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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *bheuge-, *bhūgh[e]-
Meaning: to run, to escape
Old Greek: phéu̯gō, phüŋgánō, ft. phéu̯ksomai̯, aor. phügẹ̄̂n, pf. a. pépheu̯ga, m. ptc. pephügmɛ́no-, va. phüktó- `fliehen, entfliehen, in die Verbannung gehen, auf der Flucht, verbannt sein, gerichtlich verfolgt werden', phǘga-de `in die Flucht', phǘgda, -dǟn `auf der Flucht', phǘzda f. `(wilde) Flucht, Panik', phügǟ́ f. `Flucht, Verbannung', pró-, prós-phüks `fliehend, schutzsuchend', phǘksi-s f. `Flucht, Rettung'
Latin: fugiō, -ere, fūgī, fugitūrus tr., intr. `fliehen, entfliehen, landesflüchtig werden; enteilen, vergehen; verschmähen, ablehnen', fugitāre `fliehen, meiden'; fuga f. `Flucht'
Russ. meaning: убегать
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *bū̂g- vb. intr., *baug-u- adj., *būg-n-a- adj.
Meaning: be afraid
Lithuanian: bū́gti (-sta, -ō) `erschrecken, in Schrecken geraten, Furcht bekommen', baugù- `ängstlich, furchtsam, Angst erregend, unheimlich, bange', baugìnti 'ängstigen, einschüchtern, schrecken'
Lettish: būgns (Oberlett.) 'schrecklich, ängstlich'
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *būgan- vb.
Meaning: run away
Old English: fram-būgan `fliehen'
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-oengl,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 251
Root: bheug-1
English meaning: to flee
German meaning: `fliehen'
General comments: nach Kretschmer (Gl. 30, 138) zu bheug(h)-2 (av. baog- in der intransitivien Bedeutung `sich retten')
Material: Gr. φεύγω (Aor. ἔφυγον, Perf. πέφευγα) `fliehe', φυγή f. (= lat. fuga) `Flucht', hom. φύζα (*φυγι̯α) ds., Akk. φύγα-δε `in die Flucht' vom Kons.-Stamm *φυγ-; vielleicht im ven. ON Φεύγαρον (Westdeutschl.) `Fluchtburg';
lat. fugiō, fūgī, -ere `fliehe, enteile, verschmähe', fuga f. `Flucht';
lit. bū́gstu, bū́gau, bū́gti intr. `erschrecken', kaus. baugìnti `jemd. erschrecken', baugùs `furchtsam'.
References: WP. II 144, 146, WH. I 556 f., Kretschmer Gl. 30, 138.
Pages: 152
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-comments,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *bok[a]
Meaning: run
References: МССНЯ 330, ОСНЯ 1, 181; ND 183 *buk[U] (with some differences); 1685 *ṗu[ḲV]dV 'to run' (rather a derived form than a separate root). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *póki ( ~ -k`-, -e)
Meaning: to run, run away
Russian meaning: бежать, убегать
Comments: A Mong.-Tung. isogloss; high tone can be reconstructed because of Mong. *b-. Cf. perhaps also Jpn. coll. fuke- 'to run away, flee' (dubious because of very late fixation).
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *bög-si-
Meaning: to run (slowly), trot; run (as a hare)
Russian meaning: бежать, трусить, скакать
Written Mongolian: bögsi-
Kalmuck: bökšǝ-
Comments: KW 55. Cf. also Ord. bögö- id. monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-kal,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *pukti-
Meaning: to run, gallop
Russian meaning: бежать, мчаться
Evenki: hukti-
Even: hȫtu-
Negidal: xukti-
Spoken Manchu: fekǝši- (1232)
Literary Manchu: feksi- / fekče-
Ulcha: pukti-
Orok: pukči-
Nanai: pukči-
Oroch: xukti-
Udighe: xukti-
Solon: uktelī-
Comments: ТМС 2, 340-341. Cf. also Evk. hukulwa- 'to ride (along a path)'. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 821
Proto: *pukta
English meaning: to jump, run
German meaning: hüpfen, laufen
Mari (Cheremis): pokte- (KB U B) 'treiben, verjagen, verfolgen'
Khanty (Ostyak): pot- (V) 'davonlaufen, entlaufen'
Hungarian: fut- 'laufen, fliehen; fließen'
Selkup: pakta- (Ta. Ke.) 'springen', (Ty.) 'id., hüpfen, laufen, rennen', pakti̮rti̮- (Tur.) 'über etwas springen'
Kamass: baktǝ- 'kommen' ?
Sammalahti's version: FU *pukta- (mit Lp ok`te-)
Yukaghir parallels: OC
References: Cf. ОСНЯ 181: *pok-ta, with a deriving stem *poke- / *pake- (SKES 470).
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-mar,uralet-khn,uralet-ugr,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,uralet-samm2,uralet-yuk,uralet-lit,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *boŋ-
Meaning : to run
Proto-North Dravidian : *boŋ- Notes : Isolated NDR root with Nostratic parallels.
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-ndr,dravet-notes,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *boŋ-
Meaning : to run
Kurukh : boŋgnā "to run, run away, leave a place for good, keep clear of"
Malto : bon_g̣e "to run, flee"
Additional forms : Also KUR boŋgtaʔānā to make run, carry about or off with great speed, lose (by death or otherwise); MLT bon_g̣tre to cause to run, carry away.
Number in DED : 4473
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-kur,ndret-mlt,ndret-addition,ndret-dednum,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : PVKV
Meaning : run
Sino-Caucasian : ST *Pjuk (~ -ok, -uak) 'expel, banish' African (misc.) : Cf. Bantu *-pújuk- 'escape'; Sandawe bike 'to leave'. globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-afr,globet-reference,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *(ʔa-)bVḳ-
Meaning: run away
Notes: Probably connected with Sem *bVḳaʕ- 'go away' (Arab bqʕ [-a-]).
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-egy,afaset-cch,afaset-agw,afaset-sho,afaset-lec,afaset-hec,afaset-omo,afaset-notes,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 391
Proto-Semitic: *ʔVbiḳ-
Meaning: 'run away (of slaves)'
Arabic: ʔbq [-i-]
Notes: Cf. Arab bqʕ [-a-] 'go away'
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-ara,semet-notes,
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Berber etymology :
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Proto-Berber: *bVḳVy-
Meaning: 'hurry, hasten'
Qabyle (Ayt Mangellat): bbuqqi
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-qbl,
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Egyptian etymology :
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Old Egyptian: bḳ
Meaning: 'run' (pyr)
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *ʔabaḳ-
Meaning: 'drive'
Dghwede=Zǝɣwana: bákà [Kr: 115]
Mandara=Wandala: ʔabǝ̀kà [Kr: 91]
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-dgh,cchet-mnd,
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Central Cushitic (Agaw) etymology :
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Proto-Agaw: *buḳ-
Meaning: 'run away'
Awiya (Aungi): buḳ-, buk-
agwet-prnum,agwet-meaning,agwet-aun,
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Saho-Afar etymology :
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Proto-Saho-Afar: *buk-
Meaning: 'running away'
Saho: buka, bukaa
shoet-prnum,shoet-meaning,shoet-saho,
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Low East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-Low East Cushitic: *baḳ-
Meaning: 'run away'1, 'flee' 2
Somali: baqa-d- 1
Oromo (Galla): baqa 2
Arbore: baqa-ḍ-
lecet-prnum,lecet-meaning,lecet-som,lecet-oro,lecet-arb,
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High East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-High East Cushitic: *baḳ-
Meaning: 'flee'
Darasa (Gedeo): baḳ-at-
Burji (Bambala, Dashe): baḳa-ḍ-
hecet-prnum,hecet-meaning,hecet-dar,hecet-bmb,
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Omotic etymology :
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Proto-Omotic: *biḳ-
Meaning: 'run away'
Ometo: biḳ-ič-
omoet-prnum,omoet-meaning,omoet-ome,
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