm
Old High German: helan st. `(Diebstahl, Raub) verheimlichen, Gesetzwidriges begünstigen, decken' (8.Jh.); hulla `Überwurf, Schleier, Übergewand' (9.Jh.); hullen `verhüllen' (9./10.Jh, bi-hullen 8.Jh.); { hulsa }, hulisa (11.Jh.) `Samenkapsel, Schote'; helawa, helwa `Haferspreu'; hala `Hülle, Schale'; helm `Helm' (9.Jh.); halla `tempel'; helī (um 800) `Hülle, Gewand, Schürze'
Middle High German: hüllen wk. 'bedecken, verhüllen'; hülle, hulle wk./st. f. `Umhüllung; Mantel, Kopftuch'; hülse, hülsche wk. f. 'hülse'; heln st. 'geheimhalten, verstecken, verbergen'; hǟl(e) adj. 'verhohlen, verborgen, vergänglich; schlüpfrig, glatt', hǟle st. f. `Verheimlichung'; hëlm, hëlme st./wk. m. 'helm; behelmter krieger'
German: hehlen; Hehl n., m.; hüllen; Hülle f.; Hülse f.; Helm m.
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 890
Root: k̂el-4
English meaning: to conceal
German meaning: `bergen, verhüllen'
Derivatives: k̂oli̯ā, k̂eli̯ā, k̂ēlā f., k̂elos- n. `Verhüllung, Versteck'
Material: Ai. śaraṇá- `schirmend', n. `Schirm, Schutzdach, Hütte', śárman- n. `Schirm, Schutzdach, Decke, Obhut' (: nhd. Helm), dehnstufig (wie lat. cēlō, cella, ahd. hāli) śā́la f. `Hütte, Haus, Gemach', śālá- m. `Einfriedung, Hecke', śālīna- `verlegen' (*versteckt); sehr unsicher ai. śāṭa-m., śāṭī f. `Tuch, Binde'; gr. καλῑά: `Hütte, Scheune, Nest'; κόλυθρος m. `Sack, Tasche'; hom. κολεόν, metrisch gedehnt κουλεόν, att. κολεός `Scheide' (*κολεός; unklar lat. culleus `Ledersack', woraus russ. kulь, poln. kul `Sack', daraus wieder lit. kulìs ds., kulìkas, apr. kuliks `Beutel'); mit Labialerw. καλύπτω `umhülle, verberge', καλύβη `Obdach, Hütte', κέλῡφος n. `Schale, Hülse'; Labial zeigt auch das wohl verwandte mhd. hulft `Köcher' (s. unten);
lat. *cĕlō (= air. celim, ahd. helan) in occulō, -ere `verbergen'; color, -ōris `Farbe' (arch. colōs, eigentlich `Hülle, Außenseite'); dehnstufig cēlō, -āre `verhehlen, verbergen', nominal cella `Vorratskammer, Kammer, Zelle' (wohl mit Konsonantenschärfung für *cēlā = ai. śālā); schwundstufig clam `heimlich' (Akk. eines *clā), clandestīnus `geheim' aus *clam-de; auch osk. kaíla `cellam' (*kaljā);
cilium (seit Plinius) `Augenlid, bes. das untere' und das ältere supercilium `oberes Augenlid' wohl aus *super-keliom `die obere Decke';
air. celim `verberge', cymr. celu `verbergen', air. cuile `Keller, Magazin' und `Küche' (nicht aus lat. culīna, aber in der Bed. davon beeinflußt), mir. luid ar cel `obiit', eigentlich `fuhr zur Hölle'; mir. cul `Schutz', culaid `Hülle' (*colu-), wohl auch colum, Dat. Pl. colomnaib `skin, hide' und cuilche `Mantel' (*kolikiā); mir. clithar m. `Schutz' (*k̂l̥-tu-ro-);
ahd. as. ags. helan `verbergen', woneben von einem Aoristpräsens -hulan, got. hulundi f. `Höhle' (*k̂el̥ntī `die Bergende'), got. huljan, anord. hylja, ahd. hullen `verhüllen', wovon mit germ. Suff. -stra-, got. hulistr n. `Hülle, Decke', anord. hulstr `Futteral'; auf einem alten-es-St. (s. lat. color) beruhen hingegen wohl mhd. hulst f. `Decke, Hülle' und mnd. hulse, ahd.hulsa, hulis `Hülse' (ags. helustr, heolstor `Hülle, Schlupfwinkel, Dunkel' mit germ. Suffixablaut oder allenfalls mit idg. *k̂elu-); vgl. in ähnlicher Bed. ags. hulu f. `Schale, Hülse', ahd. helawa, helwa `Haferspreu', schwed. dial. hjelm m. ds., ahd. hala `Hülle, Schale'; got. hilms, ahd. as. ags. helm `Helm', anord. hjalmr ds., ags. helm auch `Beschützer' (: ai. śarman-; das Wort ist übers Slav. ins Balt. gewandert: lit. šálmas `Helm' usw.); got. halja, ahd. hella, as. hellia, ags. hell f. `Unterwelt, Hölle', anord. hel `Todesgöttin' aus *halja-, idg. *k̂oli̯o-, vgl. finn.-ugr. Koljo `Unterweltsdämon'; nach Szadrowsky (PBrB. 72, 221 ff.) soll germ. *haljō `die Hehlende, das Totenreich' schon früh mit *halljō(n) `Steinplatte' (zu got. hallus `Fels') zusammengeflossen sein; s. auch unter (s)kel- `spalten'; ahd. as. halla, ags. heall `Наllе', anord. hǫll f. `großes Haus' (*kolnā); norw. hulder (Partiz. Pass. f. *hulþī), hulda `Waldelfe', nhd. Frau Holle;
dehnstufig ahd. hāla `das Verbergen', mhd. hǣle `Verheimlichung', anord. hǣli n. `Versteck', ahd. hāli `verhehlend, verhohlen'.
Mit Labialerw.: mhd. hulft, holfte, hulfe, hulftr `Köcher', mnd. hulfte ds. (: καλύπτω); vgl. auch k̂lep-.
References: WP. I 432 f., WH. I 195 ff., 214 f., 226 f.; J. Loth RC. 42, 88 f.
See also: s. auch unter k̂lep- `verheimlichen'.
Pages: 553-554
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-derivative,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-seealso,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *k`ăĺi
Meaning: napless skin, membrane
Russian meaning: шкура без ворса, мездра
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *keĺ
Meaning: 1 skin 2 gall between camel's front legs
Russian meaning: 1 шкура 2 потертость между передними ногами верблюда
Turkmen: kešik 2
Tuva: ke'š 1
Comments: ЭСТЯ 60-61 (joining this root with keš 'quiver' is hardly possible). turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-trm,turcet-tuv,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *kali-sun
Meaning: 1 skin, shell 2 thin skin on penis
Russian meaning: 1 шкура, скорлупа 2 кожица на половом члене
Written Mongolian: qalisu(n) 1 (L 920), qaldaɣan 2 (L 919: qaldaɣa 'penis') Middle Mongolian: qalisu 1 (SH) Khalkha: xaĺs 1
Buriat: xaĺha(n) 1
Kalmuck: xäĺsṇ 1, xaldǝɣǝn 2
Ordos: xalisu 1
Dagur: xalis 1, (Тод. Даг. 173) xalise; halise 'thin skin, dandruff', hajlese, hajse (MD 155, 156) Shary-Yoghur: χalǝsǝn 1
Monguor: xaliʒǝ (SM 151), xalsǝ 1 Comments: KW 162, MGCD 320. Cf. also *kalim, Kalm. xäĺṃ 'bark, skin' (KW 176). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xalu-kta
Meaning: 1 membrane, dandruff 2 birch bark
Russian meaning: 1 мездра, перхоть 2 береста
Evenki: alukta 1
Even: altъ 1
Negidal: alta 1
Literary Manchu: alχuwa 1, alan 2
Orok: χalụqta 1
Nanai: χaloqta 1
Oroch: alukta 1
Udighe: alu, alukta 1
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 234
Proto: *kaĺwV
English meaning: skin, membrane
German meaning: Häutchen, Membran, Schuppe
Finnish: kalvo 'dünne Haut, Häutchen; Star (im Auge)'
Estonian: kale, kalu (dial.) 'Star (im Auge)'
Udmurt (Votyak): kiĺ (S) 'die dünnen, gelben Schuppen an der Rinde der Tannenbäume; Spreu; Schuppen auf dem Kopfe'
Komi (Zyrian): kiĺ (S P PO) 'Kopfkleie, Schinn; oberstes dünnes Häutchen der Birkenrinde'
Khanty (Ostyak): kăĺi̮ (V) 'Grind, Ausschlag, eine Hautkrankheit', χăt́ǝχ (Kr.) 'Schuppe (auf dem Kopf)', χăĺǝp (O) 'Membran, Schuppe'
Mansi (Vogul): khaĺp (T) 'die Schuppen auf dem Kopf', χaĺǝp (So.) 'die weiße Haut auf der Birkenrinde'
Hungarian: hályog (dial. hajag, halyag, hálog) 'Star, Augenstar'
Addenda: Liv. kal̄́G, kal̄G, kal̄́k 'Star im Auge; Schimmel auf dem Bier'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-add,
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Eskimo etymology :
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Proto-Eskimo: *qali-(ʁ-)
Meaning: covering, membrane, to cover
Russian meaning: покрышка, пленка, покрывать
Comments: This root is confused with qarǝ-(ɫi-) 'top, upper part, surface' in CED. Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 274, 275
esqet-prnum,esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-yup,esqet-inup,esqet-newcom,esqet-refer,
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Yupik etymology :
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Proto-Yupik: *qali- (-ʁ-)
Meaning: membrane, pellicle 1, to put on raincoat 2, to cover 3
Russian Meaning: верхняя пленка 1, надевать плащ 2
Sirenik: //qaciʁ-, qaciɣ- [Men., Vakh.] 3, qacǝχ 'grass insole', qalírax 'cloak, rain cape' < Chap ?
Chaplino: qalíʁaq (t) 'upper pellicle of the kidney, raincoat', qalík (t) 'gut raincoat', qalíʁaqā 2
Naukan: qáliʁōʁǝk 'sealskin long mitens', qalíʁūraq 'loft, upper'
Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: qaliq 'outer covering'
Chugach (AAY): qaliq 'blanket', PWS qaliq 'overshoe', qaliʁuat 'quilt'
Koniag (AAY): Kod qaliʁuak du. 'overshoes', AP qaliqaq 'roof'
Central Alaskan Yupik: qaliq 'top layer', qaliqaq, qaliʁnǝq 'roof', qaliʁuaq 'overalls, slipper, sock', cf. qaɫin 'one of two fatty masses on sides of squirrel stomach' (< Inup ?)
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 274, 275, 290
yupet-prnum,yupet-mean,yupet-rmean,yupet-sir,yupet-chap,yupet-nauk,yupet-aay,yupet-chug,yupet-koni,yupet-cay,yupet-ced,
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Inupik etymology :
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Proto-Inupik: *qalǝ-ʁ, *qalli-ʁ-, *qallint
Meaning: outer covering 1, to cover 2, fatty mass around internal organs 3
Russian meaning: покрышка, покрывало 1, покрывать 2, жир на внутренностях 3
Seward Peninsula Inupik: qalliq- 2, [qaliq 'low-lying cloud, like fog']
SPI Dialects: Imaq qálɨq 'bark, fish scale', qālɨq 'fish scale', [qāliq 'cloud lying on mountain']
North Alaskan Inupik: qaliq 'roof covering', qaliʁuaq 1, 'tarpaulin, quilt', qalliq- 2
NAI Dialects: Qaw qaɫɫin, Nu qatliń 3 (on sides of squirrel stomach), B qallisik du. 3 (around bird's kidneys)
Western Canadian Inupik: qaliʁaq- 2, ~ qaliqqit- 'to put on top'
WCI Dialects: Cop qagLe:t* 3 (around kidneys of animal) [Ras.]
Greenlandic Inupik: qaliq 'table cloth, ribbon for hair top-knot', qaliʁaq 'outer skin of tent, tarpaulin', qalipak, qaliʁuaq 1, 'cloak', qalipaɣ- 'to paint', qaɫɫiʁ- (qagdler-*), [Fab.] kadler-* 2, ~ qaɫɫit (qaɫɫisit pl.) 'twisted sinew thread' ?
GRI Dialects: NG qaliq 'cloth parka' [Holt.], EG qaliʁaq 'outer skin of tent'
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 274, 275, 290
inupet-prnum,inupet-meaning,inupet-rmean,inupet-spi,inupet-spis,inupet-nai,inupet-nais,inupet-wci,inupet-wcis,inupet-gri,inupet-gris,inupet-ced,
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Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *'ǝnkǝ-
Meaning (Rus.): теперь, тогда
kamet-meaning,kamet-chuk,kamet-itel,
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Chukchee-Koryak etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *'ǝnkǝ (-ʒep)
Meaning (Rus.): давно, тогда 1, потом 2
Chukchee: (ʔ)ǝ́nkǝ, (ʔ)ǝnkɛ-tɛ instr., (ʔ)ǝnkɛ-cǝku loc. 1
Koryak: ǝnkǝ-jep (I) 1
Palan: hǝńk(ǝ)-jep, -ǝnkǝjep 1, hǝnki 2
Alutor: ǝnki 1, 2, ǝnkǝ-jàp 1
Comments: Форма loc. от основы 3 лица.
chuket-prnum,chuket-meaning,chuket-chu,chuket-kor,chuket-pal,chuket-alu,chuket-comments,
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Itelmen etymology :
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Proto-Itelmen: *'inki
Meaning (Rus.): теперь
Itelmen meaning: или
West Itelmen: 'inki
West Itelmen meaning: jam, nunc
West Itelmen meaning (Polish): już, teraz
itelet-prnum,itelet-meaning,itelet-itemea,itelet-wit,itelet-witmea,itelet-witmep,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVLV
Meaning : skin
Sino-Caucasian : NC *G_ŏŁV
African (misc.) : Cf. Macro-Khoisan *ƛ̊kχǝ "bark". Notes : Or Chuk 345. Nivkh. hal 'кожа человека'.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-afr,globet-notes,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ḳʷalip- (?)
Meaning: bark
Notes: Problematic data. The Cush. forms may be loans from Eth. Cf. *ḳʷirap- 'bark'.
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-sho,afaset-lec,afaset-wrz,afaset-notes,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 1724
Proto-Semitic: *ḳ(ʷ)alip-
Meaning: scale; shell; (hard) skin; foreskin (?); peel; bark of tree
Akkadian: ḳilpu 'skin, peel (of a fruit)' OB on [CAD ḳ 250], [AHw 921]; ḳuliptu 'scale, scaly skin (of a snake, fish)', tortoise shell; husk, rind, bark, peel' OB on [CAD ḳ 296], ḳulēptu do. [AHw 926]
Judaic Aramaic: ḳalp̄ā, ḳilp̄ā 'split parchment; scaly surface, scab; (pl.) scales' [Ja 1381]; ḳlph, det. ḳlpth 'scab' [Sok 495], ḳlpy, det. ḳlpyth do. [ibid.]
Syrian Aramaic: ḳǝlāpǝtā 'cortex, squama, putamen' [Brock 670]
Modern Aramaic: MAL ḳelfa 'Schale' [Berg 69] HRT ḳelpa 'Schale' [J Hert 196] NASS ḳalpa 'husk, peel, bark' [Tser 1085]
Mandaic Aramaic: ḳlapta, ḳlupta 'shell, carapace, hard casing, hard skin' [DM 413]
Arabic: ḳalafat-, ḳulfat- 'prépuce' [BK 2 805] (cf. ḳilf-, ḳalaf- 'circoncision' [ibid.]); ḳilf- 'écorce d'arbre; peau de la grenade' [ibid.]
Geʕez (Ethiopian): ḳʷǝlfat 2
East Ethiopic: ZWY ḳǝlfi 'bark of tree' [LGur 476]
Mehri: ḳǝlēfūt 'bark of a tree' [JM 230]
Jibbali: ḳiẑifɔ́t 'dried bark of a tree' [JJ 145]
Harsusi: ḳelfēt
Soqotri: ḳalífoh 'écorce' [LS 376]
Notes: Anatomic meanings unseparable from non-anatomic ones (note that only 'bark of a tree' is preserved in ZWY and MSA). The meaning 'foreskin, prepuce' attested in ARB and GEZ (cf. also SYR ḳǝlāpǝtā, for which the meaning 'foreskin' is given in [LGz 427] without reference, not to be found in [Brock] and [Payne-Smith]) is likely to be reconstructed as common SEM.
Note that HBR PB ḳäläp 'split parchment' [Ja 1381], with its cultural meaning only, must be a borrowing from ARM JUD, with its obvious meaning shift from the anatomic to the cultural term.
Cf. derived verbs in AKK ḳalāpu 'to peel, to skin' OA OB on [CAD ḳ 58], [AHw 893]; HBR PB ḳlp 'to scrape, peel, pare' [Ja 1381]; JUD ḳlp do. [ibid.], MND ḳlp 'to remove (outer skin), to shell, peel' [DM 413]; ARB ḳlf 'dépouiller d'écorce (un arbre); circoncire (un garc̣on)' [BK 2 805]; GEZ ḳʷalafa 'to peel, decorticate' [LGz 427] (one wonders whether labialization of ḳʷ- is due to -f-); MHR ḳǝlōf 'to peel (dried sardines); skin (the bark off a tree)' [JM 230], JIB ḳɔ́lɔ́f 'to skin, decorticate; to skin (a dried sardine before eating it)' [JJ 145].
Cf. *gilp-, No. .
[Holma 146]: AKK, HBR PB, JUD, SYR, ARB, GEZ; [LGz 427]: GEZ, ETH, ARB, SOQ, HBR, ARM, AKK; [LS 376]: SOQ, ARB, HBR PB, GEZ, AKK
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-akk,semet-jud,semet-syr,semet-new,semet-mnd,semet-ara,semet-gzz,semet-east,semet-mhr,semet-jib,semet-hss,semet-soq,semet-notes,
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Saho-Afar etymology :
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Proto-Saho-Afar: *kolof-
Meaning: 'bark'
Saho: kolofo
Notes: Irregular *k-. A loan from Eth?
shoet-prnum,shoet-meaning,shoet-saho,shoet-notes,
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Low East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-Low East Cushitic: *ḳolof-
Meaning: 'bark' 1, 'foreskin' 2
Somali: qolof 1
Oromo (Galla): qolofa 2
Konso: qolfa 1
Notes: A loan from Eth?
lecet-prnum,lecet-meaning,lecet-som,lecet-oro,lecet-kon,lecet-notes,
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Warazi etymology :
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Proto-Warazi: *ḳofol-
Meaning: 'bark'
Gawwada (Gawata): qoffol
Notes: Metathesis.
wrzet-prnum,wrzet-meaning,wrzet-gaw,wrzet-notes,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *KV(l)
Meaning: dandruff
Proto-Austroasiatic: kV(l) Austroasiatic meaning: dandruff
Proto-Thai: raŋge.A CK
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-tai,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: kV(l)
Meaning: dandruff
Thai: raŋge.A CK
Proto-Katuic: BRU ʔǝkɨ:l.B
Khmer: ʔǝŋge:
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-thai,aaet-kat,aaet-kmr,
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