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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *agaḍ-
Meaning : ditch, moat, trench
Telugu : agaḍta
Number in DED : 11
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-dednum,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *agáẓ-
Meaning : to dig
Proto-North Dravidian : *arq- Notes : A clearly bisyllabic verbal stem. The NDR forms present some trouble, but it is possible that *-rq- is here a regular development < *-ṛg- < *-gǝṛ-. // Present in 4/6 branches.
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-ndr,dravet-notes,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *agaẓ-
Meaning : to dig
Tamil : akaẓ (-v-, -nt-)
Tamil meaning : to excavate, dig out, pluck out (as eye), uproot; n. moat, tank, reservoir
Tamil derivates : akaẓi moat; akaẓān_, akaẓ eli field rat; āẓ (-v-, -nt-) to dig; āẓi (-pp-, -tt-) to dig deep
Malayalam : akaẓuka, akiẓuka
Malayalam meaning : to dig out, excavate
Malayalam derivates : akiẓ, akaẓi moat, ditch, trench; akiḷ, akil moat, earth wall
Kannada : agaẓ (agaẓd-), aguẓ (aguẓd-)
Kannada meaning : to dig
Kannada derivates : agaẓ what has been dug; agaẓte digging, pit, ditch; agaẓata, agaẓate digging, ditch, moat; agalte ditch, moat; agi, age to dig, burrow, make a hole in the ground
Tulu : agarụ, agaḷụ
Tulu meaning : ditch, trench, moat
Tulu derivates : (B-K.) agate overturning the soil by spade
Number in DED : 0011
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *ag[ǝ]ṛ-
Meaning : to dig
Kota : av- (avd-) "to dig hole with tool"
Toda : aḍ- (aḍɵ-)
Notes : Inlaut cluster reconstructed based on external data. Preservation of Toda a is explained by the development *agǝṛ-v- > *aṛ-ǝv- > *aḍ-.
Number in DED : 11
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-notes,ktet-dednum,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *agṛ-
Meaning : to dig
Kolami : agul- (agult-)
Naiki : agul-/agl-
Salur Gadba : aḍg-
Poya Gadba : aṛg-
Additional forms : Also Naiki agulmur digging
Number in DED : 11
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-naiki,kogaet-salur,kogaet-poya,kogaet-addition,kogaet-dednum,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *arq-
Meaning : to dig
Kurukh : arxnā
Malto : arg̣e
Number in DED : 11
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-kur,ndret-mlt,ndret-dednum,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ʔVḳV
Meaning: to dig
nostret-meaning,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *ằk`ú
Meaning: to dig, delve
Russian meaning: копать, долбить
Comments: PJ *ùnkàt- and PTM *akiri- may reflect a PA derivative *ằk`ú-rV-.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *uku-
Meaning: 1 to dig, delve 2 adze 3 notch (on animal's ears) 4 axe
Russian meaning: 1 копать 2 долото 3 зарубка, метка (на ушах животных) 4 топор
Written Mongolian: uqu- 1, uqumi 2 (L 892) Middle Mongolian: uqu- 1, uqali 4 (SH) Khalkha: uxu- 1, uxmi 2, 3
Buriat: uxami 2
Kalmuck: uxǝ- 1
Ordos: uxa-
Comments: KW 447. Mong. > Manchu uxu- 'to gouge' (see Rozycki 216). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *axiri-
Meaning: to sweep, rake up snow
Russian meaning: подметать, разгребать снег
Ulcha: aχịrị-
Orok: aχịrị-
Nanai: aχịrị-
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *ùnkàt-
Meaning: to delve, dig
Russian meaning: долбить, копать
Old Japanese: ukat-
Middle Japanese: ùgàt-
Tokyo: ugát-
Kyoto: úgát-
Kagoshima: ugát-
Comments: JLTT 777. Kagoshima has an irregular tone. japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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