East Chadic etymology :

Proto-EChadic: *luḳ/gum-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'camel' 1, 'horse' 2

Tumak: lɔ̀gmà [Cp], loguma HSED 1

Ndam: lùkmà [JgD], lugumo HSED 1

Kabalai: laḳma 2

Kwang: lokúma, lògǝ̀mà

Dangla: lòkùmò [Fd] 1

Migama: lókùmo [JMig] 1

Jegu: logom HSED 1

Bidiya: lókmò [JBid] 1

Birgit: lòkòmó [Jg] 1

Sokoro: lúgumo [Lk] 1

Notes: CLR II 61

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʕalVḳ/g- ~ *lVḳ/gum- ~ *ḳalVm-

Meaning: camel

Semitic: *ʕalūḳ- ~ *ʕalig- 'female camel; camel-calf'

Berber: *lVḳum- ~ *ḳVlam- 'camel'

Western Chadic: *r/l/ŝaḳum- 'camel' (?)

Central Chadic: *l/ŝuḳ/gʷam- 'camel' 1, 'horse' 2

East Chadic: *luḳ/gum- 'camel' 1, 'horse' 2

Low East Cushitic: *ḳalim- 'young female camel'

Notes: cf. HSED 1678 (N. and E.Berb.; Ch.). Cf. Sem. *(ʔā-)nāḳ-at- 'she-camel'

Semitic etymology :

Number: 2695

Proto-Semitic: *ʕalūḳ- ~ *ʕalig-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'female camel; camel-calf'

Arabic: ʕalūḳ- 'chamelle qui a de la tendresse pour un petit qui n'est pas à elle, et qui cesse de donner du lait, dès qu'elle a senti, par l'odorat, la présence de ce petit; chamelle qui ne peut pas s'habituer à un mâle ni à un petit' [BK 2 346]; ʕalīḳ-at- 'chamelle menée en laisse, et qui, au retour, doit être chargée de vivres' [BK 2 346-7]; ʕalāḳ-at- 'chamelle que l'on conduit en laisse pour la charger de vivres, à son retour' [BK 2 346]

Mehri: ʔēlīg 'camel-calf about two years old' [JM 21]

Jibbali: ʕiźɔ́g, dim. ʕálgɛn '2-4 year old camel' [JJ 12]

Berber etymology :

Proto-Berber: *lVḳum- ~ *ḳVlam-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'camel'

Siwa: a-lɣom

Ayr: a-ɣlam, pl. iɣlamăn 'chameau de selle; caravane' Aloj 68

Ahaggar (Tahaggart): a-ɣlam, pl. iɣlâmen 'chameau de selle' F 1729

Tawllemmet: a-ɣlam, pl. iɣlamăn 'chameau de selle; caravane' Aloj 68

Ntifa: a-lɣum

Tlit: a-lɣum

Izayan: alɣem

Rif: alɣǝm

Wargla: aḷǝm

Qabyle (Ayt Mangellat): a-lɣʷǝm

West Chadic etymology :

Proto-WChadic: *r/l/ŝaḳum-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'camel'

Hausa: rà̄ḳúmī́

Karekare: dlúkùmó

Warji: làḳùmài

Diri: raḳúmí (<Hs?)

Miya: làḳùmì

Cagu: rààḳúmì (<Hs?)

Siri: ràḳwámì (<Hs?)

Mburku: lààḳúmì

Jimbin: raḳùmìtà gâŋ (<Hs?)

Ngizim: dlǝ́gámáu, dlǝ́kǝ́mau

Notes: the root was borrowed from Hausa to the North bauchi gr.

Central Chadic etymology :

Proto-CChadic: *l/ŝuḳ/gʷam-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'camel' 1, 'horse' 2

Bura: likamo 'camel' Bura 123

Mbara: lukma [TMba] 1, 2

Dghwede=Zǝɣwana: lùgwámà

Mada: (?) ẑògwmá [BMaf] 1

Daba: dlogomo

Bachama: lùkápto

Logone: Kot lògòmè 1

Buduma=Yedina: logúmè [LBud] 1

Lame: dlǝ̀gwàamà

Masa: ŝā́mka, lákmáná

Notes: secondary lateral and -rk- < -lk-?

Low East Cushitic etymology :

Proto-Low East Cushitic: *ḳalim-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'young female camel'

Somali: qaalin, pl. qaalimo

Rendille: ḫaal'ím

Notes: Heine 1978 *q'ààl'ìm

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