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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *ʔa-gari ,*gar-
Meaning: 'k. of antelope, oryx'
Hausa: āgārē 'big, male gazelle'
Cagu: gāre 'reedbuck'
Mburku: gāri 'oryx'
Ngizim: agare 'gazelle'
Notes: Sk 1984 15
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-hsa,wchet-cag,wchet-mbu,wchet-ngz,wchet-notes,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *(ʔa-)gʷar
Meaning: k. of antelope; ram; goat
Notes: SIFKY 72, HSED 898 (WCh: Tsa, Mbr; CCh: Log.; ECh: Tum., Qwn; Bed., Ome; Irq)
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-ech,afaset-bed,afaset-hec,afaset-scu,afaset-omo,afaset-notes,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 2389
Proto-Semitic: *gVr(-at)-
Meaning: small hoofed animal
Akkadian: gurratu, agurratu 'ewe' MA [CAD a1 160], [AHw. 299]. // The form without a- is common and is taken as the basic one in [AHw.] (the variant form with a- is found once in a lexical list but is the basic one according to [CAD]). According to [Landsberger-Gurney 340], "agurratu ... is the Assyr. equivalent of Babyl. immertu or lah̊ru" (note that here Landsberger gives up his earlier suggestion according to which the present term is to be connected with Sem. terms for 'young animal' like Syr. guryā [Landsberger 1935-6 155]).
Tigre: gärwa 'kudu (antelope)' [LH 576].
Tigrai (Tigriñña): gahret 'doe antelope' (K Tna 2189)
Notes: Sparsely attested and therefore not quite reliable. As for the the semantic difference, it is worth noting that an almost identical meaning correspondence is attested for the same languages in *bVb-, No. ... . Cf. Tna. gahret, gahrät 'antilope femmina' [Bass. 807].
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-akk,semet-tgr,semet-tgy,semet-notes,
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Berber etymology :
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Proto-Berber: *gur-
Meaning: 'ram'
Zenaga: ǝgrǝrh, pl. gurănh 'bélier' Nic. 156
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-zng,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *n-gʷari, *gar-
Meaning: 'ram' 1, 'antelope' 2
Mofu-Gudur: Hursa goragora, Udlam gwara, Matakam ŋgwur Skin. Dom.An. 196 1
Logone: garia "antelope" (Lk ad73)
Buduma=Yedina: ŋgǝri "gazelle" (Lk ad73), Kuri ingeri, Makeri ingǝrii "antelope" (G ad73)
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-mof,cchet-log,cchet-bud,
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East Chadic etymology :
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Proto-EChadic: *gVwVr- ~ *gVrw-
Meaning: 'antelope'
Tumak: gǝru 'antelope' HSED No. 898
Kwang: gowor-to 'antelope' HSED No. 898
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-tum,echet-kwn,
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Bedauye (Beja) etymology :
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Bedauye: garuwa
Meaning: 'eland' Bl.Beja 11 apud Huds., Kuhantilope' apud Rein.
bedet-prnum,bedet-meaning,
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High East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-High East Cushitic: *ga/ura/un/m-
Meaning: 'k. of antelope'
Sidamo: gurum'iččo 'gazelle', garrančo 'Agazen antelope' SIFKY 72
hecet-prnum,hecet-meaning,hecet-sid,
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South Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-South Cushitic: *gʷaraʔi
Meaning: 'k. of antelope'
Iraqw (Mbulu): gwaraʔai 'Hartebeest' SIFKY 72
Burunge (Mbulungi): geraʔi 'Grant's gazelle' Ehr HRSC 237
scuet-prnum,scuet-meaning,scuet-irq,scuet-bur,
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Omotic etymology :
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Proto-Omotic: *gar-
Meaning: 'antelope dekula'
Ometo: Wol. gaaraa "antelope dekula" (C ad73), Dawaro id. ibid.
omoet-prnum,omoet-meaning,omoet-ome,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVRV
Meaning : antelope
African (misc.) : Cf. also Sandawe gwḁrthaʔ 'goat'; Central Sakharan ŋgweri 'animal, antelope'. globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-afr,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *gujrV
Meaning: antelope
References: МССНЯ 330, ОСНЯ 1, 237; ND 663 *guyrE 'beast', 672 *gurHa 'antelope' (hardly distinguishable). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-chuk,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *g'hwēr-
Meaning: wild beast
Tokharian: B śer- 'hunt', A śaru, B śerwe (PT *śerwe) 'hunter' (Adams 633, 634)
Old Greek: thḗr, -ós, aeol. phḗr, gen. -ós m. `wildes Tier, Raubtier'
Russ. meaning: зверь (общее название)
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-tokh,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: зверь,
Near etymology: укр. звiр, др.-русск., ст.-слав. звѣрь θηρίον, также собир., болг. звяр, сербохорв. зви̏jер ж., словен. zvȇr, род. п. zverȋ ж., др.-чеш. zvěř, слвц. zver, польск. zwierz, zwierzę, в.-луж. zwěrjо ср. р., н.-луж. zwěŕe.
Further etymology: Родственно лит. žvėrìs, вин. žvė̃rį и žvė́rį "зверь", лтш. zvęr̂s, др.-прусск. вин. мн. swirins "дикое животное", греч. θήρ, род. θηρός -- то же, эол. φήρ, лат. ferus "дикий". Слав. сложные слова с зверо- свидетельствуют об основе на согласный (Френкель, ZfslPh 13, 211), лтш. основа на -о объясняется унаследованным род. мн. zvę̂ru, вост.-лит. žvėrų̃, греч. θηρῶν; см. Траутман, ВSW 374 и сл.; М.--Э. 4, 773; Вальде--Гофм. 1, 487; Мейе--Эрну 410. Форма звери́нец (впервые в 1705 г.; см. Христиани 51) могла быть произведена с равным успехом от др.-русск. звѣринъ -- прилаг. или из польск. zwierzyniec (Христиани (там же) придерживается последнего).
Pages: 2,87
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *ǯwē̂r-i- (*ǯwē̂r-) (1/2) c.
Meaning: animal
Lithuanian: žvērìs, pl. nom. žvḗres, gen. žvērų̃/-ių̃ m., dial. f. `(wildes) Tier'
Lettish: zvę̂r-s, dial. zvę̄̀rs, zvêris, zvèris2, zvêris2 'wildes Tier, Bestie'
Old Prussian: swīrins pl. acc.
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,baltet-oprus,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 754
Root: ĝhu̯ēr-
English meaning: wild beast
German meaning: `wildes Tier'
Material: Gr. θήρ, -ός, m. spät f. (θη̃ρες, θηρω̃ν = ostlit. žvė́res, žvėrų̃, Schwyzer Gr. Gr. I 424), lesb.φήρ, hom. Φη̃ρες, thess. φείρ (πεφειρά̄κοντες = τεθηρακότες, Φιλόφειρος) `Tier'; lat. ferus, -a, -um `wild, wildwachsend, -lebend' (*ĝhuero-s);
mit Überführung in die i-Deklination (nach dem Akk. Sg. Pl. -ь, -i = m̥, -n̥s) lit. žvėrìs m. f., lett. zvêrs m.; apr. Akk. Pl. swīrins;
aksl. zvěrь `wildes Tier', sloven, zvę̂r, ačech. zvěř m. f., russ. zvěrь;
substantiv. Adjektiv lit. žvėrienà f., russ. zvěrína `Wildbret', zu lat. carō ferīna ds.
References: WP. I 642 f., WH. I 487 f., Trautmann 374 f.
Pages: 493
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *gúri ( ~ -o-, -ŕ-, -e)
Meaning: deer, game
Russian meaning: олень, дичь
Comments: PTM and Korean reflect a common derivative *gúri-nV-. Note that Mong. *gura 'roebuck' is to be kept apart, see *ŋurV. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *görüɣe-
Meaning: antelope, wild steppe animal, game
Russian meaning: антилопа, дикое степное животное, дичь
Written Mongolian: görüge(n), görügesü(n) (L 387) Middle Mongolian: gore'e, gore'esun (SH), gors[o]n (IM), guräsun (MA) Khalkha: görȫs(ön)
Buriat: gürȫhe(n)
Kalmuck: görɛ̄sṇ, görɛ̄
Ordos: görȫs
Shary-Yoghur: görösǝn
Monguor: korosǝ 'bête féroce, bête sauvage' (SM 215) Mogol: ZM gor[ä]sun 'wild ass' (21-1) monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-mogh,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *gurma- / *gurna-
Meaning: 1 hare 2 squirrel 3 ermine
Russian meaning: 1 заяц 2 белка 3 горностай
Evenki: gurnun 2
Even: gurnata 3
Spoken Manchu: Gulǝmahun 'hare, rabbit' (2216)
Literary Manchu: Gulmaχun 1
Jurchen: guRma-xaj (150)
Nanai: Gormaχõ 1
Comments: ТМС 1, 161, 174. Cf. also Nan. (On.) gorgo 'fox'. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-chu,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *kòrání
Meaning: deer, reindeer, elk
Russian meaning: олень, лось
Modern Korean: korani
Middle Korean: kòrání
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 336
Proto: *kojra (Red.: koj(e)-ra)
English meaning: male
German meaning: Männchen
Finnish: koira 'Hund' ( > Saam. N goairre), koiras (gen. koiraksen) 'Männchen'
Estonian: koer (gen. koera) 'Hund'
Komi (Zyrian): ki̮r (I) 'männlicher Hund', ki̮r-pon (S P), kør (PO)
Khanty (Ostyak): kar (V), χor (DN), χar (O) 'Rentierochs; Hengst; Männchen'
Mansi (Vogul): kɛ̮̄r (TJ), χār (KU So.), kē̮r (P)
Hungarian: here (acc. herét) 'Drohne; Müßiggänger, Schmarotzer; Hode; Klee', herél- 'kastrieren'
Nenets (Yurak): χora (O) 'Männchen, wilder Rentierbulle; Hengst, Widder; Fischmilch; (OP auch) Geschlechtsorgan des Mannes und des männlichen Tieres' ( > Komi ke̮r 'Rentier', kora 'Rentierstier')
Enets (Yen): k͔or (Ta.), kor-sîr 'Stier, Hengst', qōr (Tur.) 'Rentiermännchen', qori̮ qup 'Mann', qor (Ty.) 'Männchen'
Kamass: kora 'Ochs, Männchen'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-kam,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *gor_-
Meaning : deer
Notes : A very weak root because of its contamination with *kor_- 'sheep'.
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-notes,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *gor_r_-
Meaning : in: (B) kukka-gorre barking deer, Cervulus muntjac; (Śaŋk., SAN) koṇḍa-gor_r_e, (B) koṇḍa-gorre deer, antelope
Telugu : gor_r_e
Number in DED : 2165
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-dednum,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *gor-j- (*-r_-)
Meaning : deer
Kolami : goria
Kinwat Kolami : goria "antelope"
Number in DED : 2165
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-kol_kin,kogaet-dednum,
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Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *'ǝɣʷrǝ-nik
Meaning (Rus.): зверь
Comments: Историческое сложение, где вторая часть *nike 'нечто. это, что-то (заместительное)' (879).
kamet-prnum,kamet-meaning,kamet-chuk,kamet-itel,kamet-comments,
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Chukchee-Koryak etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *ɣǝ̣rnịk
Meaning (Rus.): зверь 1, охотиться 2
Chukchee: ɣǝ́nnik 1
Koryak: ɣǝ́jnik (III) 1, tǝ-ɣǝjni-ŋ-ǝk 2
Palan: ɣǝrnik 1, tǝ-ɣǝrni-ŋ-kǝ 2
Alutor: ɣǝrnik 1
Comments: Вторая часть этого слова, по-видимому, *nike 'это, что-то (заместительное)' (879).
chuket-prnum,chuket-meaning,chuket-chu,chuket-kor,chuket-pal,chuket-alu,chuket-comments,
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Itelmen etymology :
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Proto-Itelmen: *ɣʷirnik
Meaning (Rus.): зверь
Itelmen: wirnik, ɣirnik
Itelmen meaning: зверь
West Itelmen: ɣurnɨk (ɣurnɨk-in poss.)
West Itelmen meaning: animal
West Itelmen meaning (Polish): zwierzę
Number in Volodin 1976: 33
itelet-prnum,itelet-meaning,itelet-ite,itelet-itemea,itelet-wit,itelet-witmea,itelet-witmep,itelet-vol,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ḳV́jV
Meaning: deer; game
Comments and references : Differently in NSC 53. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *g(h)ij
Meaning: barking deer
Burmese: khjij barking deer, Cervus Muntjac, LB *khij.
Kachin: čǝkhji1 barking deer.
Lushai: sa-khi, KC *m?-t-khi barking deer.
Comments: Sh. 44; Ben. 26.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-burm,stibet-kach,stibet-lush,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,
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Kiranti etymology :
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Proto-Kiranti: *[kh]i-sǝ
Meaning: deer
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-kul,kiret-yam,
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Kulung dictionary :
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Entry: khisi
Grammar: n.
Meaning: deer
Nepali: mṛph
Comments: Cf. PST *khij.
kulet-prnum,kulet-pspeech,kulet-meaning,kulet-nepali,kulet-comments,
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Yamphu dictionary :
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Entry: ki:sa
Grammar: n.
Meaning: deer.
Nepali: m(r)ga
yamet-prnum,yamet-pspeech,yamet-meaning,yamet-nepali,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *gǝʔj
Meaning: hunt, wild animal
Ket: kʌʔj 'hunt'
Yug: kʌʔj 'hunt'
Kottish: kōja 'elk'; Ass. (М., Сл., Кл.) kója 'deer (rangifer)'
Comments: ССЕ 226. In КС 166 the root is not separated from *χV̄j 'elk' (q.v.), with which it is also compared in Werner 2, 62 - on the general (and unnecessary) confusion about this word see under *gaj 'go round, return'.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *KUj
Meaning: a k. of deer
Austroasiatic meaning: deer
Proto-Thai: kuj.A k. of deer CK
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-tai,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *kuaj / *kɔ:j
Meaning: deer
Thai: kuj.A k. of deer CK
Khasi: skei barking deer
References: Kh 772
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-thai,aaet-kat,aaet-bah,aaet-vim,aaet-khasi,aaet-bib,
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Katuic etymology :
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Proto-Katuic: *kɔ:j
Meaning: mouse deer
Presyllable: cǝN-
Proto-West Katuic: BRU sǝŋkâ:j.N
References: TK2.2
katet-meaning,katet-prpr,katet-prnum,katet-wkat,katet-ekat,katet-bibref,
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East Katuic etymology :
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Proto-East Katuic: *kɔ:j
Meaning: mouse deer
Presyllable: cǝN-
Kri: caŋkâ:j
Chatong: cakɔ:j
Kantu dialects: caŋkâ:j
ekatet-meaning,ekatet-epre,ekatet-prnum,ekatet-kr,ekatet-ct,ekatet-kntt,
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Bahnar etymology :
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Proto-Bahnaric: *kuaj
Meaning: mousedeer
Presyllable: Cǝ-
References: JS-584
banet-meaning,banet-prpr,banet-prnum,banet-nob,banet-sob,banet-refer,
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North Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-North-Bahnaric: *ko:j.T, sǝ- / *koj.T, sǝ-
Meaning: mousedeer
Rengao form: cǝko:j.T
Rengao meaning: mousedeer
Jeh form: sǝkuaj.T
Jeh meaning: mousedeer
nobet-meaning,nobet-prnum,nobet-ren,nobet-renme,nobet-jeh,nobet-jehme,
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South Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-South Bahnaric: *kuǝj, #/sǝ-
Meaning: mousedeer
Chrau form: sǝkuǝj
Chrau meaning: mousedeer
Stieng form: kuǝj
Stieng meaning: mousedeer
References: SBS-695
sobet-meaning,sobet-prnum,sobet-chr,sobet-chrme,sobet-sti,sobet-stime,sobet-refer,
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West Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-West- Bahnaric:
Meaning: mousedeer
Jaru form: nkɔ:j, nko:j
Jaru meaning: mousedeer
References: JS-584
webet-meaning,webet-prnum,webet-jr,webet-jrme,webet-refer,
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Viet-Muong etymology :
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Proto-Viet-Muong:
Meaning: deer
Thavung-So: ʔaka:j.B.4
Thavung-So meaning: deer, barking deer; hunter
Notes: cf. 2323
vimet-meaning,vimet-prnum,vimet-so,vimet-some,vimet-note,
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