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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *muluʕ- (?)
Meaning: lizard
Notes: Scarce data.
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-wch,afaset-sho,afaset-lec,afaset-notes,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *muluH-
Meaning: 'gray lizard'
Bokos: mulú-sûs
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-bks,
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Saho-Afar etymology :
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Proto-Saho-Afar: *muluʕ-
Meaning: 'lizard'
Afar (Danakil): mulluʕ-it
shoet-prnum,shoet-meaning,shoet-afar,
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Low East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-Low East Cushitic: *muluʕ-
Meaning: 'lizard'
Somali: muluʕa
lecet-prnum,lecet-meaning,lecet-som,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : MVLV
Meaning : lizard, worm
Amerind (misc.) : *mulu 'fly; mosquito' ? (R 285) Reference : ND 1411, 1417, 2580. globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-amer,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *mVxlV ( ~ *mVlxV)
Meaning: lizard, slug
Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *mǝl Comments: Cf. also CK *mǝl 'louse', PIE *mol(w) 'moth'.
References: ND 1411a *melVɣ/χV 'lizard, small reptile', 1417a *mAlaŋkV 'eel, worm, snake' (traces of this root may have been preserved in Mong. - melekei, Drav. - *malaŋ-, and Jap. - munagi - but mixed up with reflexes of different roots); 2580 *χUḷV 'lizard, snake' (same Kartv. + var. SH + dub. Alt. and Drav.). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-kart,nostret-chuk,nostret-notes,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *molk-, -g-
Meaning: slug, salamander
Albanian: moɫēz Eidechse
Russ. meaning: жаба (слизень, саламандра)
References: WP II 284 f
piet-meaning,piet-slav,piet-germ,piet-alb,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: смолж
Near etymology: "улитка", только др.-русск. смолжь, Речь тонкосл. греч. 966 (Фасмер, Gesprächb. 177), блр. смоўж -- то же, чеш. mlž "моллюск", польск. maɫż -- то же, полаб. mouz "улитка". В стороне стоит болг. ме́лчев, ме́лчов, ме́лчо "улитка", которое связано с рум. melc -- то же, melciu, македонск.-рум. zmélciu -- то же; см. Тиктин (2, 966), который пытается связать последние формы с лат. mūrех.
Further etymology: Во всяком случае, исконнослав. и, вероятно, связано с моло́зиво, молоко́. Существует поверье, что различные животные отсасывают молоко у домашнего скота; ср. об этом Риглер, WuS 7, 141, без слав. слов. Ср. укр. молокоси́с "ящерица" (Карлович 382), др.-инд. gōdhā́ "ящерица": лат. būfō "жаба", первонач. "сосущая коров" (Людерс, ZDМG 96, 44 и сл.)
Trubachev's comments: [См. еще Махек, "Slavia", 28, 1959, стр. 273. -- Т.]
Pages: 3,690
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-trubachev,vasmer-pages,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *múlxa-z, *múlxēn
Meaning: lizard, salamander
Old Saxon: molle
Middle Low German: molle
Old High German: mol (um 800), mol(l) (um 1100), molm (9.Jh.), molt (Hs. 12.Jh.)
Middle High German: mol, molle st./wk. m. 'eidechse, molche'
German: Molche `Salamander' (15.Jh.)
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-osax,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *mi̯olk`o
Meaning: to creep, slide
Russian meaning: ползти, скользить
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *mölki-
Meaning: to creep
Russian meaning: ползти
Written Mongolian: mölkü- (L 546) Khalkha: mölxö-
Buriat: mülxi-
Kalmuck: mölkǝ-
Ordos: mölχö-
Shary-Yoghur: mǝlgǝ-
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mogh,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *milkü- / *mirkü-
Meaning: to creep
Russian meaning: ползти
Evenki: mirki-, dial. milki-
Even: mirkъ-
Negidal: mīxi-
Spoken Manchu: muči-, ḿuči- (1236, 2302)
Literary Manchu: miču-, miǯi-
Ulcha: miču-
Orok: mitu-
Nanai: miku-
Oroch: mikki-
Udighe: miki-
Solon: milki-
Comments: ТМС 1, 537-538. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *mǝkǝ-jǝp- (~-ua-)
Meaning: to creep (as snake)
Russian meaning: ползти (о змее)
Old Japanese: m(w)ok(w)oj(w)op- ( ~ -g-)
Middle Japanese: mokojof-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *mxul-
Russian meaning: ящерица
English meaning: lizard
Georgian: xvl-iḳ- (Old Georg. mxwliv-)
Megrel: xvil-ar-, xvel-ar-, xol-ar-, xvi-ar-
Laz: (m)xol-ur-, pxor-ul-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 144, EWK 255-256. Ср., может быть, ПСК *mHilaGwV (/*GHwimalV) 'червь' (NCED 817-818).
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-laz,kartet-notes,
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Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *'ǝmlǝ
Meaning (Rus.): вошь
kamet-prnum,kamet-meaning,kamet-chuk,kamet-itel,
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Chukchee-Koryak etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *mǝmlǝ #, *ǝml-, *-ǝmlǝ(-)
Meaning (Rus.): вошь 1, насекомое 2, лягушка, насекомое 3
Chukchee: mǝ́m(ǝ)l, -mlǝ(-) (I) 1
Koryak: mǝmǝl, mǝmlǝ- (I) 1, nǝnnǝ mǝĺ-ɣǝjneken 3
Palan: mǝmǝl- 1, mĺ-ɣǝrnek (II) 2
Alutor: mǝmǝ̀llǝ, mǝmlǝ- 1
Comments: В НРС mǝl-ɣǝjnek переведено как 'насекомое', а в КРС данное слово дано в качестве перевода рус.'лягушка', буквально это 'имя животного типа mǝĺ-', ср. также кор. mlulkǝl 'стекоза' (РКС 561). Здесь явно путаница насекомых и пресмыкающихся. По развитию начала *mǝmlǝ, ср. также 'вода', 'тюлень', 'стрела'.
chuket-prnum,chuket-meaning,chuket-chu,chuket-kor,chuket-pal,chuket-alu,chuket-comments,
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Itelmen etymology :
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Proto-Itelmen: *mil "
Meaning (Rus.): вошь
Itelmen: mil- 1, mil-ti-kes 2
Itelmen meaning: вошь 1, обовшиветь 2
West Itelmen: miĺ-miĺ (mil pl.)
West Itelmen meaning: pediculus
West Itelmen meaning (Polish): wesz
South Itelmen: viĺ-miĺ
South Itelmen meaning (Latin): pediculus capitis
South Itelmen meaning (Polish): wesz
Number in Volodin 1976: 211
itelet-prnum,itelet-meaning,itelet-ite,itelet-itemea,itelet-wit,itelet-witmea,itelet-witmep,itelet-sit,itelet-sitmea,itelet-sitmep,itelet-vol,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *mHiɫaxGwV́
Meaning: maggot; worm
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-buru,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *mHilaGwV / *GHwimalV (~ -ɫ-)
Meaning: worm
Notes: An interesting trisyllabic root with metatheses (rather usual in this case). Not quite clear is the reason for devoicing in PWC (regularly *ʁ́I(ʷ) would be expected); otherwise the correspondences are regular, and the etymology seems quite plausible.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-cez,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *ʁʷimilV (~ *ʁ:ʷ-,r)
Meaning: worm
Tsezi: ʁumeli
Comments: The Tsez. form is isolated (although external parallels are quite reliable), thus the PTs reconstruction is only tentative.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *milaq:Iʷ
Meaning: worm
Akusha: miliq:
Chiragh: milaq:Iʷ
Comments: Cf. also Ur. (Uslar) mulerq:, Ak. (Musayev) milaIq:, Kub. māIqʷ.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *mulaqIʷ
Meaning: 1 worm 2 snake
Lezghian: ʁüläʁ 2
Tabasaran: malaqIʷ 1
Agul: maluqI 1
Rutul: muluχI 1
Tsakhur: mɨqI 1
Budukh: mulaʡ 1
Archi: miliχIu 1
Udi: meq 1
Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb. mulaqI, Ag. Burk. mäIleqʷ. In Lezg. the ʁ- is a secondary prothesis (cf. Khl. üläʁ, with regular dropping of initial *m(u)-). See Гигинейшвили 1977, 97.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Khinalug etymology :
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Khinalug root: mok
North Caucasian etymology: 325
Meaning: worm
Khinalug form: mok
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *χÍamǝlǝ-
Meaning: worm
Adyghe: ħāmlǝw
Kabardian: ħambǝlǝw
Comments: PAK *ħamǝLǝ-wǝ.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *lŏŋH / *lŏk
Meaning: maggot, larva, chrysalis
Burmese: lauk maggot, LB *[C]luk.
Lushai: luŋ (lun) be maggoty, be infested with maggots, KC *luŋ.
Comments: Cf. also Pa'o loŋ.33 'louse'.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-burm,stibet-lush,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 蛹
Modern (Beijing) reading: yǒng
Preclassic Old Chinese: loŋʔ
Classic Old Chinese: lóŋ
Western Han Chinese: lóŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: źóŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: źóŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: jóŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: jóŋ
Middle Chinese: jö́uŋ
English meaning : chrysalis [L.Zhou]
Russian meaning[s]: куколка насекомого, кокон
Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. is dũng; nhộng is a colloquial loan with nasal assimilation.
Radical: 142
Four-angle index: 3639
Karlgren code: 1185 m
Vietnamese reading: nhộng
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *mulagéi
Meaning: an insect eating onions etc.
Hunza: mulagéi
Nagar: mulagéi
Comments: Sh. mulagéi
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,buruet-notes,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *mVl
Meaning: bug, worm
Austroasiatic meaning: larva, worm
Miao-Yao parallels: Yao mua.2 flea
Proto-Austronesian: *timel
Austronesian meaning: flea, louse, bug
Austronesian code: 23:28
Notes: Two roots?
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-myao,austr-an,austr-anme,austr-ancode,austr-notes,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *mǝ:l / *mǝl
Meaning: larva, worm
Khmer: srǝmaǝl
Proto-Khmu: *mɨl
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-kmr,aaet-kmu,
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