West Chadic etymology : List with all references

Another meaning of the same word 'chevelure abondante et qui retombe sur les épaules' may be influenced by the semantics of the apparently homonymous verbal root ǧamma 'être riche, abondant' [ibid. 321]

Tigre: gǝmmät 'long hair (that has not been cut for a long time)' [LH 568].

As for gamme 'kind of hairdress (crown of hair around the head)' compared by [DRS 141] (cf. the same semantic component in TNA and AMH), it may be contaminated with, or related to, gamma 'crown, diadem' [LH 566]

Tigrai (Tigriñña): gammä 'specie di corona di capelli che si lasciano intonsi o si intrecciano intorno al capo di ragazzi e ragazze' [Bass 819]

Amharic: gamma 'mane (of an equine); ribbon tied around the head' [K 1906]

Harari: gammä [LHar 72]

East Ethiopic: ZWY gamma, SEL gäme, WOL gämi 'mane' [LGur 275]

Gurage: EZ̆A gama, GYE gam_a, CHA MUH gamma, ENN gāmma, END gāmmä, MSQ GOG gammä, SOD gʷamme do. [LGur 275]; also END gämmām 'horses and mules' [ibid.].

According to Leslau, from CUSH: SID gamma, OROMO gāma, SOM SAHO AFAR gama [ibid.]

Notes: Scarce attestation (ARB and MOD ETH only) apparently supported by the AFRASIAN data (below); however, a possibility of an ARB loan in ETH (with a further semantic development thereof to 'mane' and 'horse'), and an ETH loan in CUSH and OMOT, though less likely, is not to be excluded. [DRS 141]: ARB, ETH

Old Egyptian: (?) gmḥ.t (sarc)

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'hairlock'

Proto-CChadic: *nV-gum-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: beard

Lamang: ùɣùmù [CLR:13]

Gidar: engemé [CLR:13]

Proto-EChadic: *gum-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'beard'

Kabalai: guma [CLR:13]

Proto-Agaw: *gam-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'mane'

Khamir: gama

Proto-Saho-Afar: *gamm-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'mane'

Saho: gamma

Afar (Danakil): gamma

Proto-Low East Cushitic: *gamm-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'mane'

Somali: gama

Oromo (Galla): gamma

Proto-High East Cushitic: *gamm-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'mane'

Sidamo: gamma

Proto-Omotic: *gamm-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'mane'

Kafa (Kaficho): gaammoo

Borean (approx.) : KVMV

Meaning : hair; feather

Afroasiatic : *gamm-

Sino-Caucasian : NC *q̇_(w)ămʔǝ̄ 'plait, mane; hair'

Amerind (misc.) : *kampi 'wing; feather' [+ A]

West Chadic etymology :

Afroasiatic etymology :

Semitic etymology :

Egyptian etymology :

Central Chadic etymology :

East Chadic etymology :

Central Cushitic (Agaw) etymology :

Saho-Afar etymology :

Low East Cushitic etymology :

High East Cushitic etymology :

Omotic etymology :

Long-range etymologies :