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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *navai-
Meaning : to be troubled, to degrade
Tamil : namai (-pp-, -tt-)
Tamil meaning : to vex, trouble
Tamil derivates : navai (-pp-, -tt-) to kill; n. blemish, defect, fault, evil, disgrace, meanness, punishment
Kannada : name, nave
Kannada meaning : to become insignificant in bulk or importance, fall away in flesh, become lean or thin, wear away, become less, become poor
Kannada derivates : navasiga man who harasses, troubles, or torments
Tulu : nameyuni
Tulu meaning : to wear away, become poor
Tulu derivates : nappu injury, degradation
Number in DED : 3598
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-dednum,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *nav- (*-m-)
Meaning : to trouble; to decline
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-ndr,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *nam-
Meaning : to reproach
Malto : name
Number in DED : 3598
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-mlt,ndret-dednum,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ńVmV
Meaning: weak, soft
References: МССНЯ 350, ОСНЯ 2, 86-87. ND 1551 *n̄UʡmV 'pleasant, gentle, fine', 1603 *ńäʡm[o] 'soft' ( + same Sem. in both cases) tries to sort out the reflexes, but hardly convincingly. nostret-meaning,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *ni̯ùmà
Meaning: warm; soft, mild
Russian meaning: теплый; мягкий,нежный
Comments: EAS 76, KW 275, Martin 232 (Jpn.-Kor.), ОСНЯ 2, 86-87, АПиПЯЯ 69, 292, Дыбо 12, Мудрак Дисс. 91. The original meaning must have been 'soft, tender' (generally, or particularly - of weather, fruits etc.). An expressive root with phonetic variation, tending to contaminate with *ni̯ombu 'thin' q. v. (hence vocalic variation in Mongolian and Tungus; but despite Doerfer MT 69 it is hardly appropriate to regard the TM forms as mongolisms). In Mong. cf. also nalmi-gar ( < *namli-gar?) 'excessively soft, weak'. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *jɨm-ĺča-k
Meaning: soft, mild
Russian meaning: мягкий
Old Turkic: jɨmšaq (Orkh.), jumšaq (OUygh.)
Turkish: jumšak
Tatar: jomšaq
Uzbek: jumšɔq
Uighur: jumšaq
Sary-Yughur: jumsaq
Azerbaidzhan: jumšaG
Turkmen: jumšaq
Khakassian: čɨmǯax, nɨmzax
Shor: čɨmža-
Oyrat: jɨmžaq, d́ɨmžaq
Chuvash: śemźe
Yakut: sɨmna-ɣas
Dolgan: hɨmna-gas
Tuva: čɨmčaq
Tofalar: čɨmǯa- 'to become soft'
Kirghiz: ǯumšaq
Kazakh: žumsaq
Bashkir: jomšaq
Balkar: ǯumšaq, žumušaq
Gagauz: jɨmɨšaq
Karaim: jɨmšaq, jɨmšax
Kumyk: jɨmɨšaq
Comments: EDT 938, VEWT 201, ЭСТЯ 4, 252-253, Stachowski 118. The deriving stem *jɨm-ĺča- 'to be soft' is also present in most of the above languages. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *nomu- /*neme- / *nima-
Meaning: gentle, meek, quiet, mild
Russian meaning: спокойный, кроткий, мягкий, нежный
Written Mongolian: nomuqan, nomuj (L 591), nemegün (L 574), nimaɣun Middle Mongolian: nomuqan (HYt), nomuɣan (MA) Khalkha: nomxon
Buriat: nomoj, nomxon
Kalmuck: nomɣǝn, nemǖn
Ordos: nomoxon
Dagur: nomūkuŋ, -n (Тод. Даг. 158: nomxon, nomukan); nomehon (MD 200) Shary-Yoghur: nomxon, nomukan (MGCD nomoGon) Monguor: nomu
Comments: KW 275-277, 279, MGCD 513. The deriving stem is WMong. nom, Kalm. nom 'mildness, friendliness' (KW 279). Mong. > Evk. nomokōn, Man. nomoxon etc., see Doerfer MT 57, Rozycki 164. monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ńume-/ *ńama /*ńem-
Meaning: 1 warm 2 soft 3 quiet 4 weak, loose
Russian meaning: 1 теплый 2 мягкий 3 спокойный 4 слабый, расслабленный
Evenki: ńama, -pču 1, ńemu-me 2, ńumu- 3
Even: ńam 1, ńumъn 3
Negidal: nam, ńamagdị 1, ńamu, nemu 2
Literary Manchu: neme-ri 2
Ulcha: ńama 1
Orok: namauli 1
Nanai: ńǟma, ńama 1, nemu 2, nimeku 'weakness'
Oroch: ńama 1
Udighe: ńamahi 1
Solon: namagdi 1
Comments: ТМС 1, 630-631, 652-653. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *nàmià
Meaning: slippery, smooth
Russian meaning: скользкий, гладкий
Old Japanese: namje
Middle Japanese: nàmè
Tokyo: naméraka
Kyoto: námérákà
Kagoshima: nameraká
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 623
Proto: *ńämV
English meaning: soft
German meaning: weich
Saam (Lapp): nemok (S) 'mollis' ?
Khanty (Ostyak): ńämǝk (V) 'weich; nachgiebig', ńȧmǝk (DN) 'warmes Wetter, Tauwetter', ńamǝk (Kaz.) 'weich, weichhaarig; mild, sanft' ( > Selk. ńami̮k 'weich')
Mansi (Vogul): ńɔ̄̈mkǝm (KU KM) 'weich', ńāmėk (N)
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-saa,uralet-khn,uralet-man,
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