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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *nan-
Meaning: go, walk
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-brb,afaset-egy,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-lec,
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Berber etymology :
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Proto-Berber: *nVn-
Meaning: 'go across'
Izayan: ennu
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-izy,
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Egyptian etymology :
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Old Egyptian: nny (pyr)
Meaning: 'go'
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *nan-
Meaning: come'
Kifri=Giwo: non- [St]
Notes: Cp. Geruma naya 'come' [CLR: 82] and Nfizim nii 'coming' [CLR: 82]
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-krf,wchet-notes,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *nan-
Meaning: 'go'
Masa: nàná [CLR: 163]
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-mas,
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Low East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-Low East Cushitic: *nan-
Meaning: 'go round' 1, 'walk' 2
Oromo (Galla): naannaʷa 1
Arbore: nanni-ete 2
Notes: Reduplication?
lecet-prnum,lecet-meaning,lecet-oro,lecet-arb,lecet-notes,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : NVNV
Meaning : to go, come
Amerind (misc.) : *nani 'come' (R 141) [+ A K] (for PST cf. perhaps rather *wan 'go' R 315 [+ A K]); some forms see under *nama 'road' (R 573); *niyani 'road' (R 575) [+ K] globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-amer,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ŋēni
Meaning: to enter, go
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *ŋḗni
Meaning: to go (down, away)
Russian meaning: идти
Comments: АПиПЯЯ 18, 72, 292, Дыбо 13. Mong. *neɣü- < *ŋeŋü- < *ŋenü-. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *ēn-
Meaning: to go down
Russian meaning: спускаться, идти вниз
Old Turkic: en- (Orkh., OUygh.)
Turkish: in-, dial. en-
Tatar: in-, iŋ-
Azerbaidzhan: en-
Turkmen: īn-
Khakassian: in-
Shor: en-
Oyrat: en-
Halaj: ẹ̄̂n-
Chuvash: an-
Yakut: enie
Kazakh: en-, dial. eŋ-
Noghai: en-
Bashkir: in-
Gagauz: jin-
Karaim: en-
Karakalpak: en-
Kumyk: in-
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *neɣü-
Meaning: to roam, migrate, nomadize
Russian meaning: странствовать, кочевать
Written Mongolian: negü- (L 569) Middle Mongolian: ne'utke 'to change a place' (HY 40), ne'u-, nou'u- (SH), nū- (IM) Khalkha: nǖ-
Buriat: nǖ-
Kalmuck: nǖ-
Ordos: nǖ-
Shary-Yoghur: nǖ-
Comments: KW 282, MGCD 520. Mong. neɣü- > Man. neo-, see Poppe 1966, 192, Rozycki 162; Mong. neɣü-lge 'migration' > Evk. nulgī etc. (see ТМС 1, 609-610). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mogh,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ŋene-
Meaning: to go, walk
Russian meaning: идти, ходить
Evenki: ŋene-
Even: ŋen-
Negidal: ŋene- / gene-
Spoken Manchu: genǝ- (1171)
Literary Manchu: genu- 'to go together'
Jurchen: ŋe-ne-xie (713)
Ulcha: ŋene-
Orok: ŋene-
Nanai: ene-
Oroch: ŋene-
Udighe: ŋene-
Solon: nene-
Comments: ТМС 1, 669-671. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-chu,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *nàń(ắ)-
Meaning: to go, move forward
Russian meaning: идти, двигаться вперед
Modern Korean: nāt- [nas-], naa-ka-
Middle Korean: nās- (nań-), nań-, nàńắ-
Comments: Nam 89, 99, 101, KED 292, 311. koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *ín-
Meaning: to go, leave
Russian meaning: уходить
Old Japanese: in-
Middle Japanese: ín-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-comments,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *neŋ-
Meaning : to enter, insert
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-gnd,
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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *neŋ-
Meaning : to enter; to put in
Proto-Pengo-Manda : *neŋ- Notes : The causative form is *neŋ-s-, whence PK *neh-.
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-pem,gndet-kui,gndet-notes,
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Gondi etymology :
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Proto-Gondi : *nēŋ-
Meaning : to enter
Mandla Gondi (Williamson) : nengānā "to intrude"
Mandla Gondi (Phailbus) : nengānā
Muria Gondi : nēŋ-
Maria Gondi : nēŋg-
Seoni Gondi : nēŋ- "to enter, pierce"
Adilabad Gondi : nēŋ-, (SR) nēngānā
Additional forms : Also Gondi_A (SR) nēngusānā to thrusst, pierce; Gondi_Ph necahtānā to make to enter; nehtānā to shut in (cattle); Gondi_Mu nēh- to push in, thrust in
Number in DED : 3764
Number in CVOTGD : 2043
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_w,gonet-gondi_ph,gonet-gondi_mu,gonet-gondi_ma,gonet-gondi_s,gonet-gondi_a,gonet-addition,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,
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Pengo-Manda etymology :
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Proto-Pengo-Manda : *neŋ-
Meaning : to enter
Manda : neŋg-
Number in DED : 3764
pemet-meaning,pemet-prnum,pemet-manda,pemet-dednum,
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Kui-Kuwi etymology :
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Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *neh-
Meaning : to fill in, put in
Kui : nehpa (neht-) "to fill in, load up; n. act of filling in"
Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : neh- "to put in"
Tekriya Kuwi : neh- "to put in"
Notes : Kui nehpa taken from DED 3682.
Number in DED : 3764
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kui,kuiet-kuwi_f,kuiet-kuwi_t,kuiet-notes,kuiet-dednum,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *=VʔwV́ŋ
Meaning: to go, travel
Comments and references : HGC 23, LDC 30, BCD 30. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *=VʔwVn
Meaning: to go
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. One of the verbal roots with the basic laryngeal consonant. The vowels are rather hard to reconstruct in most of these roots (because of contractions). Cf. also HU: Hurr. un-, Urart. nun- 'to come' (see Diakonoff-Starostin 1986, 32).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *ʡo-
Meaning: go
Batsbi: ʕo- (pres.)
Comments: An isolated Bacb. root (used only in the present tense), but probably archaic.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *=VʔVn-
Meaning: to go
Akhvakh: =un-
Chamalal: =ūn-
Karata: =oʔan-
Comments: The root vowel is hard to establish because of contractions which had taken place in all languages.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-krt,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *=ǝ̃ʔ-
Meaning: come
Gunzib: nǝʔ-
Comments: Isolated in Gunz. (initial n- points to root nasalisation), but having probable parallels in Andian languages and elsewhere.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: na-
Meaning: to go, walk (dur.)
Lak form: na-n
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ʔʷă (s-, -ŋ)
Meaning: go
Tibetan: ʔoŋ come, soŋ pf. and imp. of ãgro "to go".
Burmese: swah go, waŋ enter, go or come in.
Kachin: wa2 return.
Lushai: KC *waŋ go (cf. also Lush. vāk, vaʔ go, walk).
Comments: PG *wàŋ ~ *khòŋ enter; Chepang, Magari hwa to go; Newari wa to go; Dhimal waŋ enter; Bunan hwaŋs ~ hoaŋ come out. Sh. 64; Ben. 50, 105.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-kach,stibet-lush,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 于
Modern (Beijing) reading: yú [yū, xū]
Preclassic Old Chinese: wa
Classic Old Chinese: wa
Western Han Chinese: wa
Eastern Han Chinese: wa
Early Postclassic Chinese: wo
Middle Postclassic Chinese: wo
Late Postclassic Chinese: wo
Middle Chinese: ɦü
Fanqie: 雲劬
Rhyme class: 虞 [魚]
English meaning : to go; be in, to; to enlarge
Russian meaning[s]: 1) предлог, вводящий косвенное дополнение, см. 於; 2) идти, отправляться; 3) древн. как?, каким образом?, вм. 何; 4) я; 5) большой; широкий; далекий; 6) Юй (фамилия); [xū̄] см. 吁
Shuowen gloss: 於也. 象氣之舒于. 從丂. 從一. 一者. 其氣平也. 凡于之屬皆從于.
Comments: Min dialects have not preserved the word, but the clearly related 往 *waŋʔ 'to go' has Min reflexes: Xiamen ɔŋ3, Chaozhou uaŋ3, Fuzhou uoŋ3, allowing to reconstruct *w- (not *wh-) [the reconstruction in RDFS p. 158 is incorrect - as well as the observation on the previous page that only OC *wh- can go back to ST *ʔʷ - the problem needs further investigation]. Also used as an interjection (especially in the combination 于嗟 *wa-ciaj).
Radical: 7
Four-angle index: 3234
Karlgren code: 0097 a-g
Go-on: u
Kan-on: u
Japanese reading: u;aa;koko;ni;yori;yuku
Shijing occurrences: 2.1, 6.1, 7.2, 7.3, 9.2, 9.3, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 13.1, 13.2, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 25.1, 25.2, 26.4, 28.1, 28.2, 28.3, 31.3, 31.5, 33.1, 33.2, 35.5, 39.1, 39.2, 39.3, 50.1, 50.2, 50.3, 51.2, 54.1, 54.4, 57.3, 58.1, 58.2, 58.5
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-fanqie,bigchina-rhyme,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-shuowen,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-go,bigchina-kanon,bigchina-jap,bigchina-shijing,
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Chinese Dialects :
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Number: 26
Character: 于
MC description : 遇合三平虞云
ZIHUI: 0060 1005
Beijing: y 12
Jinan: y 12
Xi'an: y 12
Taiyuan: y 1
Hankou: y 12
Chengdu: y 12
Yangzhou: y 12
Suzhou: y 12
Wenzhou: ɦu 12
Changsha: y 12
Shuangfeng: y 12
Nanchang: y 31
Meixian: ji 12
Guangzhou: jy 12
Xiamen: u 12
Chaozhou: i 11
Fuzhou: y 11
Shanghai: y 32
Zhongyuan yinyun: iu 12
doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,
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Kiranti etymology :
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Proto-Kiranti: *wòŋ
Meaning: enter
Sunwar: ō-ca
Tulung: hu(ŋ)- (AS wamu)
Kaling: wonä (woŋɔ)
Comments: Toba 89 *woŋ-.
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-sun,kiret-tul,kiret-kal,kiret-dum,kiret-kul,kiret-yam,kiret-notes,
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Dumi dictionary :
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Entry: oNnɨ
Grammar: vi-3 uN-oN
Meaning: enter
Nepali: pasnu.
dumet-prnum,dumet-pspeech,dumet-meaning,dumet-nepali,
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Kulung dictionary :
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Entry: wɔ:ma
Grammar: vi-3 [1: wɔN- 2: wɔ:-]
Meaning: enter
Nepali: pasnu.
kulet-prnum,kulet-pspeech,kulet-meaning,kulet-nepali,
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Yamphu dictionary :
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Entry: oŋma I
Stem: <oks- ; oŋ->
Grammar: v.intr. & v.tr.
Meaning: 1) to come up, to pop up, to be sent up, to be uprooted; oŋghäʔma (of trees and long things) to fall over, to be uprooted; 2) to bring up, to cause to go up, to lift up with a lever, e.g. the rice-husker; oŋdima to lift up and place on top; oŋnema to kill, to finish off by uprooting
Comments: saraŋ.beʔ ra:p.nuŋ oŋ.häks.u. (foot.LOC sei:e.SOC fell.INEF.о3) He seized him by his feet and threw him down.
Nepali: jarādheki jānu, ḍhalnu
yamet-prnum,yamet-stem,yamet-pspeech,yamet-meaning,yamet-comments,yamet-nepali,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *hejVŋ
Meaning: to go
Ket: ējeŋ1 / ɛjeŋ5
Yug: ejiŋ1
Kottish: hejaŋ "to go" (cf. also ijaŋ "go away", praet. uijaŋ, imp. anu; асс. ujáha (Сл., Кл., М.) "ride on horse", pulán-ujáha (М., Сл.), pulan-ajáha (Кл.) "to walk" (puláŋ "feet")
Comments: ССЕ 231. Werner 1, 265-266 (where hejaŋ is compared to ējeŋ) - but 1, 472, where it is treated completely differently (see *gaj).
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *ne-
Meaning: walk (go)
Yasin: né-
Hunza: ní-
Nagar: ní-
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *e=oHa-n
Meaning: to go
Bizkaian: joan, juan, fuan, fan
Gipuzkoan: joan, fan
High Navarrese: joan, goan, gan
Low Navarrese: juan
Salazarese: fan
Lapurdian: goan, gan
Baztanese: gan
Aezkoan: fan
Zuberoan: joan, juan, jun [žũn]
Roncalese: [xwan], fan, [šwan]
Comments: There are many localized developments of joan > [xwan] > [fan], etc. See Michelena (1961: 173). As pointed out by Jacobsen (1995) some northern dialects have forms with -h-: noha 'I am going', etc. Comparison with PNC *=iχ_wV 'to go, come, enter' is also possible.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-sal,basqet-lab,basqet-bzt,basqet-azk,basqet-zbr,basqet-rnc,basqet-comments,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *jVŋ
Meaning: to go, walk
Austroasiatic meaning: go, walk
Miao-Yao parallels: Yao jaŋ.3 to walk
Proto-Thai: ja:ŋ.B to go, to step
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-myao,austr-tai,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: jVŋ
Meaning: go, walk
Thai: ja:ŋ.B to go, to step
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-thai,aaet-pawa,
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Palaung-Wa etymology :
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Proto-Palaung-Wa:
Meaning: walk
pawaet-meaning,pawaet-prnum,pawaet-pran,
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Angku etymology :
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Proto-Angku: *jaŋ or *ja:[k]
Meaning: walk
Pangpin: jak.55 go, walk
Gantang: jiak.55 run
Mang'an: jak.55
References: WW-483, WW-484
pranet-meaning,pranet-prnum,pranet-phu,pranet-ph2,pranet-mnn,pranet-bib,
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