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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : HVCV
Meaning : sharp
globet-meaning,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-reference,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ɦV̆šdwĀ́
Meaning: sharp
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-yen,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *ɦüǯwĀ
Meaning: sharp, to sharpen
Notes: The etymology is both phonetically and semantically secure. Not quite clear is the origin of PTs nasalisation (just as in another case, PEC *ʔiǯwVr 'lick' > PTs *=ãč-). Andian languages reflect only a deverbal noun (with a frequent circumfix *b- -n).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *bižun
Meaning: needle, knitting needle
Andian language: bežun
Akhvakh: mežu
Chamalal: bezũ
Tindi: bežun
Karata: bežun
Botlikh: bežun
Bagvalal: bežũ
Godoberi: bežun
Comments: Cf. also Akhv. Ratl. bežun, Tseg., Tlan. bužun, Cham. Gig. bezun.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *ʔãč-
Meaning: 1 to sharpen, whet 2 whetstone
Khvarshi: =ač-eχ- 1 (Radzhibov)
Bezhta: ä̃č- (Tlad.) 1
Gunzib: ãčun 2
Comments: PGB *ʔãč- 'to sharpen' (cf. also Bezht. Khosh. äč- ), *ʔãčun 'whetstone' (cf. also Bezht. Tlad. ä̃čün, Khosh. äčün).
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-khv,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ʡeč:ʷa-
Meaning: 1 to sharpen, whet 2 to polish 3 whetstone
Lezghian: k:ünü 3
Tabasaran: ulǯ̌am 3
Agul: ʕulžan 3
Rutul: uǯu-d 3
Tsakhur: h-e=že- 2
Archi: =eIč:a- 1
Comment: The verbal stem is preserved only in Tsakh. and Archi (cf. also Arch. dur. =eIrč:u-r pointing to labialisation in PL). Most other languages reflect only the derivate *ʡelč:ʷana 'whetstone' (in Lezg. with a secondary -j-suffixation: k:ünü < *ʡe(l)č:ʷanVj); besides the forms cited cf. also Tab. Kand. ilǯ̌an, Düb. hilǯ̌an, Ag. Bursh. ʕulǯem, Burk. ʡülǯan, Fit. ħurǯin, Tsakh. wɨžena (Gelm. wužana). Other derivates are: Rut. uǯud < *ʡeč:ʷV-t:V; Arch. čun 'knitting needle' < *(ʡi)č:ʷV-nV. The medial *-l- in *ʡelč:ʷana must be probably explained from *-r-, having penetrated here from the verbal durative stem (cf. Arch. =eIrč:u-r) and modified to *-l- under the influence of the following nasal (a usual development, especially in verbal paradigms).
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *č:ʷa-nǝ
Meaning: 1 to sharpen, whet 2 sharp
Adyghe: č́ān 2
Kabardian: žān 2
Ubykh: čan- 1
Comments: PAK *č́:ánǝ. Despite Abdokov (1973, 50) the Adygh word can not be related to Ub. (n)dan 'sharp' for phonetic reasons; but Ub. čan- 'to sharpen' is a perfect match (and it can not be considered a loan from Ad. because of its non-palatalised č- and verbal function).
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔete
Meaning: sharp
Ket: ēti1, South. ēt, pl. ɛtiŋ5
Yug: ēt / ejt, pl. ɛtiŋ5
Kottish: ēti, g. ētī, pl. ētaŋ
Pumpokol: etɨkup (Срсл.,) "sharply" [= Yug.?]
Comments: ССЕ 189. Werner 1, 273. Despite Bouda and Timonina, similarity to PT *jitig 'sharp' is most probably accidental.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-pum,yenet-notes,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *ʔcVʔ
Meaning: sharpen, cut
Austroasiatic meaning: cut, split
Proto-Austronesian: *Sasaq
Austronesian meaning: whet, sharpen
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-an,austr-anme,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *cah
Meaning: break, chop
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-kat,aaet-bah,
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Katuic etymology :
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Proto-Katuic: *cah
Meaning: to cut, chop
Presyllable: #
References: P-20; TK16.231
katet-meaning,katet-prpr,katet-prnum,katet-wkat,katet-ekat,katet-bibref,
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West Katuic etymology :
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Proto-West Katuic: *cah
Meaning: to cut, chop
Presyllable: #
Bru Van Keu: cah
Bru Van Keu meaning: to mow, to clear (as a road), to open
So: cah.B R?
So meaning: to cut a path with a knife
Bru: cah.N
Bru meaning: to mow
Kui: cah.N
Kui meaning: to cut away (vegetation)
wkatet-meaning,wkatet-wpre,wkatet-prnum,wkatet-vkv,wkatet-vkvme,wkatet-so,wkatet-some,wkatet-bru,wkatet-brume,wkatet-kui,wkatet-kuime,
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East Katuic etymology :
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Proto-East Katuic: *cah
Meaning: to cut, chop
Presyllable: #
Pakoh: cah
Pakoh meaning: to cut, chop (small stems)
Lao Katu: cah
Lao Katu meaning: to chop
Ngeq: cah, cah.B
Ngeq meaning: to cut down grass
Chatong: cah
Katu dialects (1): cah
Katu dialects (4): cah
Katu meaning: to break
ekatet-meaning,ekatet-epre,ekatet-prnum,ekatet-pak,ekatet-pakme,ekatet-lka,ekatet-lkame,ekatet-nge,ekatet-ngeme,ekatet-ct,ekatet-and,ekatet-kph,ekatet-katme,
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Bahnar etymology :
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Proto-Bahnaric: *cah
Meaning: break
Presyllable: pǝ-
Bahnar: pǝcah I?
Bahnar meaning: break (china, etc.)
Proto-West Bahnaric: *cah banet-meaning,banet-prpr,banet-prnum,banet-bah,banet-bahme,banet-web,
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North Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-North-Bahnaric:
Meaning: break
Rengao form: pǝcah.T
Rengao meaning: to break
nobet-meaning,nobet-prnum,nobet-ren,nobet-renme,
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West Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-West- Bahnaric: *cah
Meaning: dig (with spade)
Jaru form: cah
Jaru meaning: dig (with spade)
Lavi: cah
Juk: cɛh V?
Nhaheung form: cah
Nhaheung meaning: dig
Brao form: cah
Brao meaning: dig (with spade)
References: JS-152, TB17.62a
webet-meaning,webet-prnum,webet-jr,webet-jrme,webet-lve,webet-jk,webet-nha,webet-nhame,webet-brao,webet-brame,webet-refer,
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