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East Chadic etymology :
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Proto-EChadic: *gum-
Meaning: 'beard'
Kabalai: guma [CLR:13]
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-kbl,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *gamm-
Meaning: mane, long hair, beard
Notes: Borrowing from Eth and/or within Cush and Om is possible.
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-egy,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-ech,afaset-agw,afaset-sho,afaset-lec,afaset-hec,afaset-omo,afaset-notes,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 2059
Proto-Semitic: *ga/umm-at-
Meaning: (long) hair, mane
Arabic: ǯummat- 'toupet' [BK 1 322]. Another meaning of the same word 'chevelure abondante et qui retombe sur les épaules' may be influenced by the semantics of the apparently homonymous verbal root ǧamma 'être riche, abondant' [ibid. 321]
Tigre: gǝmmät 'long hair (that has not been cut for a long time)' [LH 568]. As for gamme 'kind of hairdress (crown of hair around the head)' compared by [DRS 141] (cf. the same semantic component in TNA and AMH), it may be contaminated with, or related to, gamma 'crown, diadem' [LH 566]
Tigrai (Tigriñña): gammä 'specie di corona di capelli che si lasciano intonsi o si intrecciano intorno al capo di ragazzi e ragazze' [Bass 819]
Amharic: gamma 'mane (of an equine); ribbon tied around the head' [K 1906]
Harari: gammä [LHar 72]
East Ethiopic: ZWY gamma, SEL gäme, WOL gämi 'mane' [LGur 275]
Gurage: EZ̆A gama, GYE gam_a, CHA MUH gamma, ENN gāmma, END gāmmä, MSQ GOG gammä, SOD gʷamme do. [LGur 275]; also END gämmām 'horses and mules' [ibid.]. According to Leslau, from CUSH: SID gamma, OROMO gāma, SOM SAHO AFAR gama [ibid.]
Notes: Scarce attestation (ARB and MOD ETH only) apparently supported by the AFRASIAN data (below); however, a possibility of an ARB loan in ETH (with a further semantic development thereof to 'mane' and 'horse'), and an ETH loan in CUSH and OMOT, though less likely, is not to be excluded. [DRS 141]: ARB, ETH
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-ara,semet-tgr,semet-tgy,semet-amh,semet-hrr,semet-east,semet-gur,semet-notes,
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Egyptian etymology :
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Old Egyptian: (?) gmḥ.t (sarc)
Meaning: 'hairlock'
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *gVm-
Meaning: beard
Hausa: gḗmū̀
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-hsa,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *nV-gum-
Meaning: beard
Lamang: ùɣùmù [CLR:13]
Gidar: engemé [CLR:13]
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-lmn,cchet-gid,
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Central Cushitic (Agaw) etymology :
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Proto-Agaw: *gam-
Meaning: 'mane'
Khamir: gama
agwet-prnum,agwet-meaning,agwet-xmr,
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Saho-Afar etymology :
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Proto-Saho-Afar: *gamm-
Meaning: 'mane'
Saho: gamma
Afar (Danakil): gamma
shoet-prnum,shoet-meaning,shoet-saho,shoet-afar,
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Low East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-Low East Cushitic: *gamm-
Meaning: 'mane'
Somali: gama
Oromo (Galla): gamma
lecet-prnum,lecet-meaning,lecet-som,lecet-oro,
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High East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-High East Cushitic: *gamm-
Meaning: 'mane'
Sidamo: gamma
hecet-prnum,hecet-meaning,hecet-sid,
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Omotic etymology :
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Proto-Omotic: *gamm-
Meaning: 'mane'
Kafa (Kaficho): gaammoo
omoet-prnum,omoet-meaning,omoet-kaf,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVMV
Meaning : hair; feather
Sino-Caucasian : NC *q̇_(w)ămʔǝ̄ 'plait, mane; hair'
Amerind (misc.) : *kampi 'wing; feather' [+ A]
globet-meaning,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-amer,
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