Центрально-чадская этимология : Выводить со всеми ссылками

PROTO: *dakʷ(-ar)- ~ *kawd-an-

MEANING: k. of equid

семитский: *kawdan- 'mule'

западночадский: *dakʷ- ~ *dVwak- 'horse'

центральночадский: *(n-)dok- 'stallion' 1, 'pony' 2

восточночадский: *dVwk- 'roan-antelope'

центральнокушитские (агавские): *dikwar- 'donkey'

NOTES: Cf. HSED 667 (*dawak- 'equid': WCh; SCush *daḳ/ġʷ-; Agaw *dikwar "seems to be derived from this stem"). Cf. Sk Hs 49.

Семитская этимология :

NUMBER: 2450

PROTO: *kawdan-

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: mule

аккадский: kūdanu (kūdannu) 'a type of mule' OAkk. on [CAD k 491] (extensive discussion), [AHw. 498]. The term is widely used in late periods only (NA in particu- lar, both in royal inscriptions and private documents). In earlier texts k. is quite unfrequent (in OAkk., as PN only). The meaning 'mule' is safely deduced from passages stressing k.' in- fertility (kī ša zēru ša ANS̆E.GÌR.NUN.NA laššuni 'in the same way as there is no progeny of k.' Wiseman Treaties 537). ONE WONDERS WHETHER in THE WELL-KNOWN passage from Gilgamesh .... (ibrī kūdanu ṭardu) k. really denotes a mule or rather a wild ass, a well-known synonym of swiftness in ANE poetic language. Cf. [Salonen Hyppologica 76-8].

эблаитский: gú-da-núm /kūdanum/ = ANS̆E.EDEN [MEE 4 038] (cf. [Kreb. 45], [Civil Ebla 90]).

угаритский: kdnt 'mula' [DLU 211]. Highly uncertain (Hapax in the scribal exercise 5.23:8, a list of words out of context).

арамейские: Off. kwdn 'mule' [HJ 492]. Plm. kwdn 'mule' [HJ 492] (cf. [PAT 372]).

иудейский арамейский: kūdǝnā (pl. kūdanyān, kūdanwān) 'mule' [Ja. 617], [+++]

сирийский арамейский: kūdanyā, kūdǝnā (pl. kūdnǝwātā) 'mulus', kūdantā 'mula' [BK 318-9], [PS 1680].

мандейский арамейский: kudana, kdana 'mule' [DM 203, 205].

арабский: kawdan-, kawdaniyy- 'né d'un étalon arabe et d'une ju- ment non-arabe (cheval); métis; cheval de train; mulet; élé- phant' [BK 2 876], [LA XIII 356], [WKAS k 87].

тиграй (тигринья): Cf. mäkada name of the small Abyssinian horse LT 134

NOTES: A chain of borrowings (Akk. > Arm. > Arb.) suggested in [Zimmern 50] cannot be excluded but needs further argumentation (cf. [PAT 372]: "probably simply cognates"). The same is true about the supposed non-Semitic origin of Akk. kūdanu assumed in [Salonen Hyppologica 76-8] (though, admittedly, the term does not seem to be deeply rooted in Akk., both of the early syllabic attestations coming from Mari letters). [DLU 211]: Ugr., Arm., Akk., Arb.; [Brock. 318]: Syr., Arm., Akk. (the Arm. forms are treated as Akkadisms).

Западно-чадская этимология :

PROTO: *dakʷ- ~ *dVwak-

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 'horse'

Хауса: dṓkì

Болева: dṑšò [LkB]

Карекаре: dṓkú [CLR]

Дера: dṓk [CLR: 194], dōwi

Нгамо: doku [Meek]

Беле: dṓšó [ShB]

Кирфи: dū̀šó [ShB]

Гера: dū̀šà [ShB]

Герума: dū̀sá [ShB]

Варджи: duhu-na [SkNb]

Кария: duhu

Мия: duwakǝ

Цагу: dākǝ-n

Сири: dukwi

Мбурку: dāku

Джимбин: dākwa

Джими: doko [CLR: 194]

Бурма: dok

Нгизим: dū̀kà [ShN]

Центрально-чадская этимология :

Афразийская этимология :

Семитская этимология :

Западно-чадская этимология :

Восточно-чадская этимология :

Центрально-кушитская (агавская) этимология :