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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *salbṓ(n), *salbōn-
Meaning: ointment
Gothic: salbōn, *ga-salbōn wk. `anoint'
Old English: sealf (salf), -e; sealfe, -an (?) f. `salve, ointment', { sealfian }
English: salve
Old Frisian: salvia vb.
Old Saxon: salva `Salbe', salvōn `salben'
Middle Dutch: salve f.
Dutch: zalf f.
Middle Low German: salve
Old High German: salba f., salb n. (8.Jh.) `Salbe, Salböl'; salbōn `salben'
Middle High German: salbe wk. f., (/st. f.) 'salbe'; salp (-b-) st. n. 'ds.'
German: Salbe f; salben
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *selp-
Meaning: fat
Hittite: salpa- (salpi- c.) '(Hunde-)Kot' (Friedrich 180)
Tokharian: A ṣälyp, B ṣalype `Fett, Öl' (PT *ṣälype) (Adams 652)
Old Indian: sarpís- n., sarpi- n. `clarified butter', sr̥prá- `slippery, oily, smooth'
Old Greek: élpos = élaion, stéar, euthēnía Hsc., kypr. élphos, gen. -eos n. (Cypr.) = boútüron Hsch.; ólpǟ f. `Ölflasche', ólpis, -ios/-idos f. `Weinkanne; Ölflasche'
Albanian: ǵaĺpε Butter
Russ. meaning: жир
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-tokh,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-alb,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 1680
Root: selp-
English meaning: fat n.
German meaning: `Fett (Butter, Schmalz)'
Material: Ai. sarpís- n. `Schmelzbutter, Schmalz', sr̥prá- `geölt, glatt, blank'; gr. ἔλπος (n.) ἔλαιον, στέαρ Hes. und (mit φ nach ἄλειφα : λίπος?) ἔλφος βούτυρον. Κύπριοι Hes., ὄλπη, ὄλπις, -ιδος f. `Ölflasche'; alb. gjalp `Butter'; ahd. salba, as. salƀa, ags. sealf `Salbe', got. ahd. salbōn, as. salƀōn, ags. sealfian `salben'; toch. A ṣälyp, В ṣalype `Fett, Butter, Öl'.
References: WP. II 508.
Pages: 901
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *swVĺV
Meaning: flesh, fat
References: ND 2194a *ŝil̄V ~ *sil̄V 'fat' (Ur. + IE +Sem.); 2200 *ŝi[ĺ]wV 'shank, meat of a limb' (Ur. + Alt. + ?SH, Drav.). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *ši̯ằĺì
Meaning: piece of meat, flesh
Russian meaning: мясо, кусок мяса
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *silbi
Meaning: shin, shin muscles
Russian meaning: голень, мускулы у голени
Written Mongolian: silbi (L 705) Middle Mongolian: šilibi (HY 48), šilbi, šili (MA 178, 333) Khalkha: šilbe
Buriat: šelbe
Kalmuck: šilwǝ
Ordos: šilbi (šilbe)
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *čilki ( ~ š-)
Meaning: 1 muscle, biceps 2 front leg of a bear
Russian meaning: 1 мышца, бицепс 2 передняя нога медведя
Evenki: čilkī 1
Even: čịlqa 1
Negidal: čịlkị̄ 2
Comments: ТМС 2, 394. Evk. > Dolg. čɨlkɨ (see Stachowski 76). {Evk. čilbika 'ножное сухожилие' may be here and not < Mong.} tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *sắrh
Meaning: flesh, meat; skin
Russian meaning: мясо; кожа
Modern Korean: sal
Middle Korean: sắr [sắrh-]
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *sìsì
Meaning: meat
Russian meaning: мясо
Old Japanese: sisi
Middle Japanese: sìsì
Nase: šìší
Shuri: šíší
Yonakuni: čìčì
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-nas,japet-shu,japet-yon,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 1583
Proto: *siwV-ĺV
English meaning: flesh, meat
German meaning: Fleisch
Mordovian: siveĺ (E), siveĺ, śiveĺ (M) 'Fleisch'
Mari (Cheremis): šǝl (KB), šǝ̑l (U), šiĺ (M), šǝ̑l (B)
Udmurt (Votyak): si̮ĺ (S), siĺ (G)
Komi (Zyrian): ni̮r siĺan (VO VU) 'носовой хрящ или мякоть (напр. у лошади)' ?
Sammalahti's version: *silV
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-samm2,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : CVLV
Meaning : flesh, blood
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ć̣āŁwV̆́
Meaning: blood; red
Comments and references : HGC 18. Secondary vowel shortening in PY (?). sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *ć̣āŁwV
Meaning: blood; life
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Although the root is not widely spread outside Nakh, it is no doubt archaic: cf. Hurr. zur-gi 'blood' (see Diakonoff-Starostin 1986, 44).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *c̣ēgi
Meaning: blood
Chechen: c̣ij
Ingush: c̣ij
Batsbi: c̣ejgĭ
Comments: 3d class in all languages. The same root is reflected in PN *c̣ēge-(n) "red" > Chech. c̣e-n, Ing. c̣e, Bacb. c̣egẽ.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *č̣agV-
Meaning: alive
Avar: č̣ágo-b
Karata: č̣agu-s:
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-krt,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *č̣Vƛ:ʷV-
Meaning: alive; lively, animated
Tabasaran: č̣iwi
Comment: The root is attested only in Tab.; therefore theoretically a reconstruction of medial *-w- is also possible - although -ƛ:ʷ- is more probable in view of the external evidence.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *căk (~ć-)
Meaning: red (metal), gold
Kachin: (?) ǯa2 metal.
Lushai: raŋ-ka-čak gold (cf. rāŋ-va tin), KC *ka-tśak.
Comments: BG: Dimasa gă-dźao red; gold, Garo gittśak red; Rawang za silver; money; Idu *ši, Nocte achak 'red' Sh. 54; Ben. 46. Cf. perhaps Karen: Geker ḍʒaʔ.53 'black', Apatani ʒì, Naga *kǝcik, Magar cik 'black'.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-kach,stibet-lush,stibet-comments,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *sur
Meaning: red, blood
Ket: śūĺam1 'red', śūĺ 'blood'
Yug: surbɛ:hs4 (pl. -bɛsn5) 'red', sur 'blood'
Kottish: šurumaičei "to paint red", šur (pl. šūraŋ) 'blood', (Бол.) šur id.; Ass. šurama (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл.) "red"
Arin: sur (Лоск.) "blood"; t́gura (Срсл.), t́ūra (М., Сл., Кл.) "red"; (Лоск.) tula "redly"
Pumpokol: túlsi (Сл., Кл.,), túlzi (Срсл.,) "red"
Comments: ССЕ 278. The Yenisseian words for "blood" and "red" are obviously derived from the same root. Therefore quite strange is the opposition sur "blood" : tura "red" in Arin (with a quite ireegular t- in the adjective Anlaut). The original *sura "red" in this language could have contaminated with some other root, most probably, *tu "raw" (q.v.); or else we are dealing with an old loanword from Pumpokol, where the reflex t- is regular. Werner 2, 219 <*suʎ>.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-ari,yenet-pum,yenet-notes,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *i=serdi
Meaning: 1 sweat 2 sap
Bizkaian: izardi 1, (arc) izerdi 1
Gipuzkoan: izerdi 1
High Navarrese: izerdi 1, 2
Low Navarrese: izerdi 1, 2
Salazarese: izerdi 1, 2
Lapurdian: izerdi 1, (arc) 2
Baztanese: izerdi 1, 2
Zuberoan: izerdi 1
Roncalese: izerdi 1, 2
Comments: For the semantics of ‘sweat ~ blood’ cf. Icelandic sveiti ‘sweat; (poetic) blood’, Swedish (dial.) sveitt, šveitt, etc., 'blood (of a slaughtered animal), blood (from a sore)’, Old English swǣtan ‘to sweat, to bleed’, etc.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-sal,basqet-lab,basqet-bzt,basqet-zbr,basqet-rnc,basqet-comments,
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