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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *ell-
Meaning : all, whole
Telugu : ella
Additional forms : Also ellavā̃ḍu every man, everyone; ellaru all persons, all men
Number in DED : 844
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *el-
Meaning : all; both
Proto-South Dravidian: *el- dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *el-
Meaning : all
Tamil : ellām
Tamil meaning : whole, all (personal as well as impersonal)
Tamil derivates : ellavarum, ellārum all persons; ellēmum, ellōmum we all; ellīrum you all
Malayalam : ellām, ellāvum
Malayalam meaning : all
Malayalam derivates : ellīrum you all
Kannada : ella
Kannada meaning : all, everything, the whole
Kannada derivates : ellarum all persons
Kodagu : ellā
Kodagu meaning : all
Tulu : -la (? -lā)
Tulu meaning : = additive particle *-um (in all usages)
Number in DED : 0844
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *el-
Meaning : all
Kota : el, elm
Toda : elm (acc. elnm, dat. eltkm) "all (only in songs: noun + ōs + elm)"
Additional forms : Also Toda (rare in prose) el, elm id.; om elom all of us; nɨm elom all of you
Number in DED : 844
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-dednum,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *el
Meaning : both
Kolami : ittar el
Number in DED : 844
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-dednum,
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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *el-
Meaning : all, whole
Notes : The root's local character (Kui) makes it somewhat doubtful; maybe the Kui form is borrowed from Telugu.
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-kui,gndet-notes,
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Kui-Kuwi etymology :
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Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *el-
Meaning : whole
Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : ele'e
Number in DED : 844
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kuwi_f,kuiet-dednum,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *eli
Meaning: sufficient, complete
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,nostret-esk,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *al-
Meaning: all
Latin: ? alers, allers `doctus, eruditus, iners'
Russ. meaning: весь
References: WP I 90
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *al-ja- adj.
Meaning: all
Lithuanian: aliái 'all, jeder, ganz, völlig, ausnahmslos', loc. alda kampẽlī `in jeder Ecke'
Comments: According to Fraenkel, the word has nothing in common with Germ. all and is produced from alè 'but' ( < Polish).
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-notes,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *ala-, *alla-; *ull=
Meaning: all
Gothic: all-s (a) `all'; ala-man-s m. (cons) `totality of human beings'
Old Norse: all-r `all, jeder'; ɔl-vǟr-r `freudlich'
Norwegian: all
Old Swedish: alder, OGutn aldr
Swedish: all
Danish: al
Old English: eal (eall, all) adj. `all'; { eal-wǟre `zuverlässig' }
English: all
Old Frisian: al
Old Saxon: al; ala-hwīt `ganz weiss'
Middle Dutch: al (all-), OFlam olla; ale-waer, ale-machtich
Dutch: al
Old Franconian: al
Middle Low German: al
Old High German: al `all' (8.Jh.); ala-wāri `freundlich, wohlwollend' (10.Jh.)
Middle High German: al (-ll-) adj. 'all, ganz, jeder'; aleine, -ein adv., conj. 'allein; obgleich, obschon'
German: all; albern
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-oswed,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-olfrank,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *éli
Meaning: sufficient
Russian meaning: достаточный
Comments: KW 119, Lee 1958, 108 (TM-Kor.), Rozycki 68. Despite Doerfer MT 20, TM *ele is hardly < Mong. (a particle in Mong. vs. a widespread verb in TM). altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *el-
Meaning: 1 all, every kind of 2 abundance, abundant
Russian meaning: 2 весь, всевозможные 2 обилие, обильный
Written Mongolian: ele 1 (L 308), eldeb 1 (L 307), elbeg 2 (L 306) Khalkha: el, eldev 1, elbeg 2
Buriat: eldeb 1, elbeg 2
Kalmuck: elɛ̄dǝ, eldǝb 1, elwǝg 2
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ele-
Meaning: 1 enough 2 to have enough, be satiated
Russian meaning: 1 довольно, достаточно 2 удовлетвориться, насытиться
Evenki: elī, ele 1, elekče- 2
Even: elъkъn 1
Negidal: ele 1
Literary Manchu: ele- 2
Jurchen: 'o-le-he-huŋ 'content, happy'
Ulcha: ele 1, ele- 2
Orok: ele 1, ele- 2
Nanai: elē 1, ele- 2
Oroch: ele 1, ele- 2
Udighe: ele 1, ele- 'to complete'
Solon: aĺe-ćáu, eĺlećáu 'I am full, I have had enough'
Comments: ТМС 2, 448-449. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-chu,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *ǝr-
Meaning: enough, sufficiently, nearly
Russian meaning: достаточно, почти
Modern Korean: ǝl-čhu
Middle Korean: ǝru, ǝro
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *ír-
Meaning: to need
Russian meaning: нуждаться
Middle Japanese: ír-
Tokyo: ìr-
Kyoto: ír-
Kagoshima: ír-
Comments: JLTT 698. The verb is homonymous with *ír- 'enter', but probably quite different etymologically. japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Eskimo etymology :
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Proto-Eskimo: *ǝlu-, *ǝlǝv-
Meaning: all, whole
Russian meaning: весь, все, всякий, каждый
Comments: Cf. also Yupik (AA) lūciʁ- id. The same stem as *ǝlru-ci- 'shape, form, habit etc.'. A relation with *irʁu-(na-) 'all, whole' is possible if these forms go back to a prototype like *ǝl-ru-. Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 107
esqet-prnum,esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-inup,esqet-newcom,esqet-refer,
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Inupik etymology :
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Proto-Inupik: *ǝlu-, *ǝlǝv-
Meaning: all, whole 1, to be whole 2
Russian meaning: весь, все, всякий, каждый
SPI Dialects: Imaq ɨlúqnāûq 'complete', ilúqnan 1, W iluqa(q)- [Jen.] 1
North Alaskan Inupik: ɨluqa(q)- 1
NAI Dialects: Qaw iluqna(q)- 1
WCI Dialects: Sig iluqa(q)- 1, Cop iluit- 2, Net iliviliq 'mainland' [Ras.]
Eastern Canadian Inupik: iluit- 2, 'to be complete', iluiliq 'mainland'
ECI Dialects: Tar, Lab ilūnna- 1
Greenlandic Inupik: ilūŋŋaʁ- 1, iluit-, ilivit- 2
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 107, 129
inupet-prnum,inupet-meaning,inupet-rmean,inupet-spis,inupet-nai,inupet-nais,inupet-wcis,inupet-eci,inupet-ecis,inupet-gri,inupet-ced,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : HVLV
Meaning : all
Amerind (misc.) : *ali 'many, all' (R 460) globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-amer,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HVƛ̣V
Meaning: all, surpass
North Caucasian: Av.-And. *hiƛ̣u- /*-ƛ̣:- 'all'
Comments and references : Cf. *=V́nƛ̣V.
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *lŏH
Meaning: surpass, increase
Burmese: kjuh to go beyond, trespass, exceed, surpass.
Lushai: lu too, very, excessively.
Comments: Cf. *l[ǝ̆]w. In some TB languages this root has apparently acquired the meaning 'all', cf. Ao-Mongtsen te-lu, lu-tsɨ, Yimchungli alala, Kaike so-lo, Pumi *LV, perhaps also Nusu li, Sunwar nelle. Cf. Austric: PAN *lalaw 'exceed, surpass', ?PAA *la:j 'many'. stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-burm,stibet-lush,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 愈
Modern (Beijing) reading: yù
Preclassic Old Chinese: loʔ
Classic Old Chinese: ló
Western Han Chinese: lwá
Eastern Han Chinese: źwá
Early Postclassic Chinese: źwó
Middle Postclassic Chinese: jwó
Late Postclassic Chinese: jwó
Middle Chinese: jǘ
English meaning : be increasing, pressing
Russian meaning[s]: 1) превосходить, перекрывать; 2) выздороветь; излечить(ся); исцелить(ся) от...; 3) еще более; тем более, тем паче
Radical: 61
Four-angle index: 8508
Karlgren code: 0125 d-e
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,
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Kiranti etymology :
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Proto-Kiranti: *lV (?)
Meaning: all
Sunwar: nel-le
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-sun,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *lV[j]
Meaning: many
Proto-Austroasiatic: *la:j Austroasiatic meaning: many
Proto-Austronesian: *lalaw
Austronesian meaning: exceed, surpass, go beyond
Proto-Thai: hla:j.A many, several
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-an,austr-anme,austr-tai,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *la:j
Meaning: many
Thai: hla:j.A many, several
Proto-Palaungic: Pr aŋ ("not") lai
Proto-Khmu: *la:j
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-thai,aaet-kat,aaet-kmr,aaet-pawa,aaet-kmu,
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Katuic etymology :
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Proto-Katuic: *lɨ:j
Meaning: more than
Presyllable: kǝ- / #
katet-meaning,katet-prpr,katet-prnum,katet-wkat,katet-ekat,
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West Katuic etymology :
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Proto-West Katuic: *lɨ:j
Meaning: more than
Presyllable: # / pǝ- / kǝ-
Bru Van Keu: kalɨj.T
Bru Van Keu meaning: more than, surpluss
So: lɨ:j.B
So meaning: past the edge; past the normal amount
Bru: plɨ:j.N
Bru meaning: to pass,to go beyond
wkatet-meaning,wkatet-wpre,wkatet-prnum,wkatet-vkv,wkatet-vkvme,wkatet-so,wkatet-some,wkatet-bru,wkatet-brume,
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East Katuic etymology :
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Proto-East Katuic:
Meaning: more than
Pakoh: klɨ:j
Pakoh meaning: more than
ekatet-meaning,ekatet-prnum,ekatet-pak,ekatet-pakme,
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Khmer etymology :
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Khmer: pla:j
Meaning: be added to, be more; pǝnla:j to extend, prolong
Comments: JP derive the word from la:j to mix
References: JP302
kmret-meaning,kmret-prnum,kmret-comm,kmret-ref,
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