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East Chadic etymology :
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Proto-EChadic: *ḍVg- < *dVHVg-
Meaning: 'think'
Kera: d̄ígí [Eb] ЧТО ЗА d ТАКОЕ?
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-ker,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *dag-
Meaning: think; know
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-ech,afaset-sho,afaset-hec,
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Saho-Afar etymology :
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Proto-Saho-Afar: *ḍ/dag-
Meaning: 'know, learn'
Saho: -ḍi/e/ag-
Afar (Danakil): d/ḍag-
shoet-prnum,shoet-meaning,shoet-saho,shoet-afar,
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High East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-High East Cushitic: *da/eg-
Meaning: 'know'
Kambatta: dag-,dɛg(i)-
hecet-prnum,hecet-meaning,hecet-kmb,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : TVKV
Meaning : to look, show
Sino-Caucasian : ST *tuak ( ~ d-) 'consider, inspect'
Amerind (misc.) : *tuki 'eye; see' (R 229); *takʷ 'know' (R 415) [+ A] African (misc.) : Bantu *-dàg- 'show'.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-amer,globet-afr,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *tVjḳV
Meaning: show, point at
References: ND 2257 *tiḳ[ü] 'to show' (IE + diff. Alt., diff. Kartv. + Gz., Ngz.). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-esk,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *deik'e-, -g'-
Meaning: to show
Hittite: tekkussai- (I) 'zeigen, präsentieren' (Friedrich 220)
Old Indian: dídeṣṭi, diśáti, ptc. diṣṭá- `to point out, show'; diṣṭi- f. `direction, prescription'; diś- f. `quarter or region pointed at, direction', diśā f. `direction, region', deśá- m. `point, region, part'; deśinī f. `the index or forefinger'
Avestan: daēs- `zeigen; jemandem etwas zuweisen, zusprechen'
Old Greek: déi̯knǖmi, dei̯knǘō (kret. diknüti), aor. dêi̯ksai̯, pf. med. dédei̯gmai̯ `zeigen'; dêi̯ksi-s; dêi̯gma `Probe, Warenhalle', dei̯ktḗrio-n `Schauplatz', déi̯ktǟ-s nomen agentis; déi̯kelo-n `изображение'; ari-déi̯keto- `ausgezeichnet' (Hom.+); díkǟ f. `Weise, Sitte, Recht, Rechts-verhandlung, -sache, Strafe'
Latin: dīcō (OLat -ei-), -ere, dīxī (OLat -ei-), dictum `sprechen, aussprechen, verkündigen, reden, singen; festsetzen, bestimmen; (er)nennen', dictāre `wiederholt sagen, diktieren, befehlen'; dicāre `feierlich verkünden'; dictiō, -ōnis f. `Aussprechen, Redeweise, Rede', dicāx, -cis `redegewand t, witzig'; causi-dicus `Sachwalter'; index, -icis m. `Anzeiger, Angeber'; iūdex `Richter'; diciō, -ōnis f. `Gewalt, Botmässigkeit, Gerichtsbarkeit'; dicis causā `um dem Scein des Rechts zu genügen; nur zur Form'
Other Italic: Osk deíkum, deicum `dicere', deicans `dicant', dicust `dixerit'; dadíkatted `dedicavit', Umbr tikamne `*dicamine, dedicatione'; teitu, deitu `dicitō'; dersicust `dixerit', tic̨el `dedicatio',
Russ. meaning: показывать, указывать (на нарушение закона)
References: WP I 776 f
Comments: Baltic has a contamination with the root *teik-.
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-greek,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-ital,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *teîg- (-ja-) vb., *taig-ā̂- vb.
Meaning: tell, say
Old Lithuanian: tieg 3 sg. 'inquit'
Lithuanian: téigti (/teĩgti) (-gia; prt. -gē) 'erzählen, sagen; behaupten, bestätigen, zu beeinflussen suchen'; taigṓti
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-olith,baltet-lith,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *tī́xan- vb., *tīgná-z, *tixti- etc.; *taikna-z, -n, *taikni-z
Meaning: show
Gothic: *ga-tīhan st. `announce, tell'; taikn n. (a), taikn-s f. (i) `token'; *taiknjan wk. `show, manifest'
Old Norse: tjā wk. `zeigen, mitteilen'; ptc. tīgin-n `vornehm', tī̆gn f. `Ehre, Rang, Stand', NIsl, Far tīgn; teikna wk. `Zeichen geben, bezeichnen'; teikn n. `Zeichen'
Norwegian: te vb.; teikn
Swedish: te vb.; tecken
Danish: te vb.; tegn
Old English: tiht `Anklage'; tēon `anzeigen, verkündigen'; tǟcan `lehren'; tāc(e)n `Zeichen, Wunder, Beweiss'
English: teach; token
Old Frisian: tīgia; tēken
Old Saxon: af-tīhan `versagen'; tēkan
Middle Dutch: tien (teech; gheteghen) `iets van iemand zeggen, toeschrijven, beschuldigen'; beticht `beschuldigen'; tēken, teiken, tēkijn, teikijn
Dutch: aan-, op-, betijgen; betichten; teken m., dial. teiken
Old Franconian: teikin, teican
Middle Low German: tīen (ptc. tīgen); tēken
Old High German: in-, bi-ziht `Anklage'; zīhan `an-, beschuldigen' (9.Jh.); zeihhan `Merkmal, Sinnbild, Sternbild, Vorzeichen, Symbol, Wunder'; zeigōn (8.Jh.)
Middle High German: zīhen st. 'aussagen von, zeigen, beschuldigen'; verziht st. f. 'entsagung, verzichtleistung'; zeichen st. n. 'zeichen, anzeichen, beispiel u. dgl.'; zeigen wk. 'zeigen, deuten'
German: Verzicht m.; zeihen; Zeichen n.; zeigen
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-olfrank,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *tū́jk`ú
Meaning: to make a sign
Russian meaning: делать знак
Comments: All meanings are well explainable from the original 'make, produce a sign'; the diphthong -jǝ- in Korean is somewhat unexpected and makes us reconstruct PA *tū́jk`ú (otherwise *tū́k`u would serve just as well).
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *Tūkrag (?)
Meaning: royal sign manual
Russian meaning: знак царской власти
Karakhanid: tuɣraɣ (MK - Oghuz), tuɣra (IM) Turkish: tuɣra
Uzbek: tuɣrɔ
Comments: VEWT 496. EDT 471, TMN 3, 342-343. The word may belong here if it is not derived < tūg 'banner' ( < Chin.). turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-uzb,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *doki-
Meaning: to make a sign
Russian meaning: делать знак
Written Mongolian: doki- (L 257) Khalkha: doxi-
Buriat: doxi-
Kalmuck: dok-
Ordos: doχi-
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *duKū-
Meaning: to write
Russian meaning: писать
Evenki: dukū-
Even: dụq-
Negidal: duki-
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *tjǝk-
Meaning: to note down, to write
Russian meaning: записывать
Modern Korean: čǝk-
Middle Korean: tjǝk-
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *tú(n)ká-
Meaning: to let know, inform
Russian meaning: сообщать
Old Japanese: tuga-
Middle Japanese: túga-
Tokyo: tsùge-
Kyoto: tsúgé-
Kagoshima: tsugé-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 1879
Proto: *täkkV
English meaning: to look, observe
German meaning: schauen, betrachten
Khanty (Ostyak): täɣǝn- (V Vj.) 'im Gedächtnis behalten, sich erinnern; Kenntnis haben; im Traum od. Rausch wahrnehmen und sich erinnern (sehen od. hören); vorhersagen', täɣǝntǝɣlǝ- (V) 'vorhaben, beabsichtigen, sich anschicken'
Hungarian: tekint- 'blicken, schauen; für etw. ansehen, als etw. betrachten'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-khn,uralet-ugr,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *ṭq̇w-
Russian meaning: узнать, заметить
English meaning: to recognize, notice
Georgian: ṭq̇v-
Megrel: ṭq̇v-, ṭq̇u-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 184, EWK 338.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-notes,
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Eskimo etymology :
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Proto-Eskimo: *takuv-
Meaning: to check out, to visit, to see
Russian meaning: проверять, навещать, смотреть
Comments: Cf. *takviɣ-, *tak(u)vi-ɣ 'to see well, pupil of eye'. Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 326
esqet-prnum,esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-yup,esqet-inup,esqet-newcom,esqet-refer,
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Yupik etymology :
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Proto-Yupik: *taku- (-jaʁ-)
Meaning: guard, examination 1, to check out 2
Russian Meaning: осмотр, обход 1, проверять 2
Sirenik: takǝ́cǝkǝ̄́χtaʁá, //takuti- [Men., Rub.] 'to find out', takǝ- 'to come to' [Vakh.]
Chaplino: takí (t) 1, takwāqā 'to go to the certain place'
Naukan: takōqa 'to haunt, to visit'
Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: taku- 2, taku(q)- 'presence, place in view' (used only with oblique case possessed endings), takujaʁ- 'to take alook at'
Central Alaskan Yupik: taku- 2, taku(q)- 'presence' (used only with locative possessed endings), takujaʁ- 'to look (at) sideways or over the shoulders'
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 327
yupet-prnum,yupet-mean,yupet-rmean,yupet-sir,yupet-chap,yupet-nauk,yupet-aay,yupet-cay,yupet-ced,
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Inupik etymology :
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Proto-Inupik: *tạkų- (-caʁ-), *takku-
Meaning: to check on 1, to visit 2, to see 3
Russian meaning: проверять 1, навещать 2, видеть, смотреть 3
Seward Peninsula Inupik: taɣu- 1, takku- 'presence' (with poss. endings)
SPI Dialects: Imaq táɣurāɣa 2
North Alaskan Inupik: taku- 2, 1, takku- 'presence' (with poss. endings)
Western Canadian Inupik: taku- 3
WCI Dialects: Cor, M takoɣa* 3, Sig takusaq- 'to stare at'
Eastern Canadian Inupik: taku- 3, takku- 'presence, sight', takusaq- 'to turn or rise to see'
Greenlandic Inupik: taku- (takuvâ*) 3, takkut(i)- 'to show up', takku- (táko*) 'presence, sight' (with poss. endings), takusaʁ- 'to keep on eye on, to go to see'
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 327
inupet-prnum,inupet-meaning,inupet-rmean,inupet-spi,inupet-spis,inupet-nai,inupet-wci,inupet-wcis,inupet-eci,inupet-gri,inupet-ced,
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