Pokorny's dictionary : List with all references

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Number: 1437

Root: ōus-1 : ǝus-

English meaning: mouth

German meaning: `Mund, Mündung, Rand'

Derivatives: ǝus-tā `Lippe', ǝus-tii̯om `Mündung'

Material: Auf idg. *ōus gehen zurück: ai. ā́-ḥ n. `Mund' (vgl. ās-án- sd., āsyám n. `Mund, Öffnung'), av. āh-, ā̊ŋhan- ds.; lat. ōs, ōris `Mund, Antlitz, Rand, Ufer'; aber mir. ā Gen. Sg. `Mund' aus *ōsos;

dazu ā-Ableitung: ved. āsayā́ `von Mund zu Mund' (Instr.); lat. ōra `Rand, Saum, Grenze, bes. Meeresküste', dazu cōram Adv. (u. Präp.) `angesichts, in Gegenwart, vor', Nachbildung von palam, clam aus *co-ōro- `vor dem Angesicht befindlich'; aureae (ōreae) `Gebiß am Zaum', davon aurīga (ōriga) `Wagenlenker' (-igā zu agō); ōsculum `Kuß' ist Demin. von ōs;

aisl. ōss m. `Flußmündung' (germ. *ōsaz), hierzu ags. ōr n., ōra m. `Rand, Anfang'; aus ags. ōr ist mir. or `ora, margo, linea', acymr. ōr ds. entlehnt.

Die schwache Stufe idg. *ǝus- erweist: alb. anë `Seite, Saum, Ufer, Borte' (*ausnā); eventuell auch hitt. aiš, Gen. iššaš n. `Mund' (*ai̯es, *aisos)? s. Pedersen Hitt. 47 f.

t-Ableitungen sind ai. ṓṣṭha- m. n. `Lippe', av. aošta-, aoštra- ds. (*ǝus-), lat. ōstium `Eingang, Flußmündung' (= slav. *ustьje); aksl. usta Pl. `Mund'; slav. *ustьje n. `Mündung' ist anzusetzen nach bulg. ústije, russ. ústьje usw.; vgl. aksl. ustьna, slov. ûstna `Lippe'; aksl.ustiti (naustiti) `bewegen, anregen, überreden'; wahrscheinlich aksl. uzda usw. `Zaum'; lett. ap-aûši (*-austi̯-) `Halfter'; apr. austo `Mund' (Nom. Plur.?; Akk. Sg. āustin), lit. áuščioti `schwatzen, munkeln', lett. aũšât `schwatzen'; ablautend lit. uostà f., úostas m. `Flußmündung, Haff', lett. uosts m., uōsta f. `Hafen'.

References: WP. I 168 f., WH. II 224 f., Trautmann 19 f.

Pages: 784-785

PIE database: PIE database

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Indo-European etymology :

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Proto-IE: *ō(w)ǝs- <PIH *ō->

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: lip, mouth (outer)

Hittite: ais, Gen. issas n. 'Mund' (Pedersen Hitt. 47 f)

Old Indian: ā́s n. `mouth, face', āsyà- n. `mouth, jaws'; óṣṭha- m. `lip'

Avestan: āh- 'Mund, Maul, Öffnung einer Wunde', aošta-, aoštra- 'Lippe'

Old Greek: parẹ̄ǟ́, aeol. pl. parâu̯ai̯ f. `Wangen', parḗio-n n. `Wange, Backenstücke'

Slavic: *ūstā; *ūštьje; *ūstьnā, *ūzdā́

Baltic: *ō̂st-a- (2) c., *ō̂st-ā̂ (2) f., *aûst-jā̂- (1) vb.

Germanic: *ṓs-a- m., n., *ōz-án- m.

Latin: ōs, gen. ōris n. `Mund; Gesichtsausdruck, Gesicht, Maske; Mündung'; ōra f. `Rand, Saum, Grenze; Meerküste, Region'; pl. aureae, ōreae `Gebiss am Zaum'; aureax `auriga'; aurīga, ōrīga `Wagenlenker, Pferdelenker'; ausculum, ōsculum `Mündchen, Kuss'; ōstium n. (inschr. austium, Rom *ūstjǫ) `Eingang, Türe; Flussmündung'

Russ. meaning: губа; рот (внешн.)

References: WP I 168 f

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Vasmer's dictionary :

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Word: уста́

Near etymology: мн., укр., блр. вуста́, др.-русск., ст.-слав. оуста στόμα (Супр.), болг. уста́ (Младенов 656), сербохорв. у́ста, словен. ústa, чеш., слвц. ústa, польск. usta, в.-луж. wusta, н.-луж. husta.

Further etymology: Праслав. *ustа -- форма мн., а не дв., вопреки М. Брауну (Koll. 2, 3, 5), потому что здесь две части образуют одно целое; см. Мейе, Ét, 176; Ломан, ZfslPh 8, 421. Родственно др.-прусск. austo "рот", лит. áuščioti "болтать, шептаться", др.-инд. вед. ṓṣṭhas м. "губа", дв. ч. ṓṣṭhāu "губы", авест. аоštа- м. "губа", лат. ausculum, буквально "ротик". Др. ступень чередования гласных: лит. uostà ж.,úоstаs м. "устье, гавань", др.-инд. ās-, āsán-, āsyám ср. р. "рот", лат. ōs, род. п. ōris ср. р. "рот", авест. āh- -- то же, ирл. ā "рот", др.-исл. óss м. "устье реки", лат. ōstium -- то же; см. И. Шмидт, Pluralb. 221, 407; Траутман, ВSW 19 и сл.; Вальде -- Гофм. 2, 224; Уленбек, Aind. Wb. 22; М.--Э. 4, 422; Хольтхаузен, Awn. Wb. 217; Френкель, Lit. Wb. 26 и сл.

Pages: 4,172

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Baltic etymology :

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Proto-Baltic: *ō̂st-a- (1) c., *ō̂st-ā̂ (1/2) f., *aûst-jā̂- (1) vb.

Meaning: opening, mouth (of the river)

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Lithuanian: úosta-s, uostà `Flüssmundung, Hafen'; áuščiōti `schwatzen, reden'; úoksa-s 'Öffnung, Hohlraum, Höhlung in einem Baumstamm', dial. úoksva-s

Lettish: uõsts m., uõsta, uôsta f. 'Flussmundung; Hafen'; aũša c., aušis `Schwätzer; Alberner, Unbändiger, Windbeutel, Faselhans', aũšât (-ãju) `schwatzen, faseln, aus der Schule plaudern; albern, sich albern oder unruhig aufführen, unartig sein, tollen'

Old Prussian: austo, acc. sg. āustin `Maul, Mund'

Comments: ? Lett uõksts (gen. -s), uoksta, uokste 'Hintere, Vertiefung zwischen den Hüften, Scham'

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Germanic etymology :

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Proto-Germanic: *ṓsa-z, *ōzá-n, *ōzḗn

Meaning: mouth

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: ōs-s m. `Flussmundung'

Norwegian: os

Swedish: os

Danish: os

Old English: ōr, -es n. `beginning, origin; front, van', ōra, -an m. `border, edge, margin, bank'

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *HońcV

Meaning: edge

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *ōus- ?

Altaic: *ūč`i

Uralic: *ońća [+ POs. *ŏǹčǝɣ 'jaw']

Kartvelian: ? *ɣać̣w-; cf. also Svan wišḳw 'mouth'

Comments: Cf. *HV(w)[č`]V.

References: ОСНЯ 1, 253-254; ND 827 *[ħ]oNća 'end, edge' (Turk.+Ur. + Eg. 'corner'; + SCush. 'tail'?); 737 *Gan̄[ĉ̣]U 'cheek' (POs. + Kartv. + ?TM *andas- + Cush.).

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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *ū́č`i

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: end, edge

Russian meaning: конец, край

Turkic: *ūč

Mongolian: *üǯüɣür

Korean: *učuk

Comments: Medial -ǯ- in Mong. must be due to assimilation.

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Turkic etymology :

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Proto-Turkic: *ūč

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: end, edge

Russian meaning: конец, край

Old Turkic: uč (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: uč (MK)

Turkish: uč

Tatar: ŭč

Middle Turkic: uč (AH)

Uzbek: uč

Sary-Yughur: uč

Azerbaidzhan: uǯ

Turkmen: ūč

Khakassian: us

Shor: uč

Oyrat: uč

Chuvash: vǝʷś

Yakut: uhuk

Dolgan: uhuk

Tuva: uš

Kirghiz: uč

Kazakh: ŭš

Noghai: uš

Bashkir: ŭs

Gagauz: uč

Karaim: uč

Karakalpak: uš

Comments: EDT 17-18, ЭСТЯ 1, 611-612, Stachowski 241. The derived *ūč-ɨk 'end (of thread etc.)' (ЭСТЯ 1, 615-616) > Mong. učig 'end of thread') (despite TMN 2, 135).

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Mongolian etymology :

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Proto-Mongolian: *üǯüɣür

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: end, edge

Russian meaning: конец, край

Written Mongolian: üǯügür (L 1017)

Middle Mongolian: uǯu'uren 'bis zum Ende' (HYt)

Khalkha: üʒǖr

Buriat: üzǖr

Kalmuck: üzǖr

Ordos: üǯǖr

Dongxian: uǯu

Baoan: nǯor (Тод. Бн.), uǯir

Dagur: xuǯūr (Тод. Даг. 179), huǯure (MD 166)

Shary-Yoghur: ǯǖr

Monguor: rʒ́ū 'pointe, sommet, cime' (SM 312), uǯūr

Comments: KW 460, MGCD 689. Initial x- in Dag. is not clear: under the influence of xoǯōr 'root' < *hiǯaɣur (?)

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Korean etymology :

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Proto-Korean: *učuk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: top of a tree, upper branches

Russian meaning: верхушка дерева

Modern Korean: uǯuk

Comments: KED 1242.

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Uralic etymology :

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Number: 678

Proto: *ońća

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: front, front part

German meaning: Vorder-, Vorderers, Vorteil

Finnish: otsa 'Stirn'

Estonian: ots (gen. otsa) 'Ende, Spitze, Gipfel, Stirn'

Mari (Cheremis): anzǝ̑l (KB), ońʒ́ǝl (U) 'das vordere, Vorder-', ońʒ́ǝ̑l (B) 'Vortuch', anzǝ̑lnǝ̑ (KB), ońʒ́ǝ̑lno (B) 'vor'

Udmurt (Votyak): aǯ́ (S), aʒ́, aź (K G) 'Vorderteil; Ort, Platz', aǯ́i̮n (S) 'vor'

Komi (Zyrian): voʒ́ (S), oʒ́ (P), uʒ́ (PO) 'Vorderraum, Vorderes', voʒ́i̮n (S) 'vor'

Hungarian: agy 'Gehirn, Mark; Nabe; (altung.) Schädel' ?

Addenda: Kar. oč́č́a 'Stirn, Vorderseite'; Liv. vō͕ntsa, vùo̯ntsa 'Stirn' ( > Saam. vi̊øhce (T), uø_ihc (Kld.) 'Stirn')

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Kartvelian etymology :

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Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣać̣w-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: щека

English meaning: cheek

Georgian: Old Georg. ɣac̣w-

Svan: ɣāč̣a, ɣāč̣ōl

Notes and references: EWK 386. ? Ср. ПИЕ *ōus(t)- 'рот, губа'.

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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : HVNCV

Meaning : edge

Eurasiatic : *Hońća

Notes : So far only EA.

Reference : ОСНЯ 1, 253-254. ND 106 *ʔ[ü]ʒʔV (or *ʔ[ü]hʒ́V?) 'throat; to swallow) compares PIE with PSH *ʔVʒʔV (?) 'throat, drink' (??)

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Total pages generated	Pages generated by this script
374781	3999580

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