Yupik etymology : List with all references

References: МССНЯ 355, ОСНЯ 1, 357. ND 1240 *ḲuyhV 'to rest, repose, be comfortable' (IE + Ur. + Arab.); 1948 *q̇ewyV 'to stay, lie, rest motionless' (but Kartv. hardly belongs here).

nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-esk,nostret-reference,

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Indo-European etymology :

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Proto-IE: *kʷey(e)-, *kʷyē-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to rest

Old Indian: cirá- n. `delay', cirá- `long, lasting a long time'

Avestan: šāiti-š `Freude', šyāta-, šāta- `erfreut'

Other Iranian: OPers šiyāti-š `Wohlbehagen'; NPers šāh `froh'

Slavic: *po-čī́tī, -*čī́jǭ, -*čī́nǭ; *po-kojī́tī, *po-kojь

Germanic: *xwīl-ō(n-) f.; *xwīl-ē-, -ō- vb.

Latin: quiēs, -ētis f. `Ruhe; Schlaf; Friede', quiēscō, -ere, quiēvī, quiētum `ruhen', quiētus `ruhig'; tranquillus, -a `ruhig, still'

Russ. meaning: отдыхать

References: WP I 510

piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-iran,piet-slav,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

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Vasmer's dictionary :

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Word: почи́ть,

Near etymology: 3 л. ед. ч. почи́ет, итер. почива́ть, укр. спочива́ти "спать", ст.-слав. почити, почиѭ ἀναπαύειν (Супр.), болг. почи́на, почи́вам (си), сербохорв. по̀чинути "отдохнуть, скончаться", словен. počíti, роčȋjеm, чеш. od-počinouti, слвц. оdроčinút᾽, польск. оdросzуwас́, в.-луж. wоtроčоwас́, н.-луж. wótросуwаś.

Further etymology: Праслав. *počiti, связано чередованием гласных с *роkоjь (см. поко́й). Далее сюда же относятся др.-инд. cirás "продолжительный, долгий", лат. quiēs "покой", quiēscō, quiēvī "покоиться", tranquīlus, tranquillus "спокойный, тихий" (*transquilnos), гот. ƕeila "время, досуг" (Бернекер 1, 166; Траутман, ВSW 124; Вальде--Гофм. 2, 406; Уленбек, Aind. Wb. 91; Торп 117). Без достаточных оснований в этой этимологии слова почи́ть сомневается Брюкнер (KZ 51, 227), который сравнивает слав. слова с др.-прусск. etskīuns "воскресший", et-skīsnan "воскресение". Последнее едва ли более вероятно.

Pages: 3,347-348

vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,

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Germanic etymology :

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Proto-Germanic: *xwīlō(n); *xwīlēn-, -ōn- vb.

Meaning: while; rest

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: hʷīla f. (ō) `while, time'; *hʷīlan wk. `cease'

Old Norse: hvīla f. `Ruhestätte, Bett'; hvīla vb. `ruhen, ruhen lassen'

Norwegian: kvila sbs., vb.

Swedish: vila sbs., vb.

Danish: hvile sbs., vb.

Old English: hwīl `Weile, Zeit'

English: while

Old Frisian: hwīle; hwīla vb.

Old Saxon: hwīla, hwīl

Middle Dutch: wīle `tijd, uur, tijdsuur'

Dutch: wijl, wijlw f.; verwijlen

Middle Low German: wīle

Old High German: (h)wīla (8.Jh.), (h)wīl `Zeit(raum), Zeitpunkt, Stunde'; hwīlōn vb.

Middle High German: wīl(e) st./wk. f. 'weile, zeit, zeitpunkt, raum, stunde'

German: Weile

germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,

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Pokorny's dictionary :

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Number: 1087

Root: kʷei̯ǝ-, kʷii̯ē-

English meaning: to rest quietly, quiet, peaceful

German meaning: `behaglich ruhen'

Derivatives: kʷii̯ē-t-s `Behagen', kʷii̯ē-to-s `froh', kʷī-lo- `ruhig'

Material: Ai. cirá-m `Zögern, Verzögerung', cirá- `langdauernd, lang'; apers. šiyāti-š `Wohlbehagen' (= lat. quiēs), av. šāiti-š `Freude' (š- = šy-, vgl. gathav. šyeitibyō), av. šyāta-, šāta- `erfreut' (= lat. quiētus), a-šāta- `unfroh' (= lat. inquiētus), Παρύ-σατις, av. šāišta- `behaglichst, erfreulichst', np. šād `froh', oss. anc̣ayun `ruhen'; sogd. š't `freudig';

arm. han-gč̣im `ich ruhe', han-gist `Ruhe' (-gi- aus *-kʷi-);

lat. quiēs, -ētis `Ruhe', quiē-sco, -scere, -vī, -tum `ruhen', mit Formans -lo- (wie germ.*hwīl-) tranquīlus, tranquillus `ruhig' (trans + kʷīlos);

got. ƕeila, ags. hwīl, ahd. (h)wīla `Weile, Zeit', aisl. hvīla `Ruhebett', hvīld `Ruhe', got. ƕeilan `weilen, zögern, aufhören', ags. Hwāla MN, ahd. wīlōn, -ēn `weilen, sich aufhalten';

aksl. pokojь `Ruhe', pokojǫ, pokojiti `beruhigen', počijǫ, počiti `ruhen';

toch. В śāte `reich' (: av. šyāta- `erfreut');

lyk. tezi `Sarkophag' aus *kʷjētis (?), Pedersen Lyk. und Hitt. 50.

References: WP. I 510, WH. II 406, Trautmann 124.

Pages: 638

PIE database: PIE database

pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-derivative,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *kejbe

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to lie

Russian meaning: лежать

Mongolian: *keb-

Tungus-Manchu: *kebi-

Korean: *kìbúr-

Japanese: *kǝjǝ-

Comments: АПиПЯЯ 294, Ozawa 203-204, SKE 114.

altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,

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Mongolian etymology :

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Proto-Mongolian: *keb-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to lie 2 to bow down

Russian meaning: 1 лежать 2 склоняться, нагибаться

Written Mongolian: kebte- 1 (L 439), kebiji- 2

Middle Mongolian: kibtä-, kä̆btä- (MA), kebte-, kebde-, gebte- (SH) 1

Khalkha: xevt- 2, xevij- 2

Buriat: xebte-

Kalmuck: keptǝ-

Ordos: gebte-

Dongxian: kiǯie-

Dagur: kert-, kerte- 1 (Тод. Даг. 150), kerete- 1 (MD 183)

Monguor: kidē- (SM 200) 'to lie (of animals)'

Mogol: teftä-; KT tebtä (11-1a)

Comments: KW 226, MGCD 339.

monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-dag,monget-mgr,monget-mogh,monget-reference,

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Tungus etymology :

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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kebi-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to bow down, lie low

Russian meaning: пригнуться, лечь ничком

Literary Manchu: keb, keo (seme)

Ulcha: kebile-

Comments: ТМС 1, 442.

tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-reference,

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Korean etymology :

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Proto-Korean: *kìbúr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to bow down, be sloping, decline

Russian meaning: наклоняться

Modern Korean: kiul-

Middle Korean: kì'úr-

Comments: Nam 79, KED 272.

koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,

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Japanese etymology :

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Proto-Japanese: *kǝjǝ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to lie

Russian meaning: лежать

Old Japanese: koju-

Comments: JLTT 711.

japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-comments,

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Uralic etymology :

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Number: 389

Proto: *kujV

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: to lie

German meaning: liegen

Mari (Cheremis): kie- (KB), kije- (U B) 'liegen, hingestreckt sein', ? kuja- (B) 'fleischlichen Umgang pflegen'

Udmurt (Votyak): ki̮ĺĺi̮- (S), kǝ̑ĺĺǝ̑- (Kaz.), kị̑ĺĺị̑- (G) 'liegen'

Komi (Zyrian): kujli̮- (S), kujvi̮- (P), ku̇ĺĺi- (PO)

Khanty (Ostyak): χoj- (O) 'liegen, schlafen'

Mansi (Vogul): koj- (TJ), χoj- (KU), kuj- (P), χuj- (So.)

uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-mar,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-man,

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Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-Dravidian : *kē-

Meaning : to lie

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *kē-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *kē-

Proto-North Dravidian : *kī-d-

dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-koga,dravet-ndr,

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South Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-South Dravidian : *kē-

Meaning : to lie

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : cē (-pp-, -tt-)

Tamil meaning : to dwell, lie, remain, sleep

Tamil derivates : cēppu (cēppi-) to abide, remain; cēkkai cot, bed, roost, dwelling place, nest

Malayalam : cēkuka, cēkkuka

Malayalam meaning : to roost

Malayalam derivates : cēkal, cēyal, cēkka, cēkku a roost

Kannada : kē (kēd-)

Kannada meaning : to lie down, repose, copulate with

Kannada derivates : kēvu, (K2) kendu copulation

Tulu : kedoṇuni

Tulu meaning : to lie down, rest

Tulu derivates : (B-K) ketoṇu, katoṇu to lie down; kerapāvu to cause to lie down; kēlụ abode of a Pariah

Number in DED : 1990

sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-dednum,

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Kolami-Gadba etymology :

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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *kē-

Meaning : to sleep

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kolami : kēp- (kēpt-) "to make (child) to sleep"

Number in DED : 1990

kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-dednum,

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North Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-North-Dravidian : *kī-d-

Meaning : to lie down

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kurukh : kīdnā, kīdʔānā "to allow or invite one to lie down for rest or sleep, put to bed (a child, a sick person), lay in the grave"

Malto : kīde "to lay down"

Number in DED : 1990

ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-kur,ndret-mlt,ndret-dednum,

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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : KVWV

Meaning : to lie

Eurasiatic : *ḳVwjV

Afroasiatic : *ḳVwy- 'remain, spend the night' (Sem., Cush., Omot.)

Sino-Caucasian : *=áqwV; cf. also *=ixq̇wV́ 'sit, dwell'

Austric : PAA *ku:j / *kuj 'sleep, sit'

Amerind (misc.) : *yaqʷ 'lie down' (R 430) [+ A]; *iku 'sit; dwell, be' (R 633) [+ A K]; *ka 'sleep; sit down, lie down' (R 650); *ka 'be' (R 43) [+ A]

Notes : Probably 2 roots.

Reference : ND 1948.

globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-amer,globet-notes,globet-reference,

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Sino-Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *=áqwV

Meaning: to lie down

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *=aq_wV

Yenisseian: *ʔa(ʔ)q-ɔt- (~-G-,-χ-)

sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-yen,

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North Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-North Caucasian: *=aq_wV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to fall, to lie; to get into

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *=ik:ʷ-

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔaqɨ-

Notes: An Av.-And.-Lezg. isogloss, demonstrating the Ablaut *a/i.

caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,

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Avar-Andian etymology :

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Protoform: *=ik:ʷ-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to get into 2 to happen 3 to fall

Avar: k:e- 1,2

Chadakolob: xe(l)- 1,2

Andian language: =uk:- 1,3

Chamalal: =uk- 1,3

Tindi: =ux:- 1

Karata: =ek:ʷ- (Anch.)3

Comments: Avar reflects stem II (*k:ʷV-), Andian languages - stem I (*=ik:ʷ-). A stem with Ablaut (*=ak:ʷ-) is reflected in Cham. and Tind. in plural (Cham. plur. =ak-ur-, Tind. plur. =ax:-; cf. perhaps also And. =ok:-/=ek:- 'to stay').

aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-and,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-comment,

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Lezghian etymology :

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Proto-Lezghian: *ʔaqɨ-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to lie

Tabasaran: d-aq-

Agul: aqu xas

Archi: a=χa-

Comment: The Arch. form can belong both here and to the PL *ʔaχär- 'sleep, lie' q.v. The original meaning of PL *ʔaqɨ- must have been 'to fall, to become spilled, scattered', cf. Ag. l-aqa-s (Bursh. aqi-s) 'to scatter, spill, get scattered' (cf. also in Tab. without the d- preverb aq- 'to fall'), Arch. c-a=χa- 'to fall; to throw' (with an expressive preverb) and possibly also Lezg. al-aq- 'to stick, adhere', Ag. ʕ-aq- (Bursh. ʕ-aqi-) 'to mix'.

Cf. also Tab. al-a=q-, Düb. h-a=q-, Ag. ʕat:-aq- 'to meet, encounter' (*"to fall upon") - which may have obtained its meaning due to the influence of PL *ʔiqɨ- 'to find' (q.v.), or may, in fact, provide a link between these two roots (stems): see PEC *=iq_wV.

lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,

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Yenisseian etymology :

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Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔaq-ɔt-

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to sleep

Ket: dittoʁoat, praet. tōĺoʁoat, imp. tallat (Кастр.) [Werner: -ʁot]

Yug: dittoʁoat, praet. tōroʁoat,imp. tarroat (Кастр.) [Werner: -χot]

Kottish: d́agat (М., Сл., Кл.) "I sleep"; Ass. (М., Сл., Кл.) jáhatan id.

Arin: áqodoŋ (М., Сл., Кл.) "I sleep"; (Лоск.) axot id.

Pumpokol: xotɨk (Срсл., Кл.) "to sleep"

Comments: ССЕ 183. The second part of the stem is also attested by itself (see *tVn-); the first part is independently witnessed perhaps only in Pump. (Срсл.) ak "to lie down". Werner 1, 359-360 *qot 'to lie', with a clearly unsufficient analysis of the paradigms.

yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-ari,yenet-pum,yenet-notes,

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Austric etymology :

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Proto-Austric: *Ku

Meaning: to sit; be

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Proto-Austroasiatic: *gu (also *ku:j / *kuj sleep, sit)

Austroasiatic meaning: sit

Munda parallels: Kar Doko sit

Proto-Thai: gɨ:.A to be

austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-mun,austr-tai,

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Austro-Asiatic etymology :

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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *gu

Meaning: sit

Austric etymology: Austric etymology

Thai: gɨ:.A to be

Proto-Katuic: *gu

Proto-Bahnaric: *go / *kǝ̆w

aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-thai,aaet-kat,aaet-bah,

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Katuic etymology :

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Proto-Katuic: *gu

Meaning: to sit

Presyllable: tǝ-

Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology

Proto-West Katuic: *gu / *ka:w

Proto-East Katuic: *ku

References: P-265; TK16.253

katet-meaning,katet-prpr,katet-prnum,katet-wkat,katet-ekat,katet-bibref,

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West Katuic etymology :

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Proto-West Katuic: *gu / *ka:w

Meaning: to sit

Presyllable: tǝ-

Katuic etymology: Katuic etymology

Bru Van Keu: taku

Bru Van Keu meaning: to sit

So: taku.B

So meaning: to sit

Bru: tǝku:.B

Bru meaning: to sit

Kui: tǝka:w.N

Kui meaning: to sit

Kuay: takaw.N

Kuay meaning: sit

wkatet-meaning,wkatet-wpre,wkatet-prnum,wkatet-vkv,wkatet-vkvme,wkatet-so,wkatet-some,wkatet-bru,wkatet-brume,wkatet-kui,wkatet-kuime,wkatet-kuay,wkatet-kuayme,

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East Katuic etymology :

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Proto-East Katuic: *ku

Meaning: to sit

Presyllable: tǝ-

Katuic etymology: Katuic etymology

Pakoh: tiku:

Pakoh meaning: to sit

ekatet-meaning,ekatet-epre,ekatet-prnum,ekatet-pak,ekatet-pakme,

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Bahnar etymology :

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Proto-Bahnaric: *go / *kǝ̆w

Meaning: sit, wait

Presyllable: #

Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology

Bahnar: go

Bahnar meaning: to wait

Proto-North Bahnaric: JEH ku.T

Proto-West Bahnaric: *k[ǝw]

Proto-Northwest-Bahnaric: *ko

banet-meaning,banet-prpr,banet-prnum,banet-bah,banet-bahme,banet-nob,banet-web,banet-nwb,

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North Bahnaric etymology :

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Proto-North-Bahnaric:

Meaning: wait, ambush

Bahnaric etymology: Bahnaric etymology

Jeh form: ku.T

Jeh meaning: to wait for, ambush

nobet-meaning,nobet-prnum,nobet-jeh,nobet-jehme,

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West Bahnaric etymology :

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Proto-West- Bahnaric: *k[ǝw]

Meaning: sit

Bahnaric etymology: Bahnaric etymology

Jaru form: kuo

Jaru meaning: located, sit; TL: kǝw

Lavi: kuo

Juk: ko:

Nhaheung form: kuo

Nhaheung meaning: sit, find oneself

Brao form: ku:

Brao meaning: sit, dwell

References: JS-647

webet-meaning,webet-prnum,webet-jr,webet-jrme,webet-lve,webet-jk,webet-nha,webet-nhame,webet-brao,webet-brame,webet-refer,

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North-West Bahnaric etymology :

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Proto-North-West- Bahnaric: *k[ǝw]

Meaning: live, stay

Bahnaric etymology: Bahnaric etymology

Tariang: ko:

Kaseng: kǝw

Yaeh: ko:

nwbet-meaning,nwbet-prnum,nwbet-tr,nwbet-ks,nwbet-yh,

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Viet-Muong etymology :

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Proto-Viet-Muong:

Meaning: sleep

Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology

Vietnamese: nguʔ

vimet-meaning,vimet-prnum,vimet-viet,

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