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Egyptian etymology :
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Old Egyptian: wdy (pyr)
Meaning: 'put'
Notes: Eg w- may be a prefix
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,egyet-notes,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *day-
Meaning: put
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-egy,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-ech,afaset-dhl,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *ḍVw/y- (< *dVH(w/y)- )
Meaning: 'sit'
Bolewa: ḍowi <*dVHw- [Luk]
Dera=Kanakuru: ḍúwò [NmK]
Tangale: diye [Jg]
Ngamo: ḍèyi [CLR]
Notes: Cf. also a redupl. : Guruntum dǝ̀ḍa 'chair' [Cs]vative
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-bol,wchet-der,wchet-tng,wchet-ngm,wchet-notes,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *day-
Meaning: 'put down'
Logone: de-he [LLog]
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-log,
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East Chadic etymology :
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Proto-EChadic: *dway-
Meaning: 1 'put', 2 'lie down'
Mubi: dâ 1 [??]
Sokoro: dɔ́udɔ́i 2 [Lk ??
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-mub,echet-sok,
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Dahalo etymology :
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Dahalo: ḍaʕ-
Meaning: 'put into, insert'
dhlet-prnum,dhlet-meaning,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : TVHV
Meaning : to put
Amerind (misc.) : *(a)ṭa 'be' (R 41) [+ A K]; *taʔ 'make' (R 451) [+ A K]; *ʔitaw 'sleep; lie down, sit down' (R 647) [+ A K] globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-amer,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *dVʕV (*d[i]ɣV)
Meaning: to put
References: ОСНЯ 1, 224, МССНЯ 344; ND 497 *dEʕ[i] 'to put, to place', 508 *deHä/o 'make, do' (hardly to be distinguished, desp. Dybo and Dolg.). [In ND 2336 *ṭEkE 'build, shape, make, do' Ur. *teke- is compared with IE *teḱs- and PA *t`ằkù 'repair' + Chad.; in ND 2340 *ṭEʔakʔa 'to put, set' - with Alt. *t`ĭ́[k`]ù 'stuff into', *t`egV 'sit' and *tīk`i 'plant' simultaneously + IE *tāg- which is elsewhere + Eg., Sem.; a complete mess]. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *dhē-
Meaning: to put, to set
Hittite: dai-, tai- (II) 'setzen, legen, stellen', tija- (I) 'treten, hintreten, sich stellen', tittanu- (I) 'hinstellen, hinsetzen', zikk- (I) 'legen, fetsetzen' (Friedrich 202-203, 223-225, 260-261)
Tokharian: A tā-, tä-s-, B tättā-, tä-s-, tā-s- 'to place, set' (Adams 283 f)
Old Indian: dádhāti, aor. adhām, med. ádhita, ptc. hitá-, -dhitá-, inf. dhātum, pf. dadhā́u, dadhimá `to put, place, set'; dhā́tu- m. `layer, constituent part'; dhāka- m. `receptacle'; dhā- m., f., dha- m. `placer, holder' (in comp.), dhi- m. `receptacle' (in comp.); dhātár- m. `establisher, founder'; dhiti-, hiti- f. `putting, placing' (in comp.); dhā́na- n. `receptacle, case, seat', dhána- n. `prize of a contest, contest', (in comp.) `putting, placing'; dhā́man- n. `dwelling-place, abode, domain'
Avestan: daδaiti `ersetzt', ptc dāta-; vī-δātu- n. `Begründung, feste Fügung', pf. 3 sg. daδa; gaoδi- `Milchbehälter'; gao-δana- n. `Milchgefäss'; dāman-, dąman- n. `Stätte, Wohnstätte; Geschöpf'; ni-δāiti- f. `das Niederlegen, Ablegen, Verbergen'
Other Iranian: OPers ipf. sg. adadā, ptc dāta-
Armenian: dnem `ich setze', aor. ed `er setzte'
Old Greek: títhēmi, aor. éthēka, pl. éthemen, p. etéthēn, pf. téthēka, m.-p. téthemai̯, va. thetó-; thētón = bōmón Hsch.; aná-thēma n. `das Aufgestellte, Weihgeschenk' etc., théma n. `Satz, Einsatz, Thema usw.'; thēmṓn, -ō̂nos m. `Haufe', théma n. `intergelegtes Geld, aufgestellte Behauptung, Satz; Stammform (Gramm)'; thétǟ-s m. `Versetzer, Verpfänder'; thetḗr = tolmḗtēs, práktēs Hsch., dia-thetḗr `Anordner'; thesmó-s, dor. tethmó-s, lak., ark., lokr. thethmó-s m. `Satzung, Gesetz, Sitte', thési-s f. `das Satzen, Aufstellung, Stellung, Lage, Adoption, Satz etc.', pl. thémethla n. `Fundamente, Grund(lage)'; thḗkǟ f. `Behältnis, Kasten, Grab'; hom. thōǟ́, dial. thōi̯i̯ē, thōa f. `Strafe, Busse'; att. thā̂ko-s, ep., ion., dor., poet. thō̂ko-s m. `Sitzung, Sitz, Stuhl', *thawako-: thabakón = thākòn ḕ homorón (fort. thā̂kon ḕ thrónon) Hsch.; thōmó-s m. `Haufe, Schober'
Latin: condō, -dere, -didī, -ditum; pf. -didī; conditor m. `Gründer, St ifter'; conditiō f. `Gründung', conditus, -ūs m. `Gründung', addō, -dere, -didī, -ditum `apotíthēmi'; sacerdōs `Priester', crēdō, -ere, -didī, -ditum `vertrauen auf jd., darleihen, Glauben schenken, meinen'
Other Italic: Osk prúftú `posita'; prúffed `posuit'
Celtic: Gaul dede `posuit'; *dhatlo- 'Versammlung' > OIr dāl, OCymr datl, Cymr dall, OBret dadl; Bret dael `contestation, querelle'
Russ. meaning: ставить, ложить
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-tokh,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-iran,piet-arm,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-lat,piet-ital,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: деть,
Near etymology: де́ну, сюда же оде́ть, наде́ть, заде́ть и т. д., укр. дíти, дíну, ст.-слав. дѣти, дѣѭ, стар. деждѫ, болг. дя́на "кладу", сербохорв. дjе̏не̑м, дjе̏ти, словен. dė́nem, dė́ti, чеш. ději, díti "деть", слвц. diat', польск. dzieję, dziać "делать, девать", в.-луж. dźeć "прясть, ткать", н.-луж. źaś -- то же. Ст.-слав. деждѫ -- 1 л. ед., др.-русск. дежеть -- 3 л. ед.; праслав. *dedi̯ǫ сохранило в наст. врем. стар. редуплицированную основу (Мейе, Et. 18 и сл.; Вайан, RES 14, 79). Слав. dějǫ, děnǫ -- новообразования.
Further etymology: Ср. лит. dedù; стар. demì "кладу", dė́ti, лтш. dēt, др.-инд. dádhāti "кладет", авест. daδāiti -- то же, греч. τίθημι, буд. θήσω "кладу, ставлю", лат. faciō, fēcī "делаю" (:греч. ἔθηκα); другая ступень чередования: д.-в.-н. tuon, др.-сакс. dôn "делать" (Бернекер 1, 192 и сл.; Траутман, BSW 47; Торп 197 и сл.; М. -- Э. 1, 464 и сл.; И. Шмидт, KSchlBeitr. 7, 247 и сл.; Ягич, Das Leben der Wurzel dhē, Вена, 1871 г.). Сюда же ст.-слав. благодѣть δῶρον, χάρις, лит. dė́tis "ноша", гот. gadēþs "дело", д.-в.-н. tât "дело"; ср. также одёжа, оде́жда, де́ло.
Pages: 1,509
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *dē̂- (2) vb., *ded-in̂- vb., *dēw-ē̂- vb., *dē̃-tl-iā̃ f., *dē̂-ti- c., *dē̂-m-iā̃, *de(d)-m-iā̃ f., *dā-m-iā̃ f., *dē̂-s-n-ia- c.
Meaning: put
Old Lithuanian: { prs. 2 pl. deste, 1 sg. demì, 2 sg. desie-s, 3 sg. dest(i) }
Lithuanian: dḗti 'setzen, stellen, legen, hineintun, säen, pflanzen', caus. dẽdinti, dḗdinti 'legen machen (z. B. eine Henne)'; dēvḗti `tragen (von Kleidern), etwas gebrauchen, sich einer Sache bedienen'; { sam̃da-s `Miete, Pacht' }, dēklē̃ 'Ranzen', pl. dḗčiōs, dḗtīs 'Eierstock der Vögel, Ort, wo die Hühner, Enten, Gänse ihre Eier legen', dḗti-s 'dass.; Last, Ladung, Fracht'; dēmē̃ 'Flecken, Klels, Mal', demē̃, dōmē̃ 'Aufmerksamkeit, Obacht, Interesse; nuodžià 'Sünde, Vergehen', prãda-s 'Grundlage, (Grund)element, (Grund)prinzip, Grundsatz'; pradžià 'Anfang, Beginn', dial. padis 'der Henne untergelegtes Nestei', pl. pãdžiai 'Untergestell eiber Tonne, eines Backtrogs, Schragen'; dḗsni-s 'Gesetz'; ìžda-s 'Schatz, Schatzkase, Fiskus, Ausgabe, Aufwand, Spesen', ãpda-s 'Bekleidung', iñda-s 'Gefäss', sam̃da-s 'Miete, Pacht', ížda-s 'Schatz(kasse), Ausgabe, Aufwand'; avìdē 'Schafstall', alùdē 'Bierfass', dailìdē 'Zimmermann', atìdē 'Aufmerksamkeit'
Lettish: dêt (dêju) `legen (Eier)'
Old Prussian: sen senditmai rānkān 'mit gefalteten Händen' Ench. 53, 12; paddis 'Kummet' Voc. 312;
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-olith,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,baltet-oprus,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 376
Root: dhē-2
English meaning: to put, place
German meaning: `setzen, stellen, legen'
Derivatives: Nominalbildungen: -dhē-, dh-i-, -dh-o-; dhē-k-ā; dhē-li-, dhē-lo-; dhē-men-, dhē-mi-, dhǝ-mi-, dhō-mo-, dhǝ-mo-; dhe-dh-mo-; dhē-no-; dhē-tel-; dhē-tē̆r-, dhǝ-tē̆r-; dhē-to-, dhǝ-to-, dhē-tu-
Material: Ai. dádhāti, av. daδāiti `er setzt', apers. Impf. Sg. adadā `er hat eingerichtet', ai. Aor.á-dhā-m `ich setzte', Med. 3. Sg. á-dhita (= gr. ἔθετο) ; to-Partiz. ai. hitá-ḥ (-dhitá-ḥ in ved.Kompositis) `gesetzt' (= lat. con-ditus, ab-ditus, crēditus, wohl auch gr. θετός `gesetzt, bestimmt'), mit Vollstufe av. apers. dāta- (= lit. dė́tas `gesetzt', apr. sen-ditans Akk. Pl. f. `gefaltet', auch gr. θητόν βωμόν Hes., eig. `Aufgestelltes, Aufsatz'); Inf. ai. dhā́-tum (= lit. dė́tų Supin., aksl. dětь `zu setzen' : lat. [spät] conditus, -ūs m. `Gründung', Supin. -um, -ū, vgl. auch ai. dhā́tu-ḥ), m. `Bestandteil, Satz', av. vīδātu- n. `Begründung, feste Fügung'); i̯o-Präs. ai. dhāyatē `setzt für sich' (= lett. dêju, dêt `Eier legen', dẽju dẽt `zusammenlöten', aksl. dějǫ `lege', ačech. děju `tue, mache'); Perf. ai. dadhā́u, dadhimá, av. 3. Sg. daδa (: gr. τέθεμαι, lat. -didī, osk. prú-ffed, ahd. teta usw.). Arm. ed Aor. `er setzte' (= ai. á-dhāt; 1. Sg. edi, 2. Sg. edir), Präs. dnem `ich setze'(*dinem, idg. *dhē-no-, vgl. russ. dĕ́nu `setze, stelle, lege', skr. djènēm `tue, stelle, lege');
phryg. εδαες `posuit' (*e-dhǝ-es-t? eher = hitt. da-a-iš);
gr. τίθημι `setze' (Aor. ἔθηκα - s. unten -, ἔθεμεν, ἔθετο, Fut. θήσω, Partiz. θετός);
messap. hi-pa-des ` posuit' (*ĝhi-po-dhēs-t, J. B. Hofmann KZ. 63, 267);
lat. abdere `wegtun, verstecken, ἀποτιθέναι', con-dere `gründen, einlegen; bergen, bedecken' (dazu Cōnsus [*kom-d-to-] Gott des Ackerbaues), perdere `vernichten', crēdere `glauben, vertrauen' (s. u. *kered- `Herz'); über Einmischung von zu dare gehörigen Formen s. WH. I 362; Perf. condidī usw., osk. prú-ffed `posuit' (*-fefed).
Mit einer k-Erw. lat. faciō, -ere, fecī (: ἔθηκα), factum `tun, machen', osk. fakiiad, umbr. fac̣ia `faciat', fakurent Fut. II `fecerint', praen. (Manios-Inschrift) FheFhaked `fecit', osk. fefacit Konj. Perf. `fecerit', fefacust Fut. II `fecerit';
mit *fēk- umbr. feitu, fetu `facito':
facilis `(tunlich) leicht', umbr. fac̣efele ds.; faciēs `Aussehen, Erscheinung, Antlitz', facinus, ponti-fex, arti-fex bene-ficus u. dgl.; zur Bed. von interficiō `töte' (`*lasse verschwinden') vgl. ai. antar-hita-ḥ `verschwunden'.
Dieselbe k-Erw. außer in gr. ἔθηκα auch in θήκη `Behältnis', ai. dhā-ká-ḥ `Behälter' und phryg. αδ-δακετ `afficit', Med. αδ-δακετορ; ven. vhaχsɵo `fēcit' (*fak-s-to, das f wohl aus dem Ital.); hitt. dak-ki-eš-zi (dakkeszi) `macht, stellt hin' (: lat. facessō), dak-šu-ul (daksul) `freundlich' (: alat. facul); vielleicht toch. A tākā `ich wurde', B takāwā ds. (anders Pedersen Toch. 194);
gall. dede `posuit'; vgl. lat. con-, ab-, crē-didī, ahd. teta `ich tat'; air. -tarti `gibt' (*to-ro-ad-dīt aus *dhē-t), Perf. do-rat (*to-ro-ad-dat aus *dhǝ-t), Thurneysen Gr. 35;
ahd. tōm, tuom, as. tōn, ags. dōm `tue', Inf. ahd. tuon, as. ags. dōn (*dhō-m) `tun', Prät. ahd. teta `ich tat' (2. Sg. tāti, Pl. tātu-m; nach dem Typus got. sētum umgebildet), as. deda (2. Sg. dedōs, 3. Pl. dādun, dedun), ags. dyde < dudi (s. oben zu ai. dadhā́u); Part. Perf. Pass. ahd. gi-tān, ags. dōn `getan' aus *dhē-no- = aksl. o-děnъ `umgelegt, bekleidet';
in der Endung des schwachen Präter. (got. salbō-dēdun usw.) pflegt man meist die Wurzel dhē- zu suchen, hingegen in got. kunþa `erkannte', das idg. -t- enthalten muß, eine andere Bildung anzunehmen. Vgl. Hirt, Idg. Gr. IV, 99, Sverdrup NTS. 2, 55 ff., Marstrander, NTS. 4, 424 f., Specht KZ. 62, 69 ff., Kretschmer Sbb. Wien, 225. Bd., 2. Abh., 6 f.
lit. dė́ti `legen, stellen', Präs. 2. Pl. alt deste (*dhe-dh-te), Sg. demì, desie-s, dest(i) (vgl. Būga Kalba ir s. 158, 213), neugebildet dedù; lett. dêt (s. oben);
aksl. děti `legen' (auch `sagen'), Präs. deždǫ (*dedi̯ō) und dějǫ (s. oben); dějǫ, dějati `legen, verrichten'; -va-Iterativ aksl. o-děvati `(umtun), bekleiden', russ. děvátь `hinlegen, tun, setzen';
dazu wohl lit. dėviù, dėvė́ti `Kleider anhaben'; ein formantisches u̯ auch in gr. *θοακος und (assim.) *θαακος, vgl. θοάζω `sitze', ion. θω̃κος (hom. θόωκος für θό[]ακος geschrieben) `Sitz', θάβακον θα̃κον ἤ θρόνον Hes., att. auch θα̃κος ds., hom. θαάσσω `sitze', att. poet. θά̄σσω ds. (s. zur gr. Gruppe Bechtel Lexil. 161 f., Boisacq 335); vgl. auch thrak. -dava `Siedlung' aus *dhēu̯ā oder *dhǝu̯ā; wohl Umbildung nach dem Nebeneinander *dō-: *dou- `geben';
hitt. da-a-i (dāi) `setzt, legt', 1. Sg. te-eḫ-ḫi (tehhi), 3. Pl. ti-an-zi (Pedersen Hitt. 91, 112 f., 166), Prät. 3. Sg. da-a-iš; vielleicht auch dak-ki-eš-zi (s. oben);
toch. A tā-, täs-, tas-, B tes- `legen' (*dhē-s- Pedersen Toch. 186 f.);
lyk. ta- `legen' (Pedersen. Lyk. und Hitt. 30 f.).
Wurzelnomina (in Zusammensetzungen): z. B. ai. vayō-dhā́-ḥ `Lebenskraft verleihend', saṁ-dhā́ f. `Übereinkunft, Versprechen' (: lit. arklì-dė `Pferdestall'), saṁ-dh-á-m `Vereinigung' (: lit. sam-das), ratna-dh-á-ḥ `Schätze verleihend', ni-dh-í-ḥ m. `Behälter, Schatz', sam-dh-í-ḥ m. `Vereinigung, Bündnis, Sandhi', av. gao-δi- `Milchbehälter'; lit. samdas `Miete, Pacht', iñdas `Gefäß', nuodaĩ `Gift', (alt) núodžia `Schuld, Vergehen', pãdis `der Henne unterlegtes Ei', apr. umnode `Backhaus', lit. pelùdė, lett. pelude `Spreubehälter', aksl. obь-do n. `θησαυρός', sǫ-dъ `κρίσις, κρι̃μα'; vgl. Berneker 193 ff., Trautmann 47 f.; ob so auch aisl. oddr, ags. ord, ahd. ort `Spitze' als *ud-dho-s `emporgerichtet'?
Nominalbildungen:
Ai. dhā́tar- m. `Anstifter, Gründer', dhātár- `Schöpfer' (vgl. auch aksl. dětelь `Täter'), gr. θετήρ, lat. con-ditor `Gründer, Stifter';
vgl. *dhǝ-tlo- in air. dāl, acymr. datl, ncymr. dadl, abret. dadl `Versammlung', nbret. dael `contestation, querelle' (vgl. zur Bed. phryg. δουμος);
*dhǝ-ti- in ai. -dhiti-ḥ f. `das Stellen', dēvá-hiti-ḥ `Göttersatzung', gr. θέσις f. `Satzung, Ordnung', lat. con-diti-ō f. `Gründung'; *dhē-ti-s in av. ni-δāiti- f. `das Niederlegen, Ablegen, Verbergen', got. gadēds `Tat, Lage', aisl. dāð `Tüchtigkeit, Tat', ags. dǣd, ahd. tāt `Tat', lit. dė́tis `Last', Pl. dė́tys `Lege des Huhns, der Gans', aksl. blago-dětъ `χάρις, Gnade, Dank'; *dhǝ-t- im thrak. ON Δάτος, alb. dhatë (*dhǝ-tā) `Stätte'; *dhō-t- in av. dami-dā-t `der die Kreatur erschafft', lat. sacer-dōs `Priester' (*sacro-dhōt-s).
Ai. dhāna-m `Behälter', el. συνθη̃ναι (?) `Vertrag', ahd. Partiz. gitān, ags. dōn `getan', aksl. o-děnъ `(umgetan), bekleidet'; ai. dhána-m `Einsatz, Preis im Wettkampf usw.', nidhánam `das Sichfestsetzen, Aufenthalt usw.', gōdhana-m `Rinderbesitz', av. gao-δana- n. `Milchgefäß'.
Ai. dhā́man- n. `Satzung, Gesetz, Wohnstätte, Schar usw.', av. dāman-, dąman- n. `Stätte, Geschöpf', gr. ἀνά-θημα `das Aufgestellte, Weihgeschenk', ἐπί-θημα `das Daraufgestellte oder-gesetzte: Deckel; Bildsäule auf einem Grabe', θημών m. `Haufe'; εὐθήμων `wohl in Ordnung haltend'; thrak. Pflanzenname κοα-δάμα ποταμογείτων (Dioskor.) aus *kʷa-dhēmn̥ `Wassersiedlung', ON Uscu-dama; sekundär (nach θέσις) gr. θέμα n. `hinterlegtes Geld, aufgestellte Behauptung, Satz;Stammform (Gramm.)', vgl. auch Inf. θέμεναι; av. dāmi- f. `Schöpfung', Adj. (auch fem.) `schaffend, Schöpfer'; gr. θέμις, Gen. ursprüngl. θέμιστος `*die fest und unverbrüchlich stehende' als Göttinname, dann `Recht, Gesetz, Sitte', θέμεθλα Pl. `die Grundlagen eines Gebäudes; das Tiefste, Innerste', θεμέλιοι λίθοι `die Grundsteine', hom. θεμείλια (ει metr. Dehnung) `Grundlage, Grund';
tiefstufig: θαμά `*in Haufen; häufig, oft', θαμινός `häufig, gehäuft', hom. θαμέες, femin. θαμειαί Pl. `gehäuft, dicht gedrängt' (von *θαμύς), θάμνος `Dickicht, Gebüsch, Strauch'; auf ein *dhǝ-mo- `Niederlassung, Wohnstätte' (vgl. θαιμός οἰκία, σπόρος, φυτεία Hes. [*dhǝmi̯o-], auch ai. dhāman- `Wohnstätte') oder `Haufe, Schar (der Diener)' bezieht man vielleicht mit Recht auch lat. famulus `Diener', familia `Hausgenossenschaft', osk. famel `famulus', famelo `familia', umbr. fameřias `familia';
ō-stufig gr. θωμός `Haufe, Schober'; phryg. δουμος `σύνοδος, σύγκλητος, συμβίωσις', lat. ab-dōmen `Unterleib' als `pars abdita', vgl. ahd. intuoma `exta' (wäre lat. *indōmen), mnd. ingedōme, bayr. ingetum ds., got. dōms m. `Urteil, Ruhm' (dōmjan `urteilen'; aus dem Germ. russ. dúma `Gedanke, Sorge; Ratsversammlung' usw., s. Berneker 237), ags. dōm `Meinung, Sinn, Urteil, Gericht', ahd. tuom `Urteil, Tat, Sitte, Zustand', lit. domė̃, domesỹs `Aufmerksamkeit, Richten des Gedankens und Willens auf etwas', auch lit. dėmė̃ `Mal, Zustand; ausgedachter Grund' usw., dėmė́tis = domė́tis `sich merken, die Aufmerksamkeit worauf richten'.
Aisl. dǣll `facilis' (*dhē-li-s); vgl. urnord. dalidun `sie machten' (Prät. von germ. *dēlian), lit. pa-dėlỹs `der Henne unterlegtes Ei', priedėlė̃, príedėlis `Beilage', abg. dĕlo n. `Werk', wozu (s. Berneker 195 f., Trautmann 48) aksl. dělja, děljьma m. Gen. `wegen', lit. dė̃l, del̃, dė̃liai, lett. dẽl' mit Gen. `wegen, um willen'.
An vereinzelten Bildungen vgl. noch gr. τεθμός (Pind.), θεθμός (lak. usw.), θεσμός (att.) `Satzung' nach Thurneysen (KZ. 51, 57) zu air. dedm, cymr. deddf (*dhe-dh-mā) ds. (anders Schwyzer Gr. Gr. I 49212); θωή, att. θωά: `Strafe'. Sehr unsicher wird auf eine s-Erw. bezogen aisl. des (*dasjō) `Heustock, Heudieme' (Lw. aus dem Air.?), air. dais (*dasti-) `Haufen, Heudieme', womit E. Lewy (KZ. 52, 310) vielmehr osset. dasun `aufhäufen' vergleicht.
References: WP. I 826 ff., WH. I 266, 362 f., 439 ff., 863, Trautmann 47 ff., Schwyzer Gr. Gr. I 492, 686, 722, 725, 741, Pedersen Hitt. 141 ff., 192.
Pages: 235-239
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-derivative,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *dḕ
Meaning: to lie
Russian meaning: лежать
Comments: One of the common Altaic monosyllabic verbal roots. Note dental suffixation (probably *dē-ta-) reflected in PT, TM and Jpn.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *jạt-
Meaning: to lie, to sleep
Russian meaning: лежать, спать
Old Turkic: jat- (Orkh., OUygh.)
Turkish: jat-
Tatar: jat-
Uzbek: jɔt-
Uighur: jat-
Sary-Yughur: jat-
Azerbaidzhan: jat- 1, 2
Turkmen: jat-
Khakassian: čat-
Oyrat: d́at-
Halaj: jat-
Yakut: sɨt-
Dolgan: hɨt-
Tuva: čɨ't-
Tofalar: čɨ't-
Kirghiz: ǯat-
Kazakh: žat-
Noghai: jat-
Bashkir: jat-
Balkar: žat-
Gagauz: jat-
Karaim: jat-
Karakalpak: žat-
Salar: jaht-
Kumyk: jat-
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *de-b-
Meaning: 1 to lay, put, spread, bed 2 saddle cushion 3 mat, rug
Russian meaning: 1 класть, подстилать, 2 подушка седла 3 подстилка
Written Mongolian: debǯije 3, debsi 2 (L 239: debse) Middle Mongolian: debusger (HY 23) 2, däbos- (IM), dibä̆s- 1, dĭbisgä̆r 2 (MA), debsgǝr 2 (LH) Khalkha: devǯē 3, devs(en), devsger 2
Buriat: debdi- 1, debhe(n) 2
Kalmuck: dewsǝ- 1 (КРС 191), dewsǝ 2 Ordos: dewes- 1
Baoan: dēsǝ- 1
Dagur: debseg 2, deuse- 1
Shary-Yoghur: debse 2, debsger 3
Monguor: dēsǝgu 3, d(w)ēsǝ- , debse- (Minghe) 1
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-bao,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *dē-
Meaning: 1 to lie 2 bed 3 decking
Russian meaning: 1 лежать 2 постель 3 настил
Spoken Manchu: dudu- 1 (522)
Literary Manchu: dedu- 1
Jurchen: dedu-rie (355) 'to lie, to sleep'
Ulcha: deduxu 3
Orok: deduxi 3
Nanai: dederi 3
Oroch: dē 2
Comments: ТМС 1, 227, 230. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-chu,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *dàntǝ̀-r-
Meaning: to spend the night
Russian meaning: ночевать
Old Japanese: jador-
Middle Japanese: jàdor-
Tokyo: yadóru
Kyoto: yádór-
Kagoshima: yadór-
Comments: JLTT 784. The form seems to be derived from *dá 'room, house', but the tone contradicts it (all dialects except Kagoshima point to *dà(n)tǝ̀r-). japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 1058
Proto: *teke
English meaning: to do, make
German meaning: tun, machen
Finnish: teke- 'machen, tun'
Estonian: tege-
Saam (Lapp): dâkkâ- -g- 'do, make, perform', tȧχkɛ̮- (Wfs.) 'machen', takki̊- (T) 'machen, tun'
Mordovian: t́eje- (E), t́ije- (M) 'machen, tun (ERS), деть, девать (E)'
Hungarian: tëv- (të-, tësz-) 'tun, machen; legen, setzen, stellen', tét 'Einsatz, (veralt.) Tat', (veralt.) tekéll-, tökéll- 'tun, machen, verrichten'
Sammalahti's version: *teki-
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-ugr,uralet-samm2,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *dew-/dw-
Russian meaning: лежать, класть
English meaning: to lie, lay
Georgian: dev-, d(v)-
Megrel: d(v)-
Svan: d-
Laz: d(v)-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 72-73, EWK 106-107. В ОСНЯ 1, 224 корень сравнивается с ПИЕ *dhē- 'класть, ставить', урал. *te-ke- 'делать', брагуи ti-k_h_- 'класть' и ТМ *dī- 'всовывать', с реконструкцией ностр. *dVʕV 'класть'.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-sva,kartet-laz,kartet-notes,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *=ătV
Meaning: to put, leave
Comments and references : HGC 37, WFR 140. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *=ătVr
Meaning: to let, leave; to stay
Proto-Avaro-Andian: *=it- Proto-West Caucasian: *tV Notes: A widely spread common NC verbal stem. Initial *j- in PL is probably a trace of the class marker *j-, since the verb has changing class prefixes in most languages. The Nakh, most Andian and Lak. forms reflect the Ablaut grade *-ĭtVr. See Абдоков 1983, 158, 166-167.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *=it-
Meaning: to leave
Chechen: =it-
Ingush: =it-
Batsbi: =it-
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *=it-
Meaning: 1 to leave, let 2 to stay,be there
Avar: te- 1, =at- 2
Chadakolob: =Vtá- 1
Andian language: =et- 1
Akhvakh: ot- 1
Chamalal: =et- 1
Tindi: =et- 1
Karata: =it- 1
Comments: Av. =at- reflects "stem 1", te- - "stem 2". The back vowel in Akhv. (cf. also Tseg., Tl. ut-) is not clear; perhaps it reflects an old Ablaut grade *ut-, attested also in Cham. =ut- 'to sit (down)', Tind. =ut- 'to release, untie'. The vowels *-i- and *-e- are not usually distinguished in PA; but in this verbal root they seem to distinguish the transitive stem ("to leave") from the intransitive ("to stay; to get lost, disappear"). Cf. Akhv. ot- 'to leave' : =it- 'to lose (in a game)'; Kar. =it- 'to leave' : =et- 'to get lost'; Cham., Tind. =et- 'to leave' : =it- 'to get lost; (in Tind. also) to lose (in a game)'. We must probably reconstruct a single stem *=it- with later differentiation in individual languages.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: =ita-
Meaning: leave
Lak form: =ita-n
Comments: G. pr. =i=tun. Cf. also (with Ablaut) bat =an 'to hide', bat xun 'to get lost' ( > Arch. bat as, bat =kes).
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *=atVr-
Meaning: leave
Akusha: =at-
Chiragh: =at- / =art-
Comments: Cf. also Ur. =at(r)-/=alt-. There exists also an old compound with a not quite clear second component: Chir. =it-aq- 'to get lost, disappear (*'stay behind')'.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *jatär-
Meaning: to let, leave
Lezghian: ta-
Tabasaran: ʁ-i=t-
Agul: at-
Rutul: s-a=ta-
Kryz: ja=tɨr-
Budukh: jo=rtu
Archi: a=ti-
Udi: b-arte-sun
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. pret. tu-na; Ag. Bursh. ata-. It is not quite clear why Lezgian had lost the initial vowel; perhaps it reflects (like Tab. -it-) the PL *-i- Ablaut grade. The verb belongs to the strong verb class. See Бокарев 1961, 62; Лексика 1971, 257; Гигинейшвили 1977, 80.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Khinalug etymology :
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Khinalug root: at-
North Caucasian etymology: 762
Meaning: be there, be available
Khinalug form: at-
Comments: Term. at-q̇i, dur. at-kʷi.
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,khinet-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *tV
Meaning: 1 to be inside 2 to stand 3 to be
Abkhaz: -ta-/-t(ǝ)- 1
Abaza: -ta-/-t(ǝ)- 1
Adyghe: wǝ-š́ǝ-tǝ-n 2
Kabardian: śǝ-tǝ-n 2
Ubykh: t(ǝ)- 3
Comments: PAT *tV- 'to be inside' (also used as a preverb), cf. Abkh. a-tá-la-ra 'enter', Abaz. ta-l-ra id., ta-pa-ra 'jump inside' etc. The root is used also as a noun stem in *tV-ra 'place where' (Abkh. a-t-rá, Abaz. ta-ra ). PAK *tǝ- (usually with preverbs) 'be, stay, stand'; also used as a preverb "upon the surface of smth.".
In Ub. the root -t(ǝ)- is used as a variant of tʷǝ- 'to be' in some forms (see Vogt 16, 194); historically these are two quite different roots (see PWC *ṕǝ-).
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *dhăH (/*thăH)
Meaning: put, place
Tibetan: gda to be, to be there, gtad (p. btad, gtad, f. gtad, i. btod) lean upon, deliver up, stad (p., f. bstad, i. stod) put on, lay on.
Burmese: thah to put, place, LB *stax.
Kachin: da3 put, place, (H) ta be left, placed, tha to sit, rest.
Lushai: daʔ put, place, set.
Lepcha: tho-m place
Comments: Tsangla tha; Kanauri ta; Vayu ta put, place, keep. Sh. 58; Ben 19; Mat. 191. Cf. also: OC 佇 *d_raʔ 'to stand', Burm. thaʔ 'to stand up'.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-kach,stibet-lush,stibet-lepcha,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 署
Modern (Beijing) reading: shǔ
Preclassic Old Chinese: d(h)as
Classic Old Chinese: d(h)ah
Western Han Chinese: d(h)ah
Eastern Han Chinese: ʒ́(h)ah
Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́(h)ò
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́(h)ò
Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒ́(h)ò
Middle Chinese: ʒ́ö̀
English meaning : office, occupation, service [LZ]
Russian meaning[s]: государственное учреждение; главное управление; управление, канцелярия; [shù] 1) подписывать, ставить подпись; 2) временно исполнять должность; вр. и. о.; 3) расположить, разместить
Comments: The Mand. tone is irregular (shù would be expected). Standard Sino-Viet. is thụ'.
Radical: 122
Four-angle index: 1619
Karlgren code: 0045 r
Vietnamese reading: thọ'
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *di(j)
Meaning: to lie down, put down
Ket: dij 'to put, load'; d-á-vɛ-ŕej 'es legt sich', dadávɛŕɛ 'sie legt es' (Werner 1, 178); qäń...ŕij 'sich mit dem Gesicht nach unten legen' (Werner 2, 78).
Yug: di / diʔ 'to put, load'; dida:hb-di 'ich lade es', pret. didábɨr-di (Werner 1, 178)
Comments: Werner 1, 178, 188 (without reconstruction); see also notes to *tVn-.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *-́t-
Meaning: to do, make, set up
Yasin: -́t-
Hunza: -́t-
Nagar: -́t-
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *da
Meaning: to be (is)
Bizkaian: da
Gipuzkoan: da
High Navarrese: da
Low Navarrese: da
Lapurdian: da
Zuberoan: da
Roncalese: da
Comments: *da is an irregular 3rd person singular form of the verb *e=isa-n 'to be'. There is also a plural, *di-ra 'they are'.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-lab,basqet-zbr,basqet-rnc,basqet-comments,
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