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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *gwVgr- <*gwVrgVr-?
Meaning: 'to till the soil'
Pero: gbúgrò 'to till the soil' (Frajzyngier 1985, 31; <*gwVgr- <*gwVrgVr-?)
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-per,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *(HV)g(w)Vr-
Meaning: cultivated field; tilling, hoeing
Notes: < *ʔV-gʷar- related to *gwar- or gu/ar- 'to collect, harvest', with *ʔV- prefixed, or < *hVgwVr- to compare to Eth. *garh-, with metathesis.
afaset-meaning,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-notes,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 1942
Proto-Semitic: *(ʔV-)g(w)ar- (or *hugar-)/*garh-
Meaning: field, arable land
Akkadian: ugāru 'Feldflur, Ackerland' OAkk. on (AHw, 1402; acc. to von Soden, from Sum., but more likely from Sem. *(ʔV-)g(w)ar- or *hugar-)
Arabic: ǯawwār- 'laboureur' (BK 1, 353; nomen agentis <*gwr)
Geʕez (Ethiopian): garha 'to plough', garāht, garh 'field, arable land, farm. estate' (LGz., 202)
Tigre: gärhat 'field' (LGz., 202)
Tigrai (Tigriñña): Tna. gǝrat, pl. gǝrahǝw 'field' (LGz., 202)
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-akk,semet-ara,semet-gzz,semet-tgr,semet-tgy,
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Berber etymology :
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Proto-Berber: *HigVr
Meaning: 'field, arable land'
Ntifa: igǝr 'champ de céréales' (Laoust 1920, 258)
Seghrushen: Mṭmṭ iǯǝr , Mṭmṭ iǯǝr 'champ de céréales' (Laoust 1920, 258)
Shawiya: iḡr, iyǝr 'terrain cultivé' (Laoust 1920, 258)
Qabyle (Ayt Mangellat): iǯǝr 'champ labouré et ensemencé de céréales (orge, blé)' (Dallet 1982, 270)
Notes: hardly from Lat. ager
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-ntf,brbet-sgr,brbet-sha,brbet-qbl,brbet-notes,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *ŋgwurum-
Meaning: 'hoe'
Higi Ghye: (Gye) ŋ̀gwuru
Fali Jilvu: Fali (Kiria) ùŋwuru-mu; (Gili) ŋ̀wur
Notes: (<*HVgwur-mV, with an instrumental suffix and loss of the laryngeal compensated by nazalization of the velar? Stolbova combines these examples with Hs. kṓrámḗ and C. Ch. forms in k-, ŋ- and h- reconstructing *qoram-, see Stolbova 1996, 71)
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-hgh,cchet-faj,cchet-notes,
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