Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *k(')rAy-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: ram, deer

Old Greek: krīó-s m. `Widder, Schafbock'

Germanic: *xrai-n-a- m.

Russ. meaning: скот (баран/олень)

References: WP I 403 f

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *xraina-z

Meaning: reindeer

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: hrein-n m. `Renntier'; hrein-dǖri

Norwegian: rein

Swedish: ren; rendjur

Danish: rensdür

Old English: hrān (hrǟn), -es m. `reindeer'

English: reindeer

German: Renntier

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *HUbV

Meaning: to plait, weave

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *Hwebh-

Kartvelian: *ɣob-

References: Климов 1994, 72-74; ND 710 *GUbV 'to plait, weave, wattle' (+ Arab.).

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣob-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: плести

English meaning: to plait

Georgian: ɣob- 'to block', ɣobe 'hedge'

Megrel: ɣob- 'to plait', ɣober- 'hedge'

Svan: ɣob, ɣweb

Svan meaning (Rus.): улей

Svan meaning (Eng.): bee-hive

Laz: ɣob- 'to plait', ɣober- 'hedge'

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 205, EWK 393. Ср. ПИЕ *(H)webh- 'ткать, плести' (сравнение см. Климов 1994, 72-74, однако предположение о заимствовании совершенно не обязательно; слово может представлять и исконный ностратический фонд).

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : HVPV

Meaning : to plait, weave

Eurasiatic : *HUbV

Afroasiatic : *ʔVbaw-

Sino-Caucasian : *pV́HV (*HVpV)

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔVbaw-

Meaning: cord; tie

Egyptian: wꜣb (sarc) 'cord'

Central Chadic: *[HV]bway- 'tie' 1, 'weave' 2, 'twist' 3

Notes: Scarce data.

Egyptian etymology :

Old Egyptian: wꜣb (sarc)

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'cord'

Central Chadic etymology :

Proto-CChadic: *[HV]bway-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'tie' 1, 'weave' 2, 'twist' 3

Mafa=Matakam: -vaw- 3

Bachama: ḅwéyò 1

Bata: bwe~ 1

Peve: bǝ 2

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *pV́HV (*HVpV)

Meaning: to weave

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: PWC *pa- 'weave, plait'

Sino-Tibetan: *[ph]ăŋH

Yenisseian: *pVʔV

Comments and references : HGC 36.

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *[ph]ăŋH

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: twist, spin, spindle

Chinese: 紡 *phaŋʔ twist, spin.

Tibetan: phaŋ spindle.

Kachin: gǝbaŋ³ a hand-spindle.

Comments: Thebor phaŋ spindle; Simon 16, Ben. 25.

Chinese characters :

Character: 紡

Modern (Beijing) reading: fǎng

Preclassic Old Chinese: phaŋʔ

Classic Old Chinese: pháŋ

Western Han Chinese: pháŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: phwáŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: phwáŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: phwáŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: phwáŋ

Middle Chinese: phwáŋ

English meaning : twist, spin

Russian meaning[s]: прясть; плести; вить, сучить

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 120

Four-angle index: 4231

Karlgren code: 0740 r

Chinese Dialects :

Number: 1024

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 紡

MC description : 宕合三上養敷

ZIHUI: 4791 2238

Beijing: faŋ 2

Jinan: faŋ 2

Xi'an: faŋ 2

Taiyuan: fa_̃ 2

Hankou: faŋ 2

Chengdu: faŋ 2

Yangzhou: fâŋ 2

Suzhou: fa_ŋ 2

Wenzhou: xuɔ 21

Changsha: fan 2

Shuangfeng: xaŋ 2

Nanchang: фuɔŋ 2

Meixian: fɔŋ 2

Guangzhou: fɔŋ 21

Xiamen: hɔŋ 2 (lit.); phaŋ 2

Chaozhou: huaŋ 21

Fuzhou: xuɔŋ 2

Shanghai: fa_̃ 3

Yenisseian etymology :

Proto-Yenisseian: *pVʔV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to wind (rope etc.)

Ket: hʌ:³

Yug: fъ:³

Kottish: fo-fūjaŋ (pret. fōna-fūjaŋ, imp. fan-fui)

Comments: ССЕ 254. Werner 1, 342 <*p^hǝp^hǝ>.

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