Afroasiatic etymology : List with all references

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʒVry/ʔ/ʕ- ~ *ǯVry/ʔ/ʕ 1, /w/ʔ/ʕ ~ *ʒry/wʔ/ʕ 2

Meaning: seed, sowing, sown field 1, to sow, cultivate 2

Semitic: *ʒVry/ʔ/ʕ- ~ *ǯVry/ʔ/ʕ 1, *ʒry/wʔ/ʕ ~ *ǯry/w/ʔ/ʕ 2

Egyptian: *ʒVr or *ǯVr 'k. of field'

Western Chadic: *ǯur- or *ʒur- 'groundnuts'

Beḍauye (Beja): deráʔ 'seed' (?)

Central Cushitic (Agaw): *zur- 'wheat', *zi/ar- 'to sow, cultivate'

Saho-Afar: *da/ira/i(y) 'seed'

Low East Cushitic: *zary- 'seed'

High East Cushitic: *zari-t- 'seed'

Omotic: *ǯVry- or *ʒVry- 'seed', *ǯyr or *ʒyr 'to sow'

Notes: (related to, or contaminated with, No. 32 *ǯrr/w/y/ʔ ~ *wǯr 'to scatter, spread (seed), winnow'?). According to Lamb. Wol., 561-2, all Cu. and Om. forms are borrowed from Eth.; a wide spread of these forms in three branches of Cu., however, rather speaks for their Afras. origin; borrowing of the Om. forms from Eth. or E. Cu. is possible

Number: 1951

Proto-Semitic: *ʒVry/ʔ/ʕ- ~ *ǯVry/ʔ/ʕ 1, *ʒry/wʔ/ʕ ~ *ǯry/w/ʔ/ʕ 2

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: seed, sowing, sown field 1, to sow, cultivate 2

Akkadian: zēru (zarʔu) 'seed (of cereals and of other plants); acreage, arable land' OAkk. on (CAD z, 89)

Ugaritic: d/d_rʕ 'simiente, grano de siembta, sementera; semilla', drʕ 'sembrar, diseminar' (DLU, 137)

Phoenician: Ph. Yaud. zrʕ (HAL, 1867-8)

Hebrew: zrʕ 'to sow', zäraʕ 'seed' (HAL, 1867-8)

Aramaic: Bib. zǝraʕ 'seed, descendance', Emp. Eg. zrʕ (HAL, 1867-8)

Judaic Aramaic: drʕ 'to sow', dǝraʕ, darʕā 'seed, produce, offspring' (Ja., 324), zǝraʕ, zarʕā 'seed', zrʕ 'to strew, sow' (Ibid., 414)

Syrian Aramaic: zrʕ 'seminavit', zarʕā 'semen' (Brock., 207)

Mandaic Aramaic: ZRA 'to sow, scatter' (DM, 170), zira 'seed, semen' (Ibid., 167)

Arabic: d_ry/w 'répandre la semence (en semant), semer' (BK 1, 771), d_urat- 'dorra, espèce de millet' (Ibid., 772), d_rʔ 'ensemencer (la terre)' (BK 1, 767), zrʕ 'semer, répandre la semence; ensemencer un champ de quelque graine', zurʕ- 'semence; céréales sur pied, champ cultivé' (Ibid., 124)

Epigraphic South Arabian: Sab. m-d_rʔ-t 'sown field, sown ground' (SD, 40)

Geʕez (Ethiopian): zarʔa, zarʕa 'to seed, sow, scatter seed', zarʔ 'seed, seedling, plantation' (LGz., 642)

Tigre: zärʔa 'to seed, sow' (LGz., 642)

Tigrai (Tigriñña): zärʔe 'to seed, sow' (LGz., 642)

Amharic: zärra 'to seed, sow' (LGz., 642)

Argobba: zärra

Gafat: zärrä 'to seed, sow' (LGz., 642)

Harari: zäraʔa 'to seed, sow' (LGz., 642)

Gurage: *zärra 'to seed, sow' (LGz., 642); *zär 'grain, seed, ancestor, origin, ethnic group' (LGur., 713)

Mehri: zūra '(plants) to grow', ha-zrē 'to cultivate', S. Mhr. zǝrɛ̄t 'plantation, cultivated area' (JM, 469), d_ǝráyyǝt 'offspring' (Ibid., 81)

Jibbali: zéraʕ '(plants) to grow', ezóraʕ 'to plant many seeds', zéraʕ 'farmer' (JJ, 320), d_ǝrrít 'progeny, offspring' (Ibid., 47)

Soqotri: deri 'semence' (LS, 135)

Notes: cf. also Mhr. d_ǝrēt JM, 82, Jib. d_érɛ́t 'sorghum, dhurah' JJ, 47, likely Arabisms

Old Egyptian: zꜣ

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'Bez. der achtel Arure, acht Aruren Acker' Gr., late Eg. (EG III, 411), 'Art Acker' Gr. (Ibid., 414)

Proto-WChadic: *ǯur- or *ʒur-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'groundnuts'

Pero: ǯúrà 'groundnuts' Frajz. 1985, 34 (no other voiced sibilant or affricate in Pero to render *ǯ or *ʒ)

Bedauye: deráʔ

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'Samen' (Reinisch 1895, 70; unless an Arabism; cf. sérʔa id., seraʔ 'säen' Ibid., 204; Afras. *ʒ and *ǯ yield Beja d and y according to Takács 1999, 267-8, while Afras. *ʒ > Beja s/š and Afras. ǯ > Beja d according to Dolgopolsky 1973, 326)

Proto-Agaw: *zur- 1, *zi/ar- 2

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'wheat' 1, 'to sow, cultivate' 2

Khamir: zürû 'Weizen' (Reinisch 1884, 411), zir- 'to sow' (Lamb. Wol., 562)

Qemant: zar- 'to sow' (Lamb. Wol., 562)

Awiya (Aungi): zer 'to cultivate' (Lamb. Wol., 562)

Proto-Saho-Afar: *da/ira/i(y)

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'seed'

Saho: dara 'seed', -idiriy- 'to cultivate' (Lamb. Wol., 562)

Afar (Danakil): diriyi 'seed' ibid.

Proto-Low East Cushitic: *zary-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'seed'

Konso: Gid. zare 'seed' cultivate' (Lamb. Wol., 562)

Proto-High East Cushitic: *zari-t-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'seed'

Hadiya (Gudella): zare-tta 'seed' (Lamb. Wol., 562)

Alaba: zari-ta 'seed' (Lamb. Wol., 562)

Qabenna: zare-tta 'seed' (Lamb. Wol., 562)

Proto-Omotic: *ǯVry- or *ʒVry- 1, *ǯyr or *ʒyr 2

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'seed' 1, 'to sow' 2

Ometo: Wol. zer- 'to spread, to seed'(Lamb. Wol., 561), zere-tta, Malo zere-ts, Gamu, Dač̣e zere-ttsi, Bench zar 'seed', Kač̣. zeer- 'to sow' (Ibid., 562)

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Semitic etymology :

Egyptian etymology :

West Chadic etymology :

Bedauye (Beja) etymology :

Central Cushitic (Agaw) etymology :

Saho-Afar etymology :

Low East Cushitic etymology :

High East Cushitic etymology :

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