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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *stinan-, *stanjan-, *stunjan-, *stuni-z; *ɵunōn-, etc.
Meaning: moan, shout
Old Norse: stünja wk. `stöhnen'; stün-r m. `Stöhnen'
Norwegian: stünja vb.; stün
Swedish: stöna vb.
Danish: stönne vb.
Old English: stenan st. `stöhnen', stunisn `een hard geluid maken'; gestun n. `Lärm, Wirbelwind'; stenecian `keuchen'; ɵunian `erschallen, widerhallen', stunian
Old Saxon: stēnen st./wk.
Middle Dutch: stenen; steunen
Middle Low German: stenen wk. `stöhnen', stȫnen `stöhnen'
Middle High German: md. stɛnen wk. (14.Jh.) 'stöhnen'
German: stöhnen
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *(s)tona- / *(s)tena-
Meaning: to thunder, to moan
Old Indian: stanati, staniti, tanyati `to resound, roar, thunder', stanayitnú-, tanyatú- m. `thunder', tanayitnú-, tanyú- `roaring, thundering'
Old Greek: sténō, (-omai̯) `stöhnen,dröhnen, ächzen, jammern', trans. `beklagen, beweinen', stenázdō, stenákhō `id.', stóno-s m. `das Stöhnen usw.'; stonakhǟ́ f. `das Stöhnen, Seufzen'; *ténjō: ténnei = sténei, brǘkhetai Hsch.
Latin: tonō, -āre, -uī, -itum `donnern', tonō, -ere `id.'; tonitrū (gramm.), pl. tonitra/tonitrua n., tonitrus, -ūs m. `Donner'
Russ. meaning: греметь, стонать
Comments: Cf. *ton-.
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: стена́ть,
Near etymology: -а́ю, др.-русск. стенати, стеню, ст.-слав. стенати, стенѭ στένειν, στενάζειν (Супр.), болг. сте́ня, сербохорв. стѐњати, сте̏ње̑м, словен. stenjáti, stenjȃm, чеш. stenati, слвц. stеnаt᾽. Др. ступень вокализма: стон, стона́ть (см.).
Further etymology: Родственно лит. stenė́ti, stenù "стонать", лтш. stenêt, -u, -ẽju, др.-прусск. *stint, stīnons, прич. пф. действ. "выстраданный, перенесенный", англос. stenan "стенать", др.-исл. stynja, др.-инд. stánati "гремит, грохочет", греч. στένει "вздыхает, стонет"; см. Траутман, ВSW 286; Арr. Sprd. 439; М.--Э. 3, 1061; Уленбек, Aind. Wb. 342; Торп 481.
Pages: 3,754
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *sten-ē̂- (*sten-a-) vb. *stin- vb.
Meaning: moan
Lithuanian: stenḗti (stẽna/stẽni, stenḗjō) `ächzen, stöhnen'
Lettish: stenêt (stęnu/-ẽju, -ẽju)) 'stöhnen, ächsen, schluchzen',
Old Prussian: stenuns, stīnons 'gelitten', acc. stinsennien (inf. *stint) 'Leiden'
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 1888
Root: (s)ten-1
English meaning: to groan, etc.
German meaning: von lauten Geräuschen: `donnern, rauschen, dröhnen, stöhnen'
Derivatives: stono-s `das Stöhnen'
Material: Ai. stánati (= gr. στένω, ags. stenan, lit. stenù), stániti, stanáyati `donnert, dröhnt, brüllt, braust', stanayitnú- m. `Donner', tanayitnú- `dröhnend, donnernd', tányati (= äol. τέννει) `rauscht, tönt, donnert', tanyú- `rauschend, tosend'; afghan. tanā `Donner', np. tundar ds.; ai.abhi-ṣṭaná- m. `Getöse'; gr. στένω `dröhne, ächze, jammere', ion. στείνω (= aksl. stenjǫ) ds., στενάζω ds., στεναγμός `das Seufzen', στενάχω ds., στόνος m. `das Stöhnen', ἀγά-στονος `sehr stöhnend' (ai. abhi-ṣṭaná- `das Tosen, Brüllen', russ. ston `Seufzer'), Στέντωρ; lesb. τέννει στένει, βρύ̄χεται Hes.;
lat. tonō, -āre `donnern; auch von andern lauten Schalleindrücken', to-nitrū, tonitrus `Donner'; kelt. FlN Tanaros (: ahd. donar);
ags. stenan st. V. `stöhnen'; mnd. stenen schw. V. ds. (*stanjan = ai. stanáyati); aisl. stynja ds. = mnd. stönen (nhd. stöhnen); aisl. stynr m. `Gestöhne', ags. gestun n. `Lärm, Wirbelwind'; aisl. stanka `stöhnen', ags. stenecian `keuchen'; ahd. donar `Donner', ags. þunor ds., aisl. þōrr `Donnergott', ags. ðunian `donnern, brüllen, seufzen';
lit. stenù, -ė́ti `ächzen, stöhnen', aksl. stenjǫ, stenati ds.; russ. stón `das Stöhnen'; apr. *stint, stīnons Partiz. Perf. Akt. `gelitten'.
References: WP. II 626 f., WH. II 690 f., Trautmann 286.; Vasmer 3, 10, 19.
Pages: 1021
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