Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology :

Proto-Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *qĕphǝ-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning (Rus.): зуб, пенек

Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *qep[ʁ]uru

Proto-Itelmen: *k'ǝp ", *pk'i-

Chukchee-Koryak etymology :

Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *qep[ʁ]uru (~ ạ)

Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology: Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology

Meaning (Rus.): пенек, оленний рог, спиленный под корень

Chukchee: qɛ́pʔuru, (АБ) qɛpʔuru-uttǝ-n

Itelmen etymology :

Proto-Itelmen: *k'ǝp ", *pk'i-

Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology: Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology

Meaning (Rus.): зуб

Itelmen: kǝp-kǝp** 1, pk-'in poss. 2

Itelmen meaning: зуб 1, с зубами 2, зубной 3

West Itelmen: kip-kip (kp-in pl.) 1, 'ixp-kin 2

West Itelmen meaning: dens 1, dentatus 2

West Itelmen meaning (Polish): ząb 1, mający zęby 2

South Itelmen: kǝp-kǝp (kǝp-ǝd, kip-ud pl.)

South Itelmen meaning (Latin): dens

South Itelmen meaning (Polish): ząb

Number in Volodin 1976: 217

Volodin-Zhukova reference: 336

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *ḳVmbV

Meaning: tooth, sharp edge

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *ǵebh- (+*ǵembh- 315)

Altaic: *k`èmá

Kartvelian: *ḳb-

Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *qĕphǝ-

Comments: For PIE cf. also PA *kĕ̀ma 'gnaw, bite' (759)?

References: МССНЯ 346; ND 987 *ḳäbʔV 'to bite' (part. also ND 644, see *kanVbV - a lot of confusion). Cf. PAA *g[a:]m 'molars'.

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *g'Ap- (-ph-), -b-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: mouth (of animal), crop

Avestan: zafarǝ, zafan- `Mund, Rachen'

Slavic: *zobātī, *zobljǭ; *zobъ

Baltic: *ǯē̂b-ē̂- (1) vb.; *ǯē̃̃b- (ǯē̃b-, *ǯē̃b-ja-) vb.

Germanic: *kif-ja- vb.

Celtic: OIr gop `Schnabel, Mund', Ir gob `Schnabel, Mund'

Russ. meaning: пасть, зоб

References: WP I 570 f

Baltic etymology :

Proto-Baltic: *dur̂- (-ja-) vb. tr., etc.

Meaning: stechen

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Lithuanian: dùrti

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *kifjan-

Meaning: gnaw

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old High German: { kiffen 'глодать' }

Middle High German: kifelen, kifen, kifern wk. 'nagen, kauen'

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *k`èmá

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: sharp, sharp tool

Russian meaning: острый, острое орудие

Tungus-Manchu: *xemer

Japanese: *kàmá

Comments: A Tung.-Jpn. isogloss.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xemer

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 sharp 2 easy going

Russian meaning: 1 острый 2 легкий, легко идущий

Evenki: emer

Even: emъr

Negidal: emejigdi

Ulcha: xomburu(n) 2

Orok: xemberu 1,2

Nanai: xemberũ 2

Oroch: xemberu 2

Udighe: emei 1, 2

Comments: ТМС 2, 453.

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *kàmá

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sickle

Russian meaning: серп

Old Japanese: kama

Middle Japanese: kàmá

Tokyo: káma

Kyoto: kàmá

Kagoshima: kamá

Comments: JLTT 435.

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *ḳb-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: кусать

English meaning: to bite

Georgian: ḳb-; ḳb-il- 'tooth'

Megrel: ḳib-; ḳib-ir- 'tooth'

Laz: ḳib-; ḳib-ir- 'tooth'

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 106-107, EWK 186-187. Возможно *ḳmb-, ср. туш. ḳm-il- 'зуб'. Иллич-Свитыч (ОСНЯ 1, 314) выводит из ностр. *ḳaba / *ḳap`a 'хватать', что сомнительно; скорее ср. ПИЕ *ǵembh- 'протыкать; зуб', ПТМ *xember- 'острый край', драв. *kompu 'рог; клык'.

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : KVMPV

Meaning : tooth, sharp edge

Eurasiatic : *ḳVmbV

Sino-Caucasian : ST *q(r)ām 'jaw, cheek'; Bur. *qham 'palate, throat' ?

Austric : PAA *g[a:]m molars

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