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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *pVnrV
Meaning: nail, needle
nostret-meaning,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *bend-
Meaning: pointed peg, nail, edge
Celtic: MIr benn `Horn, Gipfel', bennach `spitzig'; Cymr ban m. `excelsum, altum, procerum', MBret ban `éminence, saillie, hauteur'
Russ. meaning: острый колышек, гвоздь, острие
Comments: Lat pinna ?
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-germ,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *pinn=, *pint=
Meaning: pin, nail
Old English: pennian `schliessen'; pinn `pin, peg'; on-pennian `to unpen, open'
English: pen `schliessen', pin
East Frisian: penne = pinne
Old Franconian: pin `paxillus'
Middle Low German: pin, pinne `Pinne, Spitze, Nagel, Zwecke, Pflock'
Low German: pennen `eine Tür (mit einem Bolzen) verriegeln'
Middle High German: { md. pinz `subula' }, phinne, vinne st./wk. f. 'nagel; finne'
German: bair. pfonzer, pfunzer `zugespitzter Knüttel'
Comments: Lat pinna
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-eastfris,germet-olfrank,germet-mlg,germet-lg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,germet-notes,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 167
Root: bend-, bn̥d-no-
English meaning: spike, needle, etc.
German meaning: `vorspringende Spitze'
General comments: vielleicht in folgenden kelt. und germ. Wörtern:
Material: Mir. benn `Horn, Gipfel' (*bn̥d-no- oder *bend-no-?), bennach `spitzig', cymr. bann m. `Anhöhe, Gipfel, Horn (*bn̥d-no-)', mbret. ban `éminence, saillie, hauteur', gall.*ande-banno- > frz. auvent `Schutzdach' (eig. `großes Horn'), Jud Rom. 49, 389 f., gall. dial. lacus Bēnācus, wenn für Bennācus, `der Gehörnte' (Sirmione), aus *benno- (idg. *bend-no- oder*bn̥d-no-); west-fläm. pint `Spitze', mnd. pint `penis', mhd. (mnd.) pinz `subula', ags.pintel `penis' (engl. pintle auch noch `Pflock'), norw. pintol `penis', wozu wohl mit Ablaut nhd.-bair. pfouzer, pfunzer `zugespitzter Knüttel'; mit den kelt. Formen entsprechendem n-Suffix (*penn- aus *bend-n-) and. pin `paxillus', mnd. pin, pinne `Pinne, Spitze, Nagel, Pflock', mhd. pfinne f. `Nagel', ags. pinn `Pflock, Stiff, spätaisl. pinni m. ds., ablaut. *pann- in ostfries. penne = pinne, ndd. pennen `eine Tür (mit einem Bolzen) verriegeln', ags. on-pennian `öffnen', engl. pen `schließen', ags. penn m. `Pferch'.
References: Johansson KZ. 36, 347 f. (auch gegen Entlehnung von Pinne aus lat. pinna, an welcher Kluge11 festhält).
WP. II 109 f.
Pages: 96-97
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-comments,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *píńŕa
Meaning: needle
Russian meaning: игла
Comments: KW 46, Martin 237. Despite Doerfer's skepticism (TMN 2, 311), Ramstedt's comparison still holds. Low tone in Jpn. is perhaps due to contraction (it does not match either Kor. or *b- in Mong.). altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *bińŕ (*biŋŕ)
Meaning: awl
Russian meaning: шило
Turkish: biz
Tatar: bez
Uzbek: bigiz
Uighur: biz
Sary-Yughur: pɨz-, puz-
Azerbaidzhan: biz
Turkmen: bijz/bīz
Khakassian: pǝs
Shor: pis
Oyrat: mis
Tuva: bis
Tofalar: bis
Kirghiz: miz
Kazakh: biz, dial. bigiz
Noghai: biz
Bashkir: beδ
Balkar: miz
Karaim: biz
Karakalpak: biz
Kumyk: biz
Comments: VEWT 75, ЭСТЯ 2, 130-131, TMN 2, 311. The Chag. form bigiz is quite strange: perhaps it is a result of denasalization of *biŋiz < *biŋŕ (this would then suggest a velar nasal in the root). turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *birim
Meaning: awl
Russian meaning: шило
Written Mongolian: birim
Kalmuck: birṃ
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-kal,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *pi[ńr]a
Meaning: 1 thick needle 2 fish-hook
Russian meaning: 1 толстая игла 2 удочка, рыболовный крючок
Evenki: hinna (dial. hinda, hindra) 2
Nanai: bịnǯā
Comments: ТМС 1, 83, 2, 325. Phonology is somewhat irregular (perhaps due to a rare medial cluster): in Nan. *pịnǯã would be expected. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *pànắr (/-r-)
Meaning: needle
Russian meaning: игла
Modern Korean: panɨl
Middle Korean: pànắr, parăr
Comments: Nam 236, 238, KED 703. koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *pàrí
Meaning: needle
Russian meaning: игла
Old Japanese: pari
Middle Japanese: fàrí
Tokyo: hári
Kyoto: hàrí
Kagoshima: harí
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 738
Proto: *pänV
English meaning: whetstone; to whet
German meaning: Wetzstein; wetzen
Udmurt (Votyak): penon 'Schleifstein'
Mansi (Vogul): pɔ̄̈nl- (KU) 'schleifen'
Hungarian: fen- 'schärfen, wetzen, dial. Wetzstein'
Sammalahti's version: *pänV-
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-udm,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-samm2,
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