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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 112
Proto-Semitic: *lVɣ-
Meaning: jaw
Akkadian: (?) lah_û 'jaw' MB on [CAD l 44], [AHw 529]. Unless < *liḥ(a)y-(at-) 'cheek, jaw', No. ; on h_ < SEM *ḥ and *ɣ see Introduction (another explanation is that lah_û is an early W. SEM borrowing)
Hebrew: mǝtallǝʕōt (pl.) 'jawbones' [KB 654]. Metathetic from -t- infixed stem (cf. constr. *maltǝʕōt in Ps 58.7). Cf. lōăʕ, a hapax in Pr 23:2, translated as 'gullet' in [KB 532]; the context, however, allows for both interpretations, 'gullet' and 'jaw', the latter supported by the meaning 'jaw' attested in PB [Ja 700]
Judaic Aramaic: lōʕā, lūʕā 'jaw' [Ja 700]; lwʕ do. [Sok 280]
Syrian Aramaic: lōʕā 'maxilla' [Brock 361]
Arabic: (?) luɣn- 'nerf de la conque de l'oreille; lobe de l'oreille' [BK 2 1006]. Related with suffixed -n and a highly specified meaning shift? Note also what looks a variant root with an enigmatic -d as a third radical: luɣd- (also luɣdūd-, liɣdīd-) 'lobe de l'oreille, le bas de l'oreille; chair tendre entre le palais et le canal de la déglutition' [ibid. 1005]
Mehri: QISHN lɣǝnī́n, pl. lɣǝnṓn 'double chin' [SSL 1 281]. The first -n- may be explained as a nominal suffix (see Introduction), while the second -n probably reflects the PSEM dual suffix *-āni/*-ayni non-productive in MSA. Note a meaning shift
Notes: Usually united with the similar forms meaning 'throat', 'to lick', etc. (see *luɣ(ɣ)- 'throat, pharynx', No. ). Note that Leslau unconvincingly considers HBR mǝtallǝʕōt (below) related to GEZ maltāḥt 'jaw' (see discussion in [LGz 319]), while Maizel compares these forms as variant roots [Maizel 255].
Cf. a variant root in ARM MAʕL nīʕa 'Kiefer' [Berg 61] (related [ibid.] to ARM lōʕā).
Cf. *liḥ(a)y-(at-) 'cheek, jaw', No. .
[Holma 31]: AKK, ARB (laḥy-), HBR (lǝḥī); [KB 654]: HBR, GEZ (maltāḥt); [Brock 361]: SYR, JUD, HBR (lōăʕ), AKK (lūʔu, lētu)
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-akk,semet-hbr,semet-jud,semet-syr,semet-ara,semet-mhr,semet-notes,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *laɣ-
Meaning: jaw and upper part of neck
Notes: Otherwise to compare to Sem. *luɣ(ɣ)- 'throat, pharynx' (SED 176); the Chad. forms, with unclear *-H- may be also compared to Sem. *liḥ(a)y-(at-) 'cheek, jaw' (SED 178). Cf. *laɣ- 'speak'
afaset-meaning,afaset-sem,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-agw,afaset-lec,afaset-dhl,afaset-omo,afaset-notes,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *laH-
Meaning: 'neck'
Bokos: là [JgR]
Sha: laha [JgR]
Daffo-Butura: là [JgR]
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-bks,wchet-sha,wchet-dfb,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *wila(H)- ~ *luy(H)-
Meaning: 'neck'
Kilba: wulya
Wamdiu: luya
Mbara: lḕ [TMba]
Munjuk: wile [TMnj]
Daba: wìlà
Gidar: wul
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-klb,cchet-wmd,cchet-mba,cchet-mnj,cchet-dab,cchet-gid,
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Central Cushitic (Agaw) etymology :
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Proto-Agaw: *ḳVlm-
Meaning: neck
Bilin: kirmā́ ?
Khamta: qälmā [CR], qǝ́lma [Appl]
agwet-prnum,agwet-meaning,agwet-bil,agwet-xmt,
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Low East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-Low East Cushitic: *luḲ-un/m-
Meaning: 'neck'
Somali: luqun (cf. liq- 'to swallow')
Arbore: lúko <*luḳ-
Elmolo: lúku (-k- <*-ḳ- is irregular: acc. to [Black], *-ḳ > ELM 0)
Konso: ḫolma (<*kVlm-, irregular <*ḳVlm- or *kVrm-?)
lecet-prnum,lecet-meaning,lecet-som,lecet-arb,lecet-dum,lecet-kon,
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Dahalo etymology :
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Dahalo: laḳa
Meaning: 'area under chin'
dhlet-prnum,dhlet-meaning,
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Omotic etymology :
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Proto-Omotic: *luɣom-
Meaning: neck
Ongota: luɣoma
omoet-prnum,omoet-meaning,omoet-ong,
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